1. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Rising Costs  In 2005, national health expenditures rose 6.9 percent -- two times the rate of inflation.  U.S. health care spending is expected to continue to increase at reaching $4 TRILLION in 2015, or 20 percent of GDP

2. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Health Indicators

3. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire

4. The Uninsured

5. http://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2009/09/18/news/news-us-usa-healthcare-deaths.html?_r=1

6. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6895896/ns/business-personal_finance/ http://www.totalbankruptcy.com/filing-bankruptcy-statistics/index.html

7. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Comparisons by Insurance Status Those without insurance report being significantly less healthy than those with insurance

8. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire

12. State Health Care Reform  Massachusetts*  California  Vermont  Wisconsin

13. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Patient Protection & Affordable Care Act http://www.healthcare.gov/ http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h3590/text  Expand Coverage*  Mandate coverage (fine/penalty)  No denial of pre-existing conditions  Purchase exchanges  Subsidies and tax credits  Payroll taxes  Program savings (fraud, pay for outcomes)  327,911 words…..1,928 pages House Vote -219 Aye -all Democrat 212 Nay -34 Democrat -178 Republican

14. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire The Massachusetts Experience  Massachusetts has successfully implemented major health reform legislation by making both subsidized and unsubsidized products available, and enforcing an individual mandate.  The number of uninsured has fallen dramatically, and there is also evidence of improvement in access to health care across a wide variety of measures. Public support for the health reforms remains high.  At the same time, the state has been faced with unexpectedly high costs.

15. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Learning from Others  Sick Around the World  Everyone must obtain health insurance  Government pays for those that cannot afford premium  Insurance cannot deny anyone coverage  Insurance cannot make profit on basic care coverage  Set schedule of prices for doctors, hospitals, drugs etc…

16. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Pressing Issues  New technologies and new pharmaceuticals are driving costs.  Financing is still largely fee for service.  Obesity and smoking are the two leading causes of preventable care in the US resulting in over 800,000 deaths and hundreds of billions of dollars in total costs annually.  http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/index.html http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/index.html  http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/ http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/  No hope for meaningful reform until we live healthier lifestyles and profit is taken out of the equation.

18. International Comparison http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSSAT17732020071101 http://www.commonwealthfund.org/

19. N. Gregory Mankiw, Economist

20. David Goldhill, Businessman

23. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Economics 101 “What is YOUR solution?” “There are no solutions,” I said. “There are only trade-offs.” “The people DEMAND solutions!” she shot back angrily. I replied, “the people can demand square circles if they want. But that doesn't mean that they will get them.” Thomas Sowell

24.  Measure average daily FV snack consumption (3 survey days)  Morning and afternoon snack  Test difference between program and control students  Sample restricted to students who were present on all three survey days for both pre-test and post-test (n = 51, 78)

26. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire  Never = 1 Sometimes = 2 Often = 3 Always = 4

27. 1234

28. 1234

29. 1234

30. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire  Never = 1 Sometimes = 2 Often = 3 Always = 4

31. 1234

32. 1234

33. 1234

34. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire  Never = 1 Sometimes = 2 Often = 3 Always = 4

35. 1234

36. 1234

37. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire  Ate all or at least half = 1

38. Nothing Chart & Stickers Chart, Stickers & Toys Nothing Reminders, Modeling/Praise & Toys

39. The FFVP Works!  Toy PRIZES MATTER!  Homework reminders WORK!  Most successful when combined with POSITIVE MODELING & PRAISE!  A caring and dedicated teacher was able to get 70% of her students to bring FV snacks from home on a regular basis.

40. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire The FFVP Works!  Framework for schools to expand the reach of the FFVP beyond the access to free FV provided as snacks in the classroom.  Feasible and affordable in terms of time, resources and money…. SCHOOLS CAN DO THIS!  It seems to work EFFECTIVELY!