1. #4 I am... Phytophthora cinnamomi Phytophthora root rot I like hiking in the woods. I’ll infect over 100 hosts, including azalea, rhododendron, camellia, boxwood, eucalyptus, avocado, pine, juniper, hemlock, spruce, fir, cedar, and cypress (not picky). I like the rain – it creates the wet soils that I love. #2 I am... Phytophthora ramorum Sudden oak death and ramorum blight - I am an oomycete. I like “hiking” in the woods of northern California and Oregon. - I like flying kites (spores are spread by wind and rain) - I'm not a picky eater (host range includes > 100 species of trees shrubs and ornamentals) Image: APSnet #3 I am... Cryphonectria parasitica Chestnut blight I’m a fungus, and American chestnut is my favorite host (I’m kinda picky) – and I’ve done a good job of wiping out chestnut trees in North America. I do like the rain – rain and wind help to spread my spores. #5 I am... Boletus edulis #6 I am... Armillaria mellea Bolete, porcini, king bolete mushroom, penny cap I am a basidiomycete fungus. I like hiking in the woods, where I’m usually found in an ectomycorrhizal association with pines. I am an edible mushroom, quite popular in many recipes. I can grow to be quite large! Armillaria root disease, shoestring root rot I am a soil-borne fungus that infects a wide host range of trees, vines and woody species. I cause a white rot of wood and I produce “honey mushrooms” at the base of trees. Photo: Linda Haugen, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org Photo: Wikipedia APS Image Resources Photo: Joseph O'Brien, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org #1 I am... Cronartium ribicola White pine blister rust - I’m kinda picky! I require 2 hosts - white pines (why I like hiking in the woods) and Ribes (currants and gooseberries) – to complete my life cycle. - Windy kite-flying weather helps me spread my aeciospores. Photo: Joseph O'Brien, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org Basidiomycota Ascomycota Oomycota

2. #7 I am... Mycosphaerella fijiensis #10 I am... Ralstonia solanacearum #8 I am... Lasiodiplodia theobromae #9 I am... Hemileia vastatrix #11 I am... Heterodera spp. #12 I am... Meloidogyne spp. Rot and Dieback I love the tropics, but I'm not a picky eater - I cause rotting and dieback in grapes, citrus, and about 500 host plants. I’ve even been known to infect a human toenail or two! Black sigatoka of banana, black leaf streak I’m a fungus, and I’m partial to the tropics. A nice wet, windy day will help me spread my spores. I’m pretty picky – banana is my fav food - especially Cavendish, the world’s major commercial variety. Coffee rust I’m found in the tropics, or wherever coffee is grown. You could say I'm a picky eater - I literally live on coffee. Photo: APS Education Canter – Plant Disease Lesson – Coffee rust Brown rot of potato, bacterial wilt of solanaceous plants & some ornamentals, Moko disease of banana I am a bacterial pathogen and I can infect hundreds of plant species (I’m not picky)! I can be found in tropical, sub-tropical & some temperate regions. Cyst nematode I am a plant parasitic nematode (simple roundworm). The different Heterodera species each tend to feed on and infect the roots of specific plants (digging in the dirt) – e.g., soybean cyst nematode and soybean, potato cyst nematode and potato. Root knot nematode I am a plant parasitic nematode, and I must admit I cause a lot of damage to agricultural crops world- wide. I like digging in the dirt... I've been known to feed on the roots nearly 2000 different plants (definitely not picky!) Photo: Gerald Holmes, Cal Poly SLO, bugwood.org Photo: Soybean cyst nematode and egg (USDA ARS) Photo: Plant Protection Service, Bugwood.org Meloidogyne incognita Photo: USDA ARS Photo: Gerald Holmes, Cal Poly SLO, Bugwood.org Ascomycota Basidiomycota

3. #13 I am... Guignardia bidwellii #16 I am... Botrytis cinerea #14 I am... Alternaria alternata #15 I am... Magnaporthe oryzae #17 I am... Phytophthora infestans #18 I am... Agrobacterium tumefaciens Spots, rots and blights Black rot of grape My name describes me well. I’m an important fungal disease of grapes, and there’s nothing like a wet, windy day to help me spread my spores. Photo: Wikipedia Gray mold or Botrytis bunch rot I am a fungus that infects many plants – grapes, geraniums, strawberries, tomatoes, onions, garlic and more (I’m not picky). Wet, humid conditions help me thrive. Under certain conditions, I can infect grapes to produce a sweet, Botrytized wine (Noble rot). Crown gall I am a bacterial pathogen, commonly found in the soil (digging in the dirt), where I infect the roots of grapes, many fruit and nut trees and dozens of other plant species (not a picky eater!) Late blight of potato and tomato I am the pathogen associated with the Irish potato famine. If you like digging in the dirt, you may find me infecting my favorite food, potato tubers (I’m kinda picky). Photo: Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series, Bugwood.org I’m a fungus that can infect hundreds of plants, including citrus and papaya. I’m also associated with lung infections and mold allergies (I’m not picky!) I can be found in the air and my spores are spread in kite-flying weather. Rice blast I’m one of the most important and devastating diseases worldwide. I am a fungus that infects rice (pretty picky eater). I thrive under warm, wet and humid conditions. Photo: USDA ARS Ascomycota Photo: University of Georgia Plant Pathology Archive, Bugwood.org I am nature’s genetic engineer, and I can also be quite useful in the lab! Photo: Wikipedia Ascomycota Oomycota

4. #19 I am... Maize lethal necrosis #22 I am... Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) #20 I am... Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris #21 I am... Pantoea stewartii #23 I am... Sudden Death Syndrome of Soybean #24 I am... Xiphinema americanum Aster yellows I am a phytoplasma associated with hundreds of species, many in the Aster family but also crops such as wheat and barley (I’m not picky). I am vectored by leafhoppers (we work as part of a team). I usually infect above ground plant parts (I like fresh air). I like to work as part of a team: maize lethal necrosis is a complex of the Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus, and potyviruses infecting cereals. I am vectored by insects such as thrips. I infect mainly corn (aboveground plant parts) and I’m causing devastating farm losses in West Africa. (Erwinia stewartii) Stewart’s wilt of corn Dagger nematode I am one of the most important plant parasitic nematodes in agriculture. I’m found in the soil and I’ll eat corn and soybean, virtually all fruits, conifers, grasses, ornamentals and more (not a picky eater). I like to work as part of a team: I’m a vector of Tomato ringspot virus and other viruses. I am a soil-borne disease of soybean. I do my most destructive work as part of a team: Fusarium virguliforme (fungus) and Heterodera glycines (soybean cyst nematode) interact to cause severe damage. I am a bacterial pathogen I I’m vectored by the corn flea beetle (we work as part of a team). I’m kind of picky; I especially like sweet corn! I infect over 1000 species, including many vegetables, peanut and tobacco (I’m not a picky eater). I am vectored by thrips (we work as a team). TSWV symptoms on tomato. Photo: William M. Brown Jr., Bugwood.org Photo: Daren Mueller, Iowa State University, Bugwood.org Photo: Aster yellows symptoms on immature onion. Lindsay du Toit, Washington State Univ., Bugwood.org Photo: Felix Francis, University of Delaware, Bugwood.org Photo: FAO Photo: Horacio Lopez Nicora

5. #25 I am... Puccinia graminis #28 I am... Xylella fastidiosa #26 I am... Raffaelea lauricola #27 I am... Sclerotinia homoeocarpa #29 I am... Fusarium oxysporum #30 I am... Rhizoctonia solani Laurel wilt Laurel wilt is a fungus disease of the laurel family – redbay, sassafras etc., but avocados may be my most well-known host. I am spread by the redbay ambrosia beetle (we work as a team). Rhizoctonia damping-off, blight and rot I am a soil-borne fungus found around the world. I’m not a picky eater (I have a broad host range – turfgrass, potatoes, cereals, sugarbeet, cucumber, rice). I like to work as part of a team (R. solani is common in root rot complexes). Fusarium wilt I am found in soils worldwide, often part of a root rot complex and/or assoc. with nematodes (team player). Although I’m diverse, formae speciales (based on host plant) generally have a limited host range, e.g.- F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici causes vascular wilt in tomato. Dollar spot of turfgrass I’m kind of picky (I’m mainly a turfgrass disease). I love the scent of rain (wetness and moisture help me thrive!) I like to work as part of a team - it’s my love of sports! I can be found on golf courses and athletic fields in many parts of the world. Stem rust I am a fungal disease of wheat and barley. Throughout history, I have been a threat to the world supply of wheat, although farmers now grow disease-resistant varieties. Wheat and an alternate host, barberry, help me complete my complex life cycle (but I can survive on wheat alone). My windborne spores like to travel the world. Photo: Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series, Bugwood.org Photo: Barb Corwin, Turfgrass Diagnostics, Bugwood.org I am thought to be native to Asia, now I’m also in the southeast US (world traveler) Photo: Laurel wilt on redbay, Ronald F. Billings, Texas Forest Service, Bugwood.org Symptoms on tomato Photo: Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series, Bugwood.org I am a bacterial pathogen and I’m creating news headlines around the world: Olive Quick Decline Syndrome in Italy, Pierce’s disease in grapes, Citrus variegated chlorisis in Brazil, phoney peach disease in the U.S. and bacterial leaf scorches in many trees. I am spread by leafhoppers (we work as a team). Photo: scorch symtptom, John Hartman, Univ of Kentucky, Bugwood.org Photo: USDA ARS Basidiomycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota