2. Cathy Eberhart, M.B.A. Improving Patient Outcomes through Comprehensive Staff Training

3. Chiropractic Technology Program Associate of Applied Science Degree PACE-Recognized Provider Outcomes-Based Approach Improved Patient Outcomes

4. Clinical SkillsCritical Thinking CommunicationBusiness Chiropractic Technology Program

5. Clinical Outcomes Anatomy & Physiology Adjusting Techniques History & Exams Radiography Therapeutic Modalities

6. Clinical Outcomes  Regulation in area of physiotherapy 1  Newer doctors placed higher importance on physiotherapy and legal issues 2  Staff utilized for physiotherapy and vital signs 3 CourseDidactic HoursLab Hours Anatomy & Physiology 8856 History & Exams 3028 Radiography 16856 Physiotherapy 3028 Externship 120 Hours

7. Critical Thinking Outcomes Identificatio n& managemen t problems Synthesis Application of current & accurate information Respond to ethical challenges

8. Critical Thinking Outcomes  Incorporation of critical thinking into curricula 5  Curriculum Critical Thinking 4 Improved patient care Resolution of problems Staff morale Less turnover Patient satisfaction

9. Communication and Business Outcomes Written, verbal, and non-verbal Front office Documentation, recordkeeping, insurance claim filing

10. Communication Outcomes  Ineffective communication is the root of 66% of medical errors 12  26.3% of time spent documenting patient care 13  Curriculum  Cultural diversity, Patient education, Documentation 14 CommunicationPatient Satisfaction 6,7,8 Patient Compliance 9,10,11 and Self- Assessed Health Improvement 6,7

11. References 1.Holloway L, Eberhart C, Martel S. Changes in state regulation pertaining to chiropractic staff. Poster Presentation, ACC-RAC, Las Vegas, NV, March 2015. 2.Eberhart CA, Martel SS. Utilizing doctors' attitudes toward staff training to inform a chiropractic technology curriculum. J Chiropr Educ. 2014 May. 3.Christensen M, Kollasch M, Hyland J. National Board of Chiropractic Examiners. Practice analysis of chiropractic 2010: a project report, survey analysis, and summary of the practice of chiropractic within the United States. Greeley, CO: 2010. 4.Hanston, R.I, & Jackson, M. (2004). Clinical delegation skills: a handbook for professional practice. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. 5.Azizi-Fini, Hajibagheri A, Adib-Hajbaghery M. Critical thinking skills in nursing students: a comparison between freshman and senior students. Nurs Midwifery Stud. 2015 Mar;4(1):e25721. Epub2015 Mar 10.

12. References 6.Verhoef MJ, Page SA, Waddell SC. The chiropractic outcome study: pain, functional ability and satisfaction with care. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1997;20:235-40. 7.RP Hertzman-Miller, H Morgenstern, EL Hurwitz, F Yu, AH Adams, P Harber, et al. Comparing the satisfaction of low back pain patients randomized to receive medical or chiropractic care: results from the UCLA low-back pain study. Am J Public Health, 92 (2002), pp. 1628–1633. 8.Gaumer G. Factors associated with patient satisfaction with chiropractic care: survey and review of the literature. J Manipulative Physiol Ther, Vol 29, Issue 6, July-August 2006, pp. 455-462. 9.Bartlett EE, Grayson M, Barker R, Levine DM, Golden A, et al. (1984) The effects of physician communications skills on patient satisfaction; recall, and adherence. Journal of chronic diseases 37: 755–764. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(84)90044-4. 10.Dunbar J. Predictors of patient adherence: patient characteristics, in The Handbook of Health Behaviour Change, Shumaker S, Schroon E, Ockene J, Editors. 2004, Springer New York. pp. 348–360.

13. References 11.Titilola M, Henock T, Booth A. Factors associated with adherence to treatment with isoniazid for the prevention of tuberculosis amongst people living with HIV/AIDS: a systematic review of qualitative data. Published: Feb 3, 2014. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087166. 12.Team strategies and tools to enhance performance and patient safety (TeamSTEPPS), Department of Defense and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/teamstepps/.http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/teamstepps/ 13.Christensen M, Hyland J, Goertz C, Kollasch M. National Board of Chiropractic Examiners. Practice analysis of chiropractic 2015: a project report, survey analysis, and summary of the practice of chiropractic within the United States. Greeley, CO: 2015. 14.Towers, Adele L. "Clinical Documentation Improvement—A Physician Perspective: Insider Tips for getting Physician Participation in CDI Programs." Journal of AHIMA 84, no.7 (July 2013): 34-41.