1. Human Impact on the Biosphere

2. Those Pesky Humans!
Humans have a large impact on the environment and the organisms we share it with.
This is due to our
Ever increasing population size.
Ever increasing use of both renewable and non-renewable resources.

3. Humans Affect the Biosphere in 4 Essential Ways:
A. Global Climate Change and Acid Rain B. The Ozone Layer C. Biological Magnification/Bioaccumulation D. Threatening Biodiversity

4. Global Climate Change and Acid Rain

5. Human Activity and the Carbon Cycle
We are releasing CO2 and other related forms of carbon into the atmosphere at a much faster rate than they are absorbed.
This is due to the ever increasing rate at which we:
Clear-cut and burn forests for housing and farming
Burn fossil fuels
These activities have resulted in the phenomenon of global warming.

6. FACTS WE KNOW
Global temperatures have increased °F since the late 19th century.

7. FACTS WE KNOW
The snow cover in the Northern Hemisphere and floating ice in the Arctic Ocean have decreased.
Graph & glacier pix: polar bears:

8. Coastal flooding What’s so bad about warming up a little?
Cartoon from Brookings Register
Coastal flooding

9. More severe storms What’s so bad about warming up a little?
More severe storms

10. Changes in Gulf Stream What’s so bad about warming up a little?
What’s so bad about warming up a little?
Changes in
Gulf Stream

11. Weather extremes What’s so bad about warming up a little?
Heat waves and drought
Brookings Register

12. Changing habitats means loss of species
What’s so bad about warming up a little?
Changing habitats
means
loss of species

13. Acid Rain
The burning of fossil fuels also releases nitrogen and sulfur compounds.
These compounds combine with water vapor in the air to produce acids.
The acids then migrate for miles and fall as acid rain.

15. Effects of Acid Rain

16. Effects of Acid Rain

17. The Ozone Layer

18. OZONE LAYER The ozone layer protects us from UV light.
UV light causes cancer, eye damage, and can damage plant tissue

19. WHAT WE KNOW Scientists have been monitoring the ____________
of ozone in our atmosphere
and have discovered
a hole in the ozone layer
over ____________.
depletion
Antarctica

20. What’s the cause of Ozone Depletion?
Chlorofluorocarbon
molecules _______
released from
air conditioners,
aerosol spray cans,
fire extinguishers,
and industry
________________
(CFC’s)
destroy ozone

21. THAT’S WHY . . . _____________spray cans AEROSOL no longer contain
_____________spray cans
no longer contain
CFC propellants.
Gases in ___________________
and _____________ are collected
and recycled.
AEROSOL
AIR CONDITIONERS
refrigerators

22. Pop Quiz Have out a sheet of Paper and number it 1-4.
Read each question and write down only the letter of your choice.
Good Luck

23. Which of the following is an example of ecological succession?
A. spring followed by summer
B. tadpole becoming a frog
C. meadow replacing a field
D. predators eating prey
2.What is the main suspected
environmental problem associated with the burning of fossil fuels?
A. depletion of fresh water
B. depletion of ozone
C. global cooling
D. global warming

24. 3. Which of the following is a side effect of acid rain.
Large animals
Cancer
Damage to trees
Rusty cars
The ozone layer protects Earth by absorbing –
 A. cosmic dust
B. solar heat
C. ultraviolet radiation
D. white-light frequencies

25. Bioaccumulation

26. Biological Magnification/ Bioaccumulation
Biological magnification/ Bioaccumulation occurs when pesticides build up in animal tissue as you move up a food chain.

27. _____ was first modern insecticide
Example:
_____ was first modern insecticide
It was cheap, stayed active for long time, and kills many different insects
Used to control agriculture pests
and disease carrying
_______________
DDT
MOSQUITOES

28. DDT in Borneo
DDT was used in Borneo to kill mosquitoes. Lizards ate the mosquitoes. Cats ate the lizards. Cats began dying.
With no cats, the rat population grew.
Rats began spreading disease.
They came up with an interesting solution…..

29. Parachuting Cats

30. DDT in the United States
DDT causes birds to lay eggs with ___________ shells so eggs would break when sat on. American Bald Eagle was declared endangered in It has since been reclassified as _____________________
fragile
“threatened”

31. Threatening Biodiversity

32. The sum of the genetically based
variety of all the organisms in the
biosphere = ___________________
Biodiversity gives __________ to the
ecosystems that we are so dependent
on, enhances their ____________, and
provides an important source of new
_____, ________, and other _________.
BIODIVERSITY
stability
productivity
medicine
food
products

33. Threatening Biodiversity
There are 3 basic ways that human actions threaten biodiversity:
Introducing non-native species
Hunting organisms to extinction
Habitat destruction

34. BIODIVERSITY THREAT INVASIVE SPECIES PREDATORS INCREASE
One of most important threats to
biodiversity come from apparently
harmless plants or animals that
humans transport into new habitats =
_____________________
New habitats don’t have ____________
and parasites that control the population
in their native habitats, so invasive species
populations _____________ rapidly.
INVASIVE SPECIES
PREDATORS
INCREASE

35. EXAMPLES OF INVASIVE SPECIES
24 rabbits turned loose for
hunting in 1859 in Australia,
reproduced at such a rapid rate they have taken over
the continent.
It is still a major problem and rabbit diseases have been purposely introduced to try to control the population

36. Hunting Organisms to Extinction

37. Habitat Destruction Development of natural areas for cities or
agriculture

38. BIODIVERSITY THREAT Tropical rainforests are disappearing
Tropical rainforests are disappearing
at a rate of about 80 acres per minute.

39.
BIODIVERSITY THREAT
Changes in Brazilian rainforest over 30 years
The tropical rainforests once covered more than 14% of the earth's total land surface,
but now cover less than 6%.

40. Can lead to species Extinction
Chinese tiger, thylacine , yangtze river dolphin.

41. quagga

42. Endangered Species

43. Aye aye- panda, black rhino.

44. Clouded leopard. Indo, elephant.

45. Worlds Rarest Animal
Pinta island. Lonesome George.

46. ONCE THOUGHT EXTINCT

47. What can we do???

48. WHAT DOES IT MEAN? REMEMBER! Everything is connected.
BIODIVERSITY is a measure
of the health of an ecosystem.
Image from: Pearson Education Inc, publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall ©2006

49. CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY
Examples of efforts to keep a species from becoming extinct:
___________________
(raised and protected in zoos until population is stable, then returned to wild
Captive breeding

51. Practice Questions
A species that enters an environment where it has not lived before is called an
A. endangered
B. invasive
C. Threatened
D. Predator
A species whose population is declining so rapidly that it could become extinct is
A. non-native
B. fragmented
C. endangered
D. Invasive

52. Ecology Study Guide Chapter 3 study guide questions
Notes on Energy Flow
Food webs
Food Chains
Energy Pyramids
Biomass Pyramids

53. Cycles
Water
Carbon
Nitrogen
Biological communities
Biomes

54. Ecological Succession Population Ecology Notes
Primary vs secondary
Population Ecology Notes
Graphs, growth rate, factors that effect population size
Human and the Environment
DDT, Acid Rain, Ozone layer, biodiversity, global warming