1. Climate change and noncommunicable diseases: the nutrition connection © Samuel Hauenstein Swan PHI satellite event at the High Level Meeting on Non-Communicable Diseases September 19 th, 2011, NY © Samuel Hauenstein Swan www.unscn.org

2. Presentation plan Nutrition and NCDs Climate change and nutrition Climate change and NCDs: the nutrition connection www.unscn.org

3. Nutrition and Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) www.unscn.org

4. Undernutrition is still a major development challenge 925 million people suffer from long-term hunger 171 million young children are chronically undernourished 55 million children are wasted www.unscn.org

5. © Samuel Hauenstein Swan Causes of deaths among children under age five, 2008 Source: Black et al. 2010, Lancet More than one- third of child deaths are attributable to undernutrition

6. But this is just one side of the problem www.unscn.org

7. Chronic, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) cause 63% of global deaths (WHO 2010). Total NCD deaths are projected to rise to 52 million by 2030. 80% of NCD deaths occurred in LMIC in 2008 Some 1 billion adults and 20 million children are estimated to be overweight Copyright: Barry Popkin www.unscn.org

8. Total deaths by broad cause group Region and by sex Source: Global status report on non-communicable disease (WHO, April 2010)

9. This is the double burden of malnutrition

10. 10 Implications of developmental origins of health and disease Fetal and early childhood is a critical period during which growth is maximum and biological conditions are programmed. Environment hazzards during this period have potential for increase the prevalence of NCDs. This is particularly important for low income countries that are starting to face the double burden of malnutrition.

11. Many risk factors for NCDs are nutrition related Inadequate foetal development; lack of breastfeeding; Inappropriate complementary feeding; stunting; Low fruit and vegetable intake; high salt (NaCl) intake; Saturated fat and trans fatty acid intake; high cholesterol; Overweight and obesity, childhood obesity is a special concern ; www.unscn.org

12. Climate change and nutrition

13. Understanding the consequences: CC and water / temperature stresses -50%-15% 0% +35%+15% 2080 13

14. Source: Adapted from Black et al, 2008 Climate Change exacerbates undernutrition

15. Climate change and NCDs: The nutrition connection

16. www.unscn.org

17. © Samuel Hauenstein Swan A revitalized multi-sectoral approach is needed: Sustainable, climate-resilient and nutrition-sensitive agricultural development (i.e. promoting sustainable food production and sustainable consumption of healthier diets rich in fruits, vegetables and less saturated fats from animal origin); Access to maternal and child health care, safe water and sanitation systems; Social protection schemes to address undernutrition; women’s empowerment, among others. For more information:For more information, Visit www.unscn.org orwww.unscn.org Contact the UNSCN Secretariat at scn@who.intscn@who.int For more information:For more information, Visit www.unscn.org orwww.unscn.org Contact the UNSCN Secretariat at scn@who.intscn@who.int For more information:For more information, Visit www.unscn.org orwww.unscn.org Contact the UNSCN Secretariat at scn@who.intscn@who.int For more information see UNSCN policy brief www.unscn.org or Contact the UNSCN Secretariat at scn@who.int Preventing NCDs needs ensuring Nutrition Security in a Changing Climate

18. Conclusions Climate change will increase the NCD epidemics. One mechanism is through CC impact on nutrition Early nutrition matters and the window of opportunity is from conception to 24 months Systemic and holistic approaches are needed: addressing causes and not symptoms they will benefit nutrition, health and the environment