1. Making the Peace I. Results of the WW I (Europe) 1. -9 million dead 1. -9 million dead 2. -2 million wounded 2. -2 million wounded 3. Land destroyed 3. Land destroyed a. Hunger a. Hunger 4. Homes destroyed 4. Homes destroyed a. Death from cold a. Death from cold 5. Industry Destroyed 5. Industry Destroyed a. No jobs a. No jobs

2. 6. America becomes the “big brother” a. American Relief Commission -food, clothing and medical relief to -food, clothing and medical relief to devastated Europe devastated Europe

3. II. Making the Peace (Treaty of Versailles) 1. Meeting of the “Big Four” (1919) a. America a. America b. Britain b. Britain c. France c. France d. Italy d. Italy The "Big Four" at the Paris Peace Conference: Lloyd George, Orlando, Clemenceau, Wilson

4. 2. Woodrow Wilson’s “14 Points” a. Purpose = “make war unnecessary” 1. Open Diplomacy 1. Open Diplomacy 2. No secret Treaties 2. No secret Treaties 3. Free Sea Travel 3. Free Sea Travel 4. Free Trade 4. Free Trade 5. Disarmament 5. Disarmament 6. Independent European 6. Independent European Nations Nations 7. Self-Determination 7. Self-Determination 8. World Alliance… 8. World Alliance… -League of Nations -League of Nations -Work out problems -Work out problems peacefully peacefully

5. 3. Treaty of Versailles: harsh on Germany 1. France, Britain and Italy a. Destroyed by WWI a. Destroyed by WWI b. Distrusted aggressive Germany b. Distrusted aggressive Germany c. Goal: “Make Germany powerless” c. Goal: “Make Germany powerless” -prevent them from starting future wars -prevent them from starting future wars German cartoon: Although Germany had the choice to accept or to reject the Versailles Peace Proposals, the country was already condemned to death, according to this political cartoon that appeared in the German magazine Simpliccimus on June 3, 1919. The principal judges and executioners were (from left to right) the American president Wilson, the French president Clemenceau and the British prime minister Lloyd George.

6. 3. Treaty of Versailles (Continued) 1. Germany must accept responsibility for the war 1. Germany must accept responsibility for the war -(9 million dead, 2 million wounded, etc…) -(9 million dead, 2 million wounded, etc…) 2. Complete loss of territory 2. Complete loss of territory 3. Germany can have no subs or other “weapons of war” 3. Germany can have no subs or other “weapons of war” 4. Germany must pay $56 Billion 4. Germany must pay $56 Billion a. “War Reparations” a. “War Reparations”

7. Questions 1.What did President Woodrow Wilson hope to accomplish with his 14 Points? 2.What demands did the Treaty of Versailles place upon the Germans? 3.Why did Britain, Italy and France feel it was important to deal with Germany harshly after WWI? 4.How did the Treaty of Versailles affect Germany’s future?