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Family and Household
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Lecture Outline What is the family? What is the difference between family and household? What are some of the challenges of family and household organization?
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Family In 1950, 60% of all U.S. households conformed to the nuclear family model. Today, only 26% of U.S. households conform to the independent nuclear family ideal. In the U.S. 28% of women have experienced domestic violence, and 10 are killed by their batterers every day.
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Diagram: Independent Nuclear Family
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Functions of the Family Nurturance of children. Economic cooperation. Provide child with models from whom they can learn gender appropriate roles.
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Definition of the Family A group composed of a woman and her dependent children, with at least one adult man joined through marriage or blood relationship. In most societies, families constitute households or households are built around families.
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Forms of the Family Conjugal family – formed on the basis of marital ties Consanguineal family – consists of related women, their brothers, and the women’s offsprings
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Households Basic residential units that implement: Economic production Consumption Inheritance Child rearing Shelter
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Five Basic Residence Patterns Patrilocal Matrilocal Ambilocal Neolocal Avunculocal
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Diagram: Patrilocal Extended Family
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Diagram: Avunculocal Residence
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Family Organization and Problems Polygamous families - potential conflict among spouses of the individual to whom they are married. Polyandrous families - older husbands are apt to dominate the younger ones.
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Family Organization and Problems Extended families - decisions are made by an older individual whose views may not coincide with those of the younger family members.
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Female-Headed Households 1970’s 45% households were nuclear families. 4.7% households were single parent families. 1998 26% households were nuclear families. 18.2% households were single parent families. Nuclear families - husbands and wives must work out their own solutions to the problems of living together and having children.
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Homework 1. Read Chapter 10 – Haviland Kinship and Descent 2. Study Household and Domestic Organization: http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/arts/ anthropology/tutor/residence/toc.html
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