1. Growth of City and Urban Life
Urbanization
Growth of City and Urban Life

2. Reasons for Urbanization
New Jobs in City Factories

4. Reasons for Urbanization
Immigration into Cities

5. Great Migration
Mass movement of blacks to northern cities to escape “Jim Crow” in the south

6. Urbanization Problems
More people then jobs
Lack of housing
Lack of public services (water, sewage and transportation)

7. Urbanization Problems
Formation of ghettoes
High Crime Rate; emergence of mob (immigrants)

8. Temporary Solutions NYC – built first subway system
High Rise Apartments

9. Progressive Movement
Movement to address the problems caused by urbanization, immigration, and industrialization

10. Goals of the Progressive Movement
A government controlled by the people
Guaranteed economic opportunities through government regulation
Elimination of Social Injustices

11. Problems in Government

12. Corruption
City mayors and leaders easily influenced by businesses (bribes)

14. Boss Tweed NY mayor known for corrupt business practices
Used mob to get immigrant votes

15. Spoils system
System of rewarding people with jobs who helped elected officials
Allowed corrupt people to maintain power

16. Problem 1 City problems too big for mayor to handle alone
Mayors were corrupt

17. Solution 1 New forms of government to meet peoples needs
Commissions and City Councils formed
City Managers and Council Managers created

18. Problem 2
Government made laws that did not serve the people

19. Solution 2
Recall – public can vote to remove public officials from office
Referendum – public can approve or reject a law
Initiative – voters can put a proposed law on election ballot

20. Problem 3 Election process was flawed
Spoils system decided too many public offices
Ballots were public record

21. Solution 3
Primary elections – voters got to hear from more than 1 candidate
17th amendment – voters could directly elect US senators
Secret Ballots – who you voted for was private info