1. Written by: Angelia Greiner Additional Material by: Kelley McConathy

2. Birth of the Novel Rise of Literacy &Lending libraries Rise of Literacy &Lending libraries New market for the novel by 1700 s! New market for the novel by 1700 s!

3. DEFINITION… A lengthy fictional narrative, written in prose, presenting a realistic picture of believable characters and events

4. The Novel as a Literary Genre 1.Contemporariness became a common theme within the novels, writers were more inclined to show the life of the present day versus life as it was in the past. 2.Characters and events were made to be believable, as if to mirror the people and events in the every day world of the time, lending the novels credibility.

5. The Novel as a Literary Genre 3.Writers also began to reject traditional plot types. Instead, writers paid greater attention to self-consciousness and the process of thought. 4. Stories reflected more of their individualism and subjectivity.

6. The novel created "a true world, familiar and recognizable to shoemakers and philosophers alike"

7. Early Beginnings–1700s “The proper study of mankind is man.” —Alexander Pope Samuel Richardson Henry Fielding Pope Richardson

8. Daniel Defoe was credited for being the author of the first English novel.The first novel is usually credited to be Defoe's Robinson Crusoe which was first published in 1719.Robinson Crusoe Next, there was the publication in 1740 of Samuel Richardson's Pamela (Lee). Followed by a multitude of other books that would be termed "novels" such as Henry Fielding's Joseph Andrews. After these first novelists became successful, a flux of other authors would quickly evolve in the years to come. Authors like Charles Dickens and Jane Austen's to name a few, would soon become some of the world's most famous novelists having perfected the art of the novel.Pamela Henry FieldingJoseph Andrews Charles DickensJane Austen Defoe

9. Basic Elements of the Novel Plot Character Setting Point of View Theme

10. Plot The plot is what happens in the story. exposition dénouement climax

11. Conflict in the Early Novels Person versus society Person versus self Person versus person

12. Person v. Society Character trapped by circumstances of birth Character falsely accused by society Character feels apart from society and discovers own values

13. Person v. Society Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe Separated from the cosmopolitan world Rebels “He hoped I would study law, but all I wanted was to go to sea.”

14. Person v. Society The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne Individual’s triumph over cultural expectations of society Hester Prynne “Lastly, in lieu of these shifting scenes, came back the rude market-place of the Puritan settlement, with all the townspeople assembled and leveling their stern regards at Hester Prynne,—yes, at herself,—who stood on the scaffold of the pillory, an infant on her arm, and the letter A, in scarlet, fantastically embroidered with gold thread, upon her bosom!” Single click speaker to hear audio clip >>>>

15. Person v. Self Character finds inner strength despite poor odds Character must develop moral compass Character must discover self-worth Defoe Dickens Hawthorne

16. Person v. Person One character must battle another character to gain power, true love, freedom, justice or acceptance One group of characters must free themselves from another One character must confront another to survive

17. Character Character: person in a literary work Main character: the protagonist Character in direct conflict with the protagonist: the antagonist

18. Point of View Author’s choice of narrator for a story A story can be told in many different ways

19. First Person Point of View Narrator is character in story

20. Second Person Refers to the use of “you” in writings

21. Second Person Examples Narration: “He hasn’t disappointed her yet. You have. She looks at you through a veneer of resignation. Her eyes glow, her lower lip barely trembling. And well she might fear you.” from The Bride Wore Red by Robbie Sethi

22. Third Person Point of View Narrator is not a character in the story Third person point of view written in variety of ways Third Person (Limited) Third Person (Multiple Viewpoints) Third Person (Omniscient)

23. From what viewpoint is the narrator speaking? “She had not known the weight until she felt the freedom!” from The Scarlet Letter "Bah!" said Scrooge. "Humbug!" from A Christmas Carol "Man," I cried, "how ignorant art thou in thy pride of wisdom!" Victor Frankenstein, from Frankenstein “The agony of my feelings allowed me no respite; no incident occurred from which my rage and misery could not extract its food...” The monster, from Frankenstein

24. Setting Where and when a story takes place Time of day or year Geographical location Climate or weather Immediate surroundings of character

25. Purpose of Setting Become the antagonist Create atmosphere Tell about a character Reinforce an overall idea

26. Puritan New England in The Scarlet Letter The Mississippi River in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn The Atlantic Ocean in Moby Dick A deserted island in Lord of the Flies 1920s Jazz Age in The Great Gatsby Setting Examples

27. Theme Central idea that serves to unify the story Every element of the novel contributes

28. Teamwork Discrimination Pride Trust Resourcefulness Challenges Ethical dilemmas Nature Leadership Euthanasia Commitment Diversity Freedom Guilt Love Convictions Heroes Community Social change Loss Patriotism Communication Evil Family Friendship Loyalty Power Acceptance Hope Friendship Customs Loneliness Values Money Death War Choices Prejudice Denial Poverty Theme Topics

29. The Picaresque Novel (Spanish: "picaresca," from "pícaro," for "rogue" or "rascal") is a popular sub-genre of prose fiction which is usually satirical and depicts, in realistic and often humorous detail, the adventures of a roguish hero of low social class who lives by his wits in a corrupt society.Spanishroguerascalfictionsatiricalrealisticadventureshero social class

30. Picaresque Novel (1)A picaresque narrative is usually written in first person as an autobiographical account.first person (2) The main character is often of low character or social class. He or she gets by with wit and rarely deigns to hold a job. (3) There is no plot. The story is told in a series of loosely connected adventures or episodes. (4) There is little if any character development in the main character. Once a picaro, always a picaro. His or her circumstances may change but rarely result in a change of heart. (5) The picaro's story is told with a plainness of language or realism. (6) Satire is a prominent element. (7) The behavior of a picaresque hero or heroine stops just short of criminality.plotrealismSatirecriminality

31. Epistolary Novel An epistolary novel is a novel written as a series of documents. The usual form is letters, although diary entries, newspaper clippings and other documents are sometimes used. Recently, electronic "documents" such as recordings and radio, blogs, and e-mails have also come into use. The word epistolary is derived through Latin from the Greek word ἐ πιστολή epistolē, meaning a letter (see epistle).novellettersdiary entries newspaperblogse-mails epistolaryLatinGreekepistle The epistolary form can add greater realism to a story, because it mimics the workings of real life. It is thus able to demonstrate differing points of view without recourse to the device of an omniscient narrator.realism omniscient narrator

32. The Trilogy Novel Three novels in a sequence which tell a story The Lord of the Rings Trilogy The Star Wars Trilogy

33. In Conclusion Novels serve many purposes: Help us understand our own heritage Illuminate the human experience Can be a catalyst for social and political change Document an event for better understanding

34. The END