1. Family health risk

2. outline 1-Objectives 2-Definition of family and health risks
3- Early approaches to family health risks
4-Concepts in family health risk
5-Family health risks
6-Empowering families
7-nursing intervention
8-conclusion & summary
9-Article
10-Refernces

3. objective
Objectives
upon completion of this seminar the student will be able to:
-Identify the definition of health risks
-recognize approaches to family health risks
-Identify concept in family health risk
-recognize major health risks
-explain what's nursing interventions
-article

4. FAMILY Social system of two or more people
Define themselves as a family
Share bonds of emotional closeness
family include environment and individuals

5. health risk Health risks
Any factor that increases the chance of disease or injury.
Pender(2002) identified six categories of risk factor:
1-genetics.
2- age
3- biological characteristics
4-personal health habits
5- lifestyle
6-enviroment

6. Early approaches to family health risks :
1-health of families
“Litman” pointed out the important
role that the family plays in health
and illness and emphasized that
the relationship between health,
health behavior and family
“is highly dynamic one in which
each may have a dramatic effect
on other

7. Early approaches to family health risks :
2-Health of the nation
* Population focused classic study demonstrated relationships between seven lifestyle habits and decreased morbidity and mortality.
These habits were :
1-sleeping 7- 8 hours daily.
2- eating breakfast almost every day
3-never or rarely eating between meals
4-being at or near recommended
height adjusted weight
5- never smoking cigarettes
6- moderate or no use of alcohol
7- regular physical activity

8. Concepts in family health risk
Understanding family health risk requires an examination of several related concepts:
1-family health
2-family health risks
3-Risk appraisal
4-Risk reduction
5-Life event
6-Life style
7-Family crisis

9. ” Concepts in family health risk (Family health)
Is defined in terms of system stability as characterized by five interacting factors:
*physiologic
*psychological
*socio cultural
*developmental
*spiritual

10. Concepts in family health risk “Family crisis”
- Occurs when family faces a seemingly-insolvable problem
or when the family is not able to cope with an event and becomes disorganized or dysfunctional .

11. Con’t family crisis
Differentiate between family resources and family coping strategies:
-if family were to experience an unexpected illness in the primary wage earner ,family resources might include financial assistance from relative or emotional support.
-family coping strategies include the family was able to ask a relative to loan them emergency funds or was able to talk with relatives about the worries they were experiencing.

12. Concepts in family health risk “Family health risk appraisal”
assessment of family health risk requires many approaches and must to get know :
Family
Strengths
Their needs

13. Family health risks : Biological and age –related risk
Environment risk
Behavioral risk (life style)

14. Biological and age –related risk
The family plays in important role in both development and the management of a diseases or condition .
Several illness have a family component that can be accounted for by either genetics or lifestyle pattern .
Example : cardiovascular dieses can several generation of a family
Hypertension , diabetes millets

15. Biological and age –related risk
Life- event risks :
often occur during transition
from one development stage
to another Transition present
new situation and demands
for families.
these experience often require
that family change behaviors
schedules and pattern of
communication make new decisions

16. Life event
How well prepared families are to deal with transition depends on the nature of the event
The event divided to :
**Normative
**Non- normative

17. Normative event
The kind of anticipatory preparation can increase the family coping ability and less stress and negative outcomes
Birth new baby
Moving out of the home to
go school or work

18. Non – normative event
Is unexpected and families have littlie or no time to prepare and the outcome can be increase stress and crisis or dysfunction.
Examples :
**Major illness
**Divorce
**Death

19. Biological health risk assessment:
1-Genogram is a drawing that shows the family unit of immediate interest
and includes several generation
using series of circles ,squares,
and connecting lines
Basic information about the
family , relationship in the family
and pattern of health and illness

20. Biological health risk assessment:
2- more intensive and quantitative assessment of a family biological risks can be achieved through the use of a standard family risk assessment

21. Biological health risk assessment:
3- normative and no normative life events pose potential risks to the health of families
Community level support groups have been successful in assisting families in dealing with verity of stressful situation and crisis (e.g., bereaved parents , parents and friends of lesbian and gay person )

22. Environment risk Social risks = living in high – crime neighborhoods,
in communities without adequate recreation or health resources
in communities that have major noise pollution or in the high stress environment
*If adequate resources and coping process are not available breakdown in health occur .

23. Environment risk Environment risk
economic risk : which is related to social risk is determined by the relationship between family financial resources and the demand on those resources .
Having adequate financial resources means that is family is to able buy the necessary commodities related to health ( housing ,food , education , health or illness care)

24. Environment risk assessment
Assessment of environment health risk is less well defined and developed information on relationships that family with other such as relatives , neighbors
Their connection with the other social units (e.g , school , work , clubs .organization .

25. Environment risk assessment
Ecomap represent the family interactions with other groups and organizational accomplished using a series of circles and lines .

26. Behavioral (life style )
The pattern of personal health habits and behavioral risk defines individual and family lifestyle risk.
General guidelines include eating variety of foods , maintaining healthy weight , choosing diet low In fat and cholesterol limiting use sugar and salt .
Regular physical activity is effective promoting and maintaining health and prevent disease
Substance abuse and tobacco use are most causes in death in united state

27. Behavioral health risk assessment
A number of tools exist for assessing individuals lifestyle risks but few are available for assessing family life style patterns
One approach is to identify family patterns for each of lifestyle component
In the areas of health promotion ,health protection, and preventing services lifestyle can be assessed in several dimension .
From the literature on health behavior research

28. Cont assessment
Its important to assess the frequency , intensity and regularity of specific behaviors is also important to evaluate the resource available to the family for implementing the behaviors' .

29. Empowering families
*approaches for helping individuals and families assumes an active role in their health care
characteristics of empowered family seeking help:
1-access and control over needed resources
2-decision-making and problem solving abilities
3-the ability to communicate and to obtain needs resources

30. Con’t empowerment Outcomes of empowerment: 1-positive self-esteem
2-ability to set and reach goals
3-sence of control over life and change processes
4-sence of hope for the future

31. WHY NURSES WORK WITH FAMILIES
To reduce the factors that damage health.
To enhance good health and well being.
To strengthen self-care and coping.

32. WHAT DO NURSES OFFER TO FAMILIES
Health promotion.
Disease prevention and early detection.
Home care.

33. NURSING INTERVENTIONS
Primary prevention-aggregate level
Advocate
Environmental protection
Social justice
Availability of health promotion and illness prevention services
Teach coping skills 33

34. NURSING INTERVENTIONS
Health promotion and protection
Educate family members
Safety
Nutrition
Physical activity/rest
Illness prevention
Teaching effective hygiene
Referring for immunizations 34

35. Summary family include individual and environment nursing many risks
intervention
many risks
involved family
Summary
empowering
family

36. conclusion
because the family basic unit in our community the nursing role very important in primary , secondary , and tertiary intervention to promote Health prevent Disease.

37. FAMILY HOME VISITING OUTCOMES FOR LATINA MOTHERS WITH AND WITHOUT MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate outcomes of a public health nursing family home visiting (FHV) intervention for Latina mothers with and without mental health problems. Design and Sample: Retrospective cohort analysis of de-identified FHV data. Latina clients served by public health nurses (PHNS) in an urban Midwest public health agency ( ). Of the 680 clients there were 158 with mental health problems (n = 30, 14-17 year olds; n = 128, 18-52 year olds) and 522 without mental health problems (n = 100, 14-17 year olds; n = 422, 18-52 year olds). Measures: Client age, number of problems, number of visits, length of service, presence of mental health problem, and Omaha System knowledge, behavior, and status scores for all client problems. Analysis included general linear mixed models adjusted for co-variables (i.e., age, comorbidities).

38. Results: All groups improved knowledge, behavior, and status
Results: All groups improved knowledge, behavior, and status. Knowledge improvement was not significantly different across groups. Behavior improved more among adults with mental health problems (p = .013). Status improved more among adolescents with mental health problems (p = .012). Conclusions: Latina mothers, particularly those with mental health problems, improve after PHN FHV services. Further study should examine intervention patterns associated with these outcomes, and seek explanations for differences in outcomes. (© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

39. References: www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/13_0137.htm
National Council on Family Relations