1. Immigration into the United States By: Molly Riebling AFNorth International School

2.  “Old Immigration” ◦ Religion ◦ Opportunity ◦ Political Conflicts  “New Immigration” ◦ Poverty ◦ Opportunity ◦ Religious Oppression

4. ◦ New England Colonies  Puritans vs. Separatists  Pilgrims  Religious Persecution ◦ Middle Colonies  Establishment of colonies because of religion  Quakers – Pennsylvania; Catholics – Maryland ◦ French Immigrants  Huguenots: French Protestants who experienced religious persecution in France ◦ Spanish Immigrants  Missions (1769-1833)  Ex. Sacramento

5. ◦ Trade  French  Fur trade  Dutch  Traded with Indians ◦ Gold  Spain  “Lost City of Gold”

6.  France ◦ Huguenots and the French Wars of Religion  King Louis XIV stripping them of their rights unless they converted to Roman Catholicism  St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre  Many Huguenot deaths

7. Many of the “New Immigrants” came from areas in Eastern Asia in addition to Southern and Eastern Europe.

8.  Employment ◦ Southern and Eastern Europe ◦ “Gilded Age” ◦ Tenements ◦ Jacob Riis – “How the Other Half Lives”

9.  Industrial Society that the United States offered  Gospel of Wealth ◦ Horatio Alger ◦ Andrew Carnegie

10.  Many of the people in Southern and Eastern Europe were experiencing religious oppression from their governments, which is why they immigrated to the United States

11.  “Old Immigration” ◦ Unfamiliarity with the land  “New Immigration” ◦ Literacy ◦ Discrimination

13.  Jamestown ◦ “Starving time”  Roanoke ◦ “Lost Colony”

15.  Jane Addams ◦ Hull House ◦ Places in which older immigrants could go to learn English  Ethnic Communities ◦ Ex. Little Italy, Chinatown ◦ Kept with their old cultures, which allowed them to put off learning English

16.  Chinese ◦ Chinese Exclusion Act  Political Machines ◦ Boss Tweed’s Tammany Hall ◦ Used votes of new immigrants to corrupt American political systems

17.  Job Hunters ◦ People are moving around more  Threat of opportunity ◦ Not as many jobs in the United States ◦ Outsourcing/Relocating jobs  Increased connectivity ◦ Evolution of Telecommunication