1. 6.2 Urbanization

2. I. Migrating to the City A.Urban population of the U.S. grew rapidly by 1900 1.Immigrants with little money found jobs here 2.Mechanization of farm work forced rural Americans to the cities

3. I. Migrating to the City… B.As cities grew, new technologies made skyscrapers possible 1. Louis Sullivan – father of the skyscrapers

4. I. Migrating to the City… C.Mass transit 1.Horsecar cable cars electric trolley car 2.Larger cities needing to ease congestion relied on elevated railroads & subways

5. II. Separation by Class A.The wealthy lived in fashionable districts in the heart of the city B.Middle class lived in large homes away from the center of the city – “streetcar suburbs” C.Working class lived in crowded tenements

6. III. Urban Problems A.Crime, pollution, disease B.Political corruption 1.Political machines, led by party bosses, provided basic necessities to city dwellers in exchange for votes 2.Politicians grew rich through fraud or graft 3.Tammany Hall, the New York City Democratic political machine was the most infamous of them all - Led by William “Boss” Tweed

7. “The poor are the most grateful people in the world, and, let me tell you, they have more friends in their neighborhoods than the rich have in theirs. If there’s a family in my district in want, I know it before the charitable societies do, and me and my men are the first on the ground…. The consequence is that the poor look up to George Plunkitt… and don’t forget him on election day. Another thing, I can always get a job for a deservin’ man… I know every big employer in the district and in the whole city, for that matter, and they ain’t in the habit of saying no to me when I ask them for a job.” - quoted by New York “Boss” George Plunkitt

8. III. Urban Problems…