1. Power of the Church, Lay Investiture Conflict and Challenges to Church Authority

2. Power of the Church
Due to weak, decentralized political power in Europe, the Church becomes a powerhouse
How did Gelasius’ quote foreshadow conflict in Europe?
Summarize the quote in yor own words.

3. Structure of the Church Hierarchy
Papa Curia c. 1100
Archbishops
Lay Clergy
_________________
Sacred Clergy

4. The Church as a unifying force
In what ways did the Church bring people together?
Why was its presence to important to the people of the Middle Ages?

5. What aspects of life did the Church not control?
In what ways did the Church wield its power?

6. In the beginning…
936 –_______ became king of Germany, he limited the nobles power by teaming up with the ________.
962 – in reward of his service in protecting the pope, Otto I became _____________
______________
Resentment grew between __________ and the German rule.

7. The Lay Investiture Conflict
1075 – Pope Gregory VII banned ____________
What is that? – Define
1075 – Henry IV, HRE (German), called a meeting and sent a letter to the pope saying that he was not pope and was a false monk. __________
1076 – Pope Gregory VII ____________Henry IV, Henry decides to beg for forgiveness after his noble sided with the pope.
Pope also released all of Henry’s vassals from their ________________

8. Henry defeated
1077 – Henry VI, powerless, travels to ________ to a castle where the pope was staying.
Henry stood out in the snow with bare feet and wearing uncomfortable wool crying for mercy and __________.
The ________ finally relents.
Henry then returns to Germany
Takes revenge on the ________
who abandoned him.

9. The Compromise
1122 – The _______________, the Church can choose its officials, but the emperor can veto the selection.
The crucial compromise: Emperor gained control of the ________side of the church, but surrendered the spiritual.
Conflict is given attention across ___________.

10. Frederick and the Papacy
1152 – ___________ (Barbarossa) chosen as the German king. He named his territory the Holy Roman Empire.
Frederick invaded rich Italian cities angering the pope who gained money from the cities.
1167 – Creation of the _____________

11. The Battle
1176 – The Lombard League defeat Frederick I at the___________________.
Mounted knights are __________for the first time in history.
1177 – Frederick I makes peace with Alexander III, the pope. Frederick’s power ________ in Germany
1190 – Frederick I dies, fragmenting Germany
A weak, decentralized HRE prevents the ______________of Germany in the Middle Ages