1. -1492 Christopher Columbus contract with Catholic monarchs: -Pope (Alex. VI, from Spain) entrusted a missionary task Inherent Contradiction?

2.  Las Casas, Chs. 1-3  What happened at Christmas of 1511 that changed de las Casas’ life?  Which was the first order that the King chose to protect the indigenous people?  What was an encomienda?

3.  Clayton, Bartolome de las Casas, Ch. 4  Chasteen, Blood and Fire, Ch. 3  See The Mission in Library or in the history lab

4.  Two European waves settled the American continent by 1540 1. From Cuba (1516-1518) to Mexico (1519) Central America (1522) Hernan Cortés landed at Veracruz in March, 1519 -Aztec (Moctezuma) waiting for return of Quetzalcoatl, finery and gifts

5.  -Francisco Pizarro led expedition in 1531  TP: How did this Conquistador with only 150 soldiers overrun such a huge empire with such a large standing army of thousands?

6.  What determined locale and patterns?  Mining Zones great focus of Spanish activities  Cities first, and closest to mines  What was an Audiencia?  High Court  Audiencia of Santo Domingo 1511-1526  Audiencia of Mexico 1527  Audiencia of Panama 1535-42  Audiencia of Lima 1542  Audiencia of Guatemala 1543  Audiencia of New Galicia 1548  Audiencia of Bogota 1549

7.  1. National:  Crown Council of Indies (1523) Government by Decree Viceroyalties New Spain1521 Peru1542 La Plata 1776 New Granada1717

10. High Courts of Appeals in the Viceroyalties Santo Domingo 1511

11.  Visita: examination of indigenous town.  Why would the VR have needed a visita?  Cuenta: Established the number of tribute payers  Goal of these measures? Imperial context

12.  Encomienda?  Gradual reversion of encomiendas to crown  Royal tribute in New Spain: 1550: 100,000 pesos 1790: well over 1,000,000 pesos Decline of the Encomienda By 1549: lost right to demand labor lost fight to make it permanent Demographic Collapse and Results

13.  Lawrence Clayton  Bartolome de las Casas, Chs. 1-3

14.  Alcaldía Mayor or Corregimiento  Provincial Administrators  Intendants(Provincial Governors)  Cabildo  Town Council  Republica de Espanoles  Republica de Indios  Caste System

15.  How did this segregation serve the Europeans?

16.  Settlement legacy?  Political Colonial Legacy?