1. 1 EPP2010 050516 International Cooperation and Coordination: KEK Introduction of KEK How a new HEP project is undertaken in Japan Current HEP priorities Toward ILC EPP 2010 050516 Y. Totsuka

2. 2 EPP2010 050516 Inter-University Research Corporation High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, KEK Staff (2004) Trustees 7 Researchers373 Technical staff161 Administrators158 Total699 Budget (2005) 417 (oku-yen) Visitors (2004) 3985 (784 foreigners) GD Selection Committee Director-General Accelerator Research Laboratory Applied Research Laboratory J-PARC Project Office Institute of Particle and Nuclear Study Institute of Materials Structure Science Radiation Low Temperature Computer Engineering Management Council Education & Research Council ILC Project Office

3. 3 EPP2010 050516 KEKB (8GeVe - x3.5GeVe + ) 12GeV PS Terminated in Dec 2005 e + & e - LINAC 2.5GeV PF 6.5GeV PF-AR K2K  beamline Terminated BELLE Tsukuba Campus:153 ha Spallation neutron source LE muon source Terminated in March 2006 ATF (Accelerator Test Facility) STF

4. 4 EPP2010 050516 J-PARC jointly with JAERI LINAC 3GeV PS 50 GeV PS Neutrino beamline K-arena

5. 5 EPP2010 050516 How a new HEP project is undertaken in Japan Japanese HEP community discusses and recommends a few prioritized projects to KEK. KEK and MEXT (funding agency) discuss budgetary constraints. KEK submits a formal proposal to MEXT by picking up a realistic one among the projects recommended by the community MEXT asks a standing committee to review and approve it Sub-committee for Basic Science under Committee for Science and Technology, MEXT Approval from other committees is necessary, if the project is conducted jointly with other institute  J-PARC. Final approval by CSTP, Cabinet Office (~ OSTP in the US)

6. 6 EPP2010 050516 CSTP (Committee for Science and Technology Policy): Members  Prime minister, 6 ST-related ministers, 4 full-time science/engineers, and 3 part-time scientists/engineers CSTP

7. 7 EPP2010 050516 Mission Policy to promote ST in a general and organized way Policy on budget and personnel for ST To review big projects According to the 2 nd ST 5-year basic plan (2001 – 2005) made by CSTP the government is expected to spend 20.7 Trillion \ (~ 200 B$), though 24 T\ was planned. Fraction of basic researches ~ 40% CSTP’s 3 rd 5-year basic plan (2006 – 2010) is under discussion and will be ready in February 2006. Large-scale ST proposals are reviewed, considering whether they are consistent with the ST basic plan. ILC would be the case like ITER. CSTP - 2

8. 8 EPP2010 050516 MEXT negotiates the budget with Ministry of Finance Examples: 12 GeV PS TRISTAN (e+e- collider) KEKB (e+e- collider) Super-Kamiokande K2K (neutrino beam line) J-PARC (3 and 50 GeV PS, under construction)  T2K (neutrino beam line) Cont.

9. 9 EPP2010 050516 196019701980199020002010 Photon factory (2.5 GeV) (1982) TRISTAN (30GeV e + 30GeV ｅ - ) (1986)(1994) KEKB (8GeV e - 3.5GeV e + ) (1999) J-PARC 50GeV p, 3 GeV p (2009) (1999) Electron synchrotron (1.3 GeV) (1961) Univ. Tokyo Tanashi Campus Proton synchrotron (12 GeV) (1976-2005)

10. 10 EPP2010 050516 KEK’s current priorities for HEP -1 Running the KEKB collider and the BELLE experiment Up to luminosity of 1000 fb -1 secured by CSTP  430 fb -1 so far  Could be achieved in 2008 BELLE is truly international.

11. 11 EPP2010 050516 -2 Construction and commissioning of J-PARC as scheduled Total construction cost (phase 1) ~ 1500 oku-yen Cost for operation, maintenance and experiments ~ 170 – 200 oku-yen / year, half supported by KEK T2K start in 2009 T2K will be international. Decay volume of the neutrino beamline Super-Kamiokande 295km 

12. 12 EPP2010 050516 -3 Active participation in ILC GDE and R&D Full use of ATF and STF (superconducting RF test facility under construction) ATF

13. 13 EPP2010 050516 Salaries: ……………………………………….. 72 72 J-PARC construction: ………………………. 83110 Computers: ……………………………………. 21 21 Operations, R&Ds and others: Electricity etc.: …………………………………. 53 50 KEKB:  Operation and maintenance: …………….. 18 16  R&D (crab cavities): ………………………. 5 7 LINAC: …………………………………………….. 5 5 BELLE maintenance etc.: ………………………. 7 7 LC R&D  ATF and STF:...………………………………. 4 5  Japan-US collaboration: ……..…………….. 3 5 PS: ………………………………………………….. 7 7 K2K, etc.: ………………………………………….. 3 1 LHC-ATLAS: ………………………………………. 2 4 J-PARC related: …………………………………..~ 9 12 KEK’s budget for FY05: 417 oku-yen 20042005HEP-related main items

14. 14 EPP2010 050516 Current discussion in Japanese HEP community ILC (energy-frontier e+e- collider) Highest priority To be discussed Super-KEKB (luminosity-frontier e+e- collider) Upgrade of J-PARC (4 MW PS) for neutrino physics

15. 15 EPP2010 050516 Toward ILC

16. 16 EPP2010 050516 2004 Statement from JHEPC (Japanese HEP Committee) Upon the ITRP's technology choice, the JHEPC, after leading the discussion in Japanese community as to how Japan should proceed to the new stage of the ILC researches after the decision, confirms as the consensus of the high energy physics community in Japan that scientists and engineers in Japan should cooperate to realize the ILC by actively participating in the activities of the Global Design Initiative (GDI) of the ILC. The JHEPC therefore urges that more scientists and engineers work on their own initiative in closer cooperation with industry for the ILC and play the leading role in the GDI. The JHEPC also supports KEK's proposal to host the Central Team of the GDI.

17. 17 EPP2010 050516 LC Forum: Cooperation with industry Objective Establish international and industrial collaboration scheme, Develop strategic scenario for technological R&D, Assess associated infrastructure and economic effects. Founded in 2002 Members JHEPC 63 industrial companies researchers from universities / institutes 3 working groups International collaboration Technology development Associated infrastructure

18. 18 EPP2010 050516 KEK As of 2002

19. 19 EPP2010 050516 1997, 2001, and 2004 statements from ACFA (Asian committee for future accelerators) Excerpt from 2004 statement: ACFA reaffirms that the ILC, the next major high-energy physics project, should be realized by world-wide efforts. In such International collaboration ACFA and scientists in ACFA countries should play crucial and leading roles. ACFA reconfirms the importance of hosting ILC in Asia, which will make high energy physics and accelerator science truly global. ACFA urges Japanese Government to fully support the efforts of KEK and Japanese scientists to host the ILC in Japan. ACFA urges KEK to establish the Asian Regional Center for R&D in GDI and encourages other Asian countries to actively participate in GDI. With ILC entering this important phase, ACFA urges Governments of Asian countries to support participation of their scientists in GDI.

20. 20 EPP2010 050516 2004 ICFA statement (excerpt) ICFA welcomes the January 2004 OECD Ministerial Statement on International Cooperation on Large Accelerator-based Projects in High-Energy Physics, which “acknowledged the importance of ensuring access to large-scale research infrastructure and the importance of the long-term vitality of high-energy physics. They noted the worldwide consensus of the scientific community, which has chosen an electron-positron linear collider as the next accelerator- based facility to complement and expand on the discoveries that are likely to emerge from the Large Hadron Collider currently being built at CERN. They agreed that the planning and implementation of such a large, multi-year project should be carried out on a global basis, and should involve consultations among not just scientists, but also representatives of science funding agencies from interested countries. Accordingly, Ministers endorsed the statement prepared by the OECD Global Science Forum Consultative Group on High-Energy Physics (see Appendix).” ICFA reaffirms its conviction that the highest priority for a new machine for particle physics is a linear electron-positron collider with an initial energy of 500 GeV, extendible up to about 1 TeV, with a significant period of concurrent running with the LHC.

21. 21 EPP2010 050516 Following the statements from JHEPC, ACFA and ICFA, KEK will actively participate in GDE design work and R&D to realize ILC, and strengthen joint work among Asian institutes. KEK signed for GDE-MOU. Asian MOU for R&D efforts toward the Realization of the ILC is under discussion.

22. 22 EPP2010 050516 KEK R&D effort - 1; ATF To produce the electron beams with the quality required for ILC 1.28 GeV

23. 23 EPP2010 050516 to demonstrate the beam focusing technologies that are consistent with ILC requirements to focus the beam down to a few tens of nm (rms) with a beam centroid stability within a few nm for a prolonged period of time AFT2-MOU is under discussion internationally

24. 24 EPP2010 050516 KEK R&D effort - 2; STF (Superconducting RF Test Facility)

25. 25 EPP2010 050516 ; 35MV/m ; 45MV/m

26. 26 EPP2010 050516 Conclusion KEK is the central institute for HEP in Japan currently running the KEKB collider and the BELLE experiment. (The T2K neutrino experiment is over.) building 3 and 50 GeV proton accelerators, J-PARC, jointly with JAERI.  The T2K neutrino experiment will start in 2009. KEK will further promote international cooperation. will strengthen ties with Asian institutes. actively participate in the world-wide endeavor of the ILC project, following the statements given by JHEPC, ACFA and ICFA.

27. 27 EPP2010 050516 Both LHC and ILC are necessary

28. 28 EPP2010 050516 Reaction Energy Year p-p(bar) collider e+e- collider Tevatron(2TeV) 2000 198019601940 LHC (14TeV) 4.5TeV 43GeV 140GeV 12GeV 50MeV 0.5MeV 2.9GeV 450GeV 14TeV LEP (120  200GeV) TRISTAN(JPN) PETRA/PEP SPEAR KEK PS SppS (540GeV) ILC (500  1000GeV) 1.4TeV Reaction energy = 2E* - 2m p, e AGSKEKB/PEP2

29. 29 EPP2010 050516 SPEAR KEKB/PEP2 Reactrion Energy Year p-p(bar) collider e+e- collider Tevatron(2TeV) 2000 198019601940 LHC (14TeV) 4.5TeV 43GeV 140GeV 12GeV 50MeV 0.5MeV 2.9GeV 450GeV 14TeV LEP (120  200GeV) TRISTAN(JPN) PETRA/PEP ILC (500  1000GeV) KEK PS SppS (540GeV) 1.4TeV Reaction energy = 2E* - 2m p, e 7 Li+p  2   meson prod antiproton Excited states 2 neutrinos Deep inelastic (exist of quarks) Tau lepton Neutrino osc Tau neutrino Gluons Charm quark Higgs SUSY ・・・・ CP violation W, Z Bottom quark Stand M. Top quark