1. AIM: To describe ways in which people use water and relate how water affects ecosystems. Do Now: Describe how your life would be different if we did not have clean water. HW: Article #3 due Friday

2. Potable Water Water that is SAFE to drink

3. Water Facts

4. Natural Disasters Can lead to unpotable water Ex: –Floods: mix sewage and sediments –Earthquakes: destroy piplelines

5. Residential Use of water Average person uses 300L /day Most is used for personal hygiene and cleaning Very little is used for drinking and cooking Other uses: –Gardening, landscaping, car washing, lawn sprinkler (40L/minute)

6. Industrial Use 44% is used for industry Transport goods, dispose of wastes, power source, coolant

7. Agricultural Use 47% of water is used for agriculture- largest user of water Uses 5X more than an average household Irrigation –Bringing water into an area for use in growing crops

8. Types of Irrigation 1.Flood Irrigation 2.Furrow Irrigation 3.Overhead Irrigation 4.Sub irrigation

9. Flood Irrigation Flooding a large, flat area of land Inexpensive Wasteful- –a lot of water is soaked into the soil without plants 50% is lost to evaporation

10. Furrow Irrigation Releases water into furrows (ditches) Water deposited closer to plants Some lost to evaporation

11. Overhead Irrigation Sprinkler systems Efficiency decreases if its windy Drip Irrigation –Tubing delivers water directly to roots –Expensive

12. Sub Irrigation Water is introduced below the soil Need and underground water source Most efficient- reduces evaporation

13. Effects of Water on Ecosystems Building dams Draining swamps Changing stream courses Mono Lake (saltwater lake) –Fed by runoff of melting snow and ice –Many waterfowl live there –1940’s- LA diverted runoff to other areas, water level dropped, salinity (salt) increased, led to a decrease in organisms

15. 1.Why should freshwater be used sparingly? 2.How much water is used by the average person in the United States? 3.What are some industrial uses of water? 4.For what purpose is most of the freshwater in the United States used? 5.What are the advantages and disadvantages of two common methods of irrigation? 6.What are some effects of water use of ecosystems?

16. 1.Because its availability is limited. 2.300L/day 3.Transport goods, dispose of wastes, generate power, coolant 4.Agricultural- irrigation 5.Flood- inexpensive and wasteful Furrow- more efficient, wasteful overhead- efficient, less if windy, drip (very efficient, expensive) sub- very efficient, need and underground water source 6. Destroy or change habitats of other living things