1. Project
Presented by:
Chargui Chaima

2. Plan Causes Consequences How can we save the world Definition
Type aspects of pollution
Causes
Consequences
How can we save the world

3. Definition

4. Definition
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change.  Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or 
light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. The Blacksmith Institute issues an annual list of the world's worst polluted places. In the 2007 issues the ten top nominees are located in Azerbaijan, China, India, Peru, Russia ,Ukraine and Zambia.

5. Type of pollution

6. Type of pollution
There are several types of pollution, and while they may come from different sources and have different consequences, understanding the basics about pollution can help environmentally conscious individuals minimize their contribution to these dangers. In total, there are nine recognized sources of pollution in the modern world. These sources of pollution don't simply have a negative impact on the natural world, but they can have a measurable effect on the health of human beings as well.

7. Different Types of pollution
Air pollution is defined as any contamination of the atmosphere that disturbs the natural composition and chemistry of the air. This can be in the form of particulate matter such as dust or excessive gases like carbon dioxide or other vapors that cannot be effectively removed through natural cycles, such as thecarbon cycle or the nitrogen cycle.

8. Different Types of pollution
Air pollution comes from a wide variety of sources. Some of the most excessive sources include:
Vehicle or manufacturing exhaust
Forest fires, volcanic eruptions, dry soil erosion, and other natural sources
Building construction or demolition
Depending on the concentration of air pollutants, several effects can be noticed. Smog increases, higher rain acidity, crop depletion from inadequate oxygen, and higher rates of asthma. Many scientists believe that global warming is also related to increased air pollution.

9. Different Types of pollution
Water pollution involves any contaminated water, whether from chemical, particulate, or bacterial matter that degrades the water's quality and purity. Water pollution can occur in oceans, rivers, lakes, and underground reservoirs, and as different water sources flow together the pollution can spread.

10. Different Types of pollution
Causes of water pollution include:
Increased sediment from soil erosion
Improper waste disposal and littering
Leaching of soil pollution into water supplies
Organic material decay in water supplies
The effects of water pollution include decreasing the quantity of drinkable water available, lowering water supplies for crop irrigation, and impacting fish and wildlife populations that require water of a certain purity for survival.

11. Different Types of pollution
Soil Pollution
Soil, or land pollution, is contamination of the soil that prevents natural growth and balance in the land whether it is used for cultivation, habitation, or a wildlife preserve. Some soil pollution, such as the creation of landfills, is deliberate, while much more is accidental and can have widespread effects.

12. Different Types of pollution
Soil pollution sources include:
Hazardous waste and sewage spills
Non-sustainable farming practices, such as the heavy use of inorganic pesticides
Strip mining, deforestation, and other destructive practices
Household dumping and littering
Soil contamination can lead to poor growth and reduced crop yields, loss of wildlife habitat, water and visual pollution, soil erosion, and desertification

13. Different Types of pollution
Noise pollution refers to undesirable levels of noises caused by human activity that disrupt the standard of living in the affected area. Noise pollution can come from:
Traffic
Airports
Railroads
Manufacturing plants
Construction or demolition
Concerts
Some noise pollution may be temporary while other sources are more permanent. Effects may include hearing loss, wildlife disturbances, and a general degradation of lifestyle.

14. Different Types of pollution
Thermal pollution is excess heat that creates undesirable effects over long periods of time. The earth has a natural thermal cycle, but excessive temperature increases can be considered a rare type of pollution with long term effects. Many types of thermal pollution are confined to areas near their source, but multiple sources can have wider impacts over a greater geographic area.

15. Different Types of pollution
Thermal pollution may be caused by:
Power plants
Urban sprawl
Air pollution particulates that trap heat
Loss of temperature moderating water supplies
As temperatures increase, mild climatic changes may be observed, and wildlife populations may be unable to recover from swift changes.

16. Different Types of pollution
Personal pollution is the contamination of one's body and lifestyle with detrimental actions. This may include:
Excessive smoking, drinking or drug abuse
Emotional or physical abuse
Poor living conditions and habits
Poor personal attitudes
In some cases, personal pollution may be inflicted by caregivers, while in other cases it is caused by voluntary actions. Taking positive steps in your life can help eliminate this and other sources of pollution so you can lead a more productive, satisfying life

17. Causes

18. Causes
Air pollution comes from both natural and human-made (anthropogenic) sources. However, globally human-made pollutants from combustion, construction, mining, agriculture and warfare are increasingly significant in the air pollution equation.[11]
Motor vehicle emissions are one of the leading causes of air pollution.[12][13][14] China, United States, Russia, India[15] Mexico, and Japan are the world leaders in air pollution emissions. Principal stationary pollution sources include chemical plants, coal-fired power plants, oil refineries,[16] petrochemical plants, nuclear waste disposal activity, incinerators, large livestock farms (dairy cows, pigs, poultry, etc.), PVC factories, metals production factories, plastics factories, and other heavy industry. Agricultural air pollution comes from contemporary practices which include clear felling and burning of natural vegetation as well as spraying of pesticides and herbicides[17]

19. Causes
About 400 million metric tons of hazardous wastes are generated each year.[18] The United States alone produces about 250 million metric tons.[19] Americans constitute less than 5% of the world's population, but produce roughly 25% of the world’s CO2,[20] and generate approximately 30% of world’s waste.[21][22] In 2007, China has overtaken the United States as the world's biggest producer of CO2,[23] while still far behind based on per capita pollution - ranked 78th among the world's nations.
In February 2007, a report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), representing the work of 2,500 scientists, economists, and policymakers from more than 120 countries, said that humans have been the primary cause of global warming since Humans have ways to cut greenhouse gas emissions and avoid the consequences of global warming, a major climate report concluded. But to change the climate, the transition from fossil fuels like coal and oil needs to occur within decades, according to the final report this year from the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

20. Causes
Some of the more common soil contaminants are chlorinated hydrocarbons (CFH), heavy metals (such as chromium, cadmium–found in rechargeable batteries, and lead–found in lead paint, aviation fuel and still in some countries, gasoline), MTBE, zinc, arsenic and benzene. In 2001 a series of press reports culminating in a book called Fateful Harvest unveiled a widespread practice of recycling industrial byproducts into fertilizer, resulting in the contamination of the soil with various metals. Ordinary municipal landfills are the source of many chemical substances entering the soil environment (and often groundwater), emanating from the wide variety of refuse accepted, especially substances illegally discarded there, or from pre-1970 landfills that may have been subject to little control in the U.S. or EU. There have also been some unusual releases of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, commonly called dioxins for simplicity, such as TCDD.[26]

21. Causes
Pollution can also be the consequence of a natural disaster. For example, hurricanes often involve water contamination from sewage, and petrochemical spills from ruptured boats or automobiles. Larger scale and environmental damage is not uncommon when coastal oil rigs or refineries are involved. Some sources of pollution, such as nuclear power plants or oil tankers, can produce widespread and potentially hazardous releases when accidents occur.
In the case of noise pollution the dominant source class is the motor vehicle, producing about ninety percent of all unwanted noise worldwide.

22. Consequences

23. Consequenses
Poor quality?? Air in big cities problematic for people with breathing difficulties.
Global warming. It increases?? Evaporation?? Water and therefore increases the contrast in climate. C??'s To say that?? Raining there when it was raining even before, and vice versa for regions rather desert. The?? Draining of large lakes (especially in Africa) and melting glaciers reduce reserves?? Freshwater catastrophically.
Land pollution by industries that use heavy metals that end up in the soil or in the aquifer in the worst case. Remediation of derelict industrial land is very expensive and is only considered when the pollution reached health of people living nearby.
Unfortunately, this pollution could very well surprise us with other effects even more catastrophic increase in sea level (already observed) or the increase in global average temperature.
That said, we note that the number of hurricanes and typhoons is increasing and that this phenomenon is also observed in the southern hemisphere. It could also be that Europe is the victim of a new ice age. Indeed, the melting of the Greenland ice sheet would pour enough fresh water to stop the current of the Gulf Stream

24. How can we save the world

25. How you can save the world
On earth, many people use products every day to help them with their daily tasks. Unfortunately humans also hurt the natural environment with the manufacture and waste of these products. Smoke and fumes let off by factories build up in our atmosphere, and trap more heat in the earth. Carbon dioxide also depletes the ozone layer, which is a protective band around the earth that filters UV rays. The earth heats up due to the greenhouse effect. On earth, improper disposal of waste diseased animals and insects. Litter detracts from the beauty of our environment. However, there are a few ways you can help to stop pollution

26. How you can save the world
Steps1
Learn more. Go to your library, surf the web for solutions, and if you can talk to people that know more about it than you do. These will all help you have a better understanding about pollution.

27. How you can save the world
Steps2
Think small. All these little things add up if everyone does them.
Reduce, reuse, and recycle.
Lower the thermometer in the winter and and raise it in the summer, even if it's just by a few degrees.
Plant a tree.
Turn off the lights when you leave a room.

28. How you can save the world
Steps3
Speak out!
Tell people about what you know. Nobody is going to do it for you!
Write an article for your school or local newspaper.
Put up signs around your neighborhood.
Do whatever you can to get the word out there.
You and your friends might start a group that meets once a week. You can discuss issues and what you can do to help. Making a speech about preventing pollution can also get the word out.

29. How you can save the world
Steps4
Stop using paper towels and other disposable items! Instead of using paper towels to dry dishes, use a dish towel. Buy reusable grocery bags instead of getting new ones every time you go grocery shopping.

30. How you can save the world
Steps5
Only use your car when you need to. Walk or ride a bicycle when you can. If it is available where you live, take public transportation such as a train or a bus.

31. How you can save the world
Steps6
Car pool. If your neighbor is heading the same way as you are pick him up. The next trip, reverse the process. That way, you are saving fuel and money as well as decreasing pollution.

32. Thank you for your attention