1. One-Seg & Mobile broadcasting DOCUMENT #:GSC13-GRSC6-16r1 FOR:Presentation SOURCE:ARIB (NHK) AGENDA ITEM:GRSC-6 4.3 (Mobile Multimedia) CONTACT(S):fujita.m-ke@nhk.or.jp Masami Fujita Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK) Submission Date: July 8, 2008

2. 2 Digital Terrestrial TV service in Japan –On December 1, 2003, Japan launched digital terrestrial television broadcasting (DTTB) using the Integrated Service Digital Broadcasting - Terrestrial (ISDB-T) transmission system. –ISDB-T is recommended in Rec. ITU-R BT.1306. –ISDB-T is robust transmission system because it uses OFDM and time interleaving. One-Seg –One-segment services for handheld receivers (called “One-Seg”) can be provided simultaneously with one 6MHz TV channel, in addition to HDTV (or multi-channel SDTV). –On April 1, 2006, One-Seg services began in Japan. –More than 30 million One-Seg receivers have been shipped so far. –Various kinds of One-Seg receivers are available on the market. –One-Seg is provided free of charge. Highlight of Current Activities (1) to slide 8,9

3. 3 Highlight of Current Activities (2) BST-OFDM technology –NHK developed the Band Segmented Transmission OFDM (BST- OFDM) technology for ISDB-T in 1996. –ISDB-T consists of 13 OFDM segments. –The system supports hierarchical transmissions of up to three layers, and parameters can be changed in each layers. –Typically we use two layers. One is a layer for HDTV with 12 segments using 64QAM, and the other is a layer for One-Seg with 1 segment using QPSK. –Example of Information bit rate is 16.85Mbps (for HDTV) and 416kbps (for One-Seg). Features of One-Seg –Not only video & audio, but data, closed caption, and Electric Program Guide are transmitted in One-Seg. –One-Seg is a new medium that realizes the convergence of broadcasting & communications on the mobile terminal. to slide 10,11

4. 4 Strategic Direction Termination of Analog TV services –Plans call for digital terrestrial broadcasting to reach all homes in Japan by July 2011. –By July 2011, both analog terrestrial and satellite broadcasting are scheduled to be terminated. –At this point, Japan will have completed the transition to all-digital TV broadcasting. Digital Radio –Digital terrestrial radio (DR) test transmission started in October 2003. –Programs are transmitted by the Digital Radio Promotion Association (DRP), a licensed broadcasting corporation run jointly by NHK, several commercial radio stations, etc. –DR uses a vacant VHF TV channel (CH-7) for the test transmission. –ISDB-T SB (Sound Broadcasting) transmission system is adopted for DR. to slide 12,13

5. 5 Challenges Recent topics in One-Seg –Independent program service It is possible to broadcast independent program service in One-Seg (non-simultaneous program to 12 segments) from April 2008 by legal changes. NTV started to broadcast independent One-Seg test service for sports programs. NHK announced the start of independent One-Seg service using educational channel from April 2009. –Multi-channel service in One-Seg It is possible to send up to 3 programs in One-Seg. TOKYO MX started 2 programs One-Seg service when they broadcast multi-channel service from June 2008. Research & Development in One-Seg –NHK have been developing Connected One-Seg Re-transmission System. –NHK have been developing Automatic Activation of One-Seg Receivers by emergency warning broadcast system. (See slide 20,21)

6. 6 Next Steps/Actions VHF/UHF rearrangement after analog TV termination –Frequency bandwidth for terrestrial television will be reduced from 370MHz to 240MHz. –VHF Low (18MHz) & VHF High (14.5MHz) will be allocated for non-TV broadcasting services. (e.g., Multimedia broadcasting for mobile receivers) Multimedia broadcasting for mobile receivers –There’s a chance to start new multimedia broadcasting services for mobile receivers with VHF Low & VHF High. –ISDB-T SB, ISDB-T mm (Mobile Multimedia), etc are now under consideration for new services. –One-Seg, ISDB-T SB, and ISDB-T mm are all ISDB-T family that introduce the BST-OFDM technology. (See slide 22) –VHF Low would be assigned for local services, and VHF High would be assigned for national services according to the report about the multimedia broadcasting. –The report said it is necessary to fix the industries that will provide new services by the middle of 2010 to start broadcasting after July 2011. –ARIB is now preparing for the new download services for multimedia broadcasting. to slide 14

7. 7 Supplemental Slides

8. 8 Number of receivers - Digital Terrestrial TV service in Japan / One-Seg - million Digital terrestrial broadcasting 12/2003 4/2006 One-Seg service *1 Digital television + Terrestrial digital tuner + Cable digital STB ( Total number of Television: about 115 million, 7/2007 ) Number of receivers of Digital terrestrial broadcasting & Mobile phone with One-Seg tuner *2 Mobile phone with One-Seg tuner ( Total number of Mobile phone: 103 million, 4/2008 ) Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association, etc More than 30,000 million One-seg receivers

9. 9 One-Seg receivers - Digital Terrestrial TV service in Japan / One-Seg - Mobile Phones Portable Games PCs with One-Seg Car Navigators Portable Dictionary Portable Players USB type One-Seg tuners (From Homepage) to slide 3

10. 10 13 Segments, Channel Bandwidth : 5.57MHz On-air program Data service 12 Segments 1 Segment HDTV 64QAM FEC = 3/4 (16.851Mbps) 12 Segs1 Seg QPSK FEC = 2/3 (416kbps) (6/14 MHz) 12 Segments & 1 Segment (ISDB-T) - BST-OFDM technology / Features of One-Seg -

11. 11 Watching TV program and reading data on TV Watch TVInternetTV & InternetTV & Data ＢＭＬ Broadcasting station ＢＭＬ Watching TV program on full screen Watching TV program and reading data on the Internet Viewing or reading on the Internet Broadcasting station BroadcastingCommunicationsConvergence to slide 4 ＢＭＬ, HTML Convergence of Broadcasting & Communications - BST-OFDM technology / Features of One-Seg -

12. 12 Terrestrial 2000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020122011 Satellite Analog SD Digital 12/2003 4/2006 One-Seg Analog SD Analog HD was over 10/2007 12/2000 Digital Digital Radio 10/2003 Test transmission 24/7/2011 will be over 7/2011 will be over 7/2011 Timeline of Digital Broadcasting services - Termination of Analog TV services / Digital Radio -

13. 13 ISDB-T SB (Digital Radio) - Termination of Analog TV services / Digital Radio - 13 Segments, Channel Bandwidth : 5.57MHz ハイビジョ ン Video ※ Data service 1 Segment 1 Seg QPSK FEC = 1/2 (330kbps) TS1TS2TS3TS4TS5TS6TS7TS8TS9TS10TS11TS12TS13 3 Segments TS1TS2 Image ※ NHK will start video services from July 2008 ISDB-T SB (Sound Broadcasting) 1 & 3 Segments are used in ISDB-T SB Digital Radio test transmission started from 10/2003 (8 segments, VHF 7ch) to slide 5

14. 14 Rearrangement of VHF/UHF - VHF/UHF rearrangement after analog TV termination - Analog TV Broadcasting 90-108MHz 1 ～ 3ch 170-222MHz 4 ～ 12ch 470-770MHz 13 ～ 62ch 18MHz52MHz300MHz 18MHz32.5MHz240MHz14.5MHz10MHz40MHz GB 5MHz 470-710MHz 13 ～ 52ch 730-770MHz 715-725MHz 90-108MHz170-202.5MHz207.5-222MHz （ GB 5MHz ） Now Analog TV Broadcasting Analog TV Broadcasting Digital TV Broadcasting Future Plan Digital TV Broadcasting(1)(2)(1)(3)(4) (1) Non TV Broadcasting => e.g., Multimedia broadcasting for mobile receivers (2) Private Telecommunication (Protection against disasters, etc) (3) Intelligent Transport Systems (4) Telecommunications Schedule plan (1) (2) after July 25, 2011 (3) (4) after July 25, 2012 (VHF Low)(VHF High) to slide 6

15. 15 Chipset of One-Seg receiver - One-Seg - SHARP documents Example of One-Seg receiver’s Chipset Dimensions9mm×9mm×1.4mm Sensitivity-109.6dBm ～ -105.2dBm Power consumption77mW ～ 105mW

16. 16 12 Segments1 segment ReceptionFixed (Mobile)Mobile Modulation64QAMQPSK Code ratio3/42/3 Guard interval 1/8 (126  s) Bit rate16.851Mbps416kbps ※ 1 Video codingMPEG-2 (30fps) H.264 (15fps) 16:9(320×180), 4:3(320×240) Audio codingMPEG-2 AACMPEG-2 AAC+SBR ※ 2 Data broadcastingBML (XHTML) A ProfileBML (XHTML) C Profile Electric Program Guide OK (Now + Next + 8days) OK (Now + Next + 8programs) Closed captionOK Copy controlYes CASYesNo Example parameters for digital terrestrial television broadcasting ※ 2 Spectral Band Replication ※ 1 Example: Video (224kbps), Audio (55kbps), Data (80kbps), Closed caption (5kbps), EPG (20kbps), Control (32kbps) 12 Segments & 1 Segment (ISDB-T) - BST-OFDM technology -

17. 17 Video coding Audio coding Data/ EPG coding Video Audio Data/EPG 12 segs Video coding Audio coding Data/ EPG coding Video Audio Data/EPG 1 seg Multiplexing Conditional Access Source coding TS Re-MuxOuter code (RS)Hierarchical separation Energy dispersal Delay compensation Byte interleaveInner codeBit interleaveMapping Energy dispersalByte interleaveInner codeBit interleaveMapping Delay compensation 12 segs 1 seg Layer synthesis & rate conversion Time interleaveFrequency interleave IFFTGuard interval addition D/AUp converterPower Amp Antenna OFDM frame configuration Pilot TMCC Aux channel Channel coding 1 seg 12 segs Source coding Configuration of Digital transmission - BST-OFDM technology -

18. 18 Digital Radio - Tokyo area DRP homepage Osaka area Digital Terrestrial Radio test transmission started in October 2003, using a vacant VHF TV channel (CH-7). Programs are transmitted by the Digital Radio Promotion Association (DRP), a licensed broadcasting corporation run jointly by NHK, several commercial radio stations in Tokyo and Osaka, and some new entrants into the digital radio market. 2.4kW 240W Digital Radio receiver (KDDI) (About 1.8 million receivers, 6/2008)

19. 19 TOKYO MX homepage One-Seg 1One-Seg 2 Multi-channel service in One-Seg - Recent topics in One-Seg -

20. 20 Connected One-Seg Re-transmission System - Research & Development in One-Seg - ch1 Connected One-Seg re-transmission system Combines only One-Seg signals ch9 ch10ch11ch12 ch13 ch8 ch4 ch6 ch1 ch3 ch5 6MHz ch7 Air Re-transmission Frequency aboveground underground ch2 ・ NHK developed a "connected One-Seg re-transmission system" that extracts One-Seg signals from the digital terrestrial broadcast-waves received from individual broadcasters and combines them into a single signal for re-transmission over a channel that is different from any of the receiving channels. ・ A maximum of thirteen One-Seg signals can be re-transmitted. It will be possible to offer community broadcasting localized to a particular area for re-transmission, in addition to One-Seg services from every broadcaster. ch2ch3ch4ch5ch7ch8 ISDB-T Community One- Seg signals ch6 ch9-13 Frequency

21. 21 Automatic Activation of One-Seg Receivers by EWS - Research & Development in One-Seg - ・ Among the 432 carriers used for One-Seg service, four carriers transmit the activation flag for emergency warning broadcasting. Increasing this to all four carriers, from the previously used two carriers that transmitted the activation flag signal, improved reception sensitivity without increasing power consumption. ・ NHK will work toward the actual implementation of One-Seg and radio receiver with the EWS reception function. ・ The EWS (Emergency Warning broadcast System) automatically activates receivers when a disaster happens, such as an earthquake or Tsunami. ・ NHK developed EWS compatible adaptor that can be connected to a One-Seg receiver. ・ The low power consumption achieved by performing intermittent reception of the One- Seg activation flag, which is transmitted approximately every 0.2 seconds, showed the prospect of continuous standby operation for about two weeks without recharging. Prototype of EWS adaptor

22. 22 ISDB-T mm - Multimedia broadcasting for mobile receivers - ・ ISDB-T mm (Mobile Multimedia) is new multimedia broadcast method that is based on the ISDB-T international standard. ・ The features of ISDB-T mm is flexible structure of segments. ・ It is possible to download the contents through the air. ・ MMBP (MultiMedia Broadcasting Planning LLC) was created in December 2006 for the purpose of surveying and researching new mobile multimedia broadcast technologies and business models. MMBP started field testing of ISDB-T mm in March 2008 using the Tokyo Tower. Impress AV Watch Demonstration of ISDB-T mm ISDB-T, ISDB-T SB, ISDB-T mm

23. 23 Transmission ParameterMode 1Mode 2Mode 3 No. of OFDM segments13 Bandwidth5.575 MHz5.573 MHz5.572 MHz Carrier interval3.968 kHz1.984 kHz0.992 kHz No. of carriers140528095617 Modulation system QPSK ， 16QAM ， 64QAM ， DQPSK Effective symbol length 252  s504  s 1.008 ms Guard-interval length1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 of effective symbol length No. of symbols per frame204 Time interleaveMaximum 4 values: 0, about 0.13, 0.25, 0.5 sec Frequency interleaveIntra-segment or inter-segment interleaving Inner codeConvolutional coding (1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8) Outer codeRS (204, 188) Information bit rate3.65 Mpbs - 23.23 Mbps Hierarchical transmissionMaximum 3 levels Basic transmission parameters for terrestrial digital television broadcasting Basic transmission parameters

24. 24 ARIB standards and ITU-R recommendations for ISDB-T ARIB standards, ITU-R recommendations

25. 25 The emblem are hidden in a program Discover the emblem ! Take the emblem into treasure box. → recorded to NVRAM Example of data broadcasting in One-Seg “MobiTreasure” MobiTreasure is a treasure-hunt game that employs the most important feature of One-Seg services, i.e., seamless integration of data broadcasting and the Internet.

26. 26 Example of mobile VOD using closed caption as metadata. Example of mobile VOD through the internet using closed caption as metadata (3) Viewing (1) Search (2) Reading Keywords “Pitch Shot” It enables users to search by keywords. User can scroll through the text of program stories like a electric book. User can view a video clip from the point he clicks.