1. June 13, 2007 Access Management Program

2. NHCRP Report 420 - Impacts of Access Management Techniques Source: NHCRP Report 420, TRB 1999 Composite Crash Rate Indices 1 1.3 1.7 2.1 2.8 4.1 0 1 2 3 4 5 102030405060 Access Points per Mile Crash Rate Index Schedule

3. Design Team Responsibilities Create a consensus regarding design elements for the access management program. Ensure that Districts have input Provide recommendations to the State Engineer -3-

4. The Roadway Design Guide and other ADOT guides and policies are not regulatory RDG Permit Rules Internal Policy No prescribed legal standards ADOT Staff ADOT consultants No 3 rd Parties, No appeals ADOT final say Not enforceable Arizona Administrative Code Meets prescribed legal standards 3 rd Parties (public) The weight of Law Subject to legal review Enforceable May be appealed

5. RDG - Permit Rule Roadway design Guidance (mostly) Relies on Professional Engineering judgment No enforcement needed Entirely ADOT discretion. Little judgment Little flexibility Clear, concise Enforceable Applies only to access decisions

6. What are the legal issues to ensure design strength and permit enforcement ? Access permitting regulates property rights Permit requirements must be regulatory Only by weight of law can ADOT have enforcement powers ADOT must meet established legal standards for Rule format, language, clarity. Rule must be understandable to those whom do business with ADOT (the public)

7. Access Classification System Sets the system hierarchy The access classification determines the answer to the questions: - May I have access to the state highway? - Where should the access be located? - What type of access may I have? - What are the major design elements?

8. Access Category Assignment Status

9. Arizona State Highway (Draft) Access Management Categories FW (freeway) MR (major regional) RA (rural principal)UA (urban principal) RB (rural secondary) UB (urban mixed) UC (urban secondary) SF (service and frontage roads)

10. Access Category Design Issues Standards for granting or denying access requests. Spacing of intersections & signals. Volume warrants for turn lanes

11. Suggested turn volume warrants for turn lane

12. Rule Level Access Design Elements If the request qualifies for highway access, what will ADOT require? Which design elements must be in Regulation to provide enforcement “teeth” Which permit elements are expensive What can be left in the various ADOT ‘internal’ policies and guides?

13. Rule Level Access Design Elements Access Spacing (location) Sight distance requirements Turn Lane design (decel, Accel & storage lengths) Driveway Geometrics Medians (type, when open) Legal Enforcement of design permit terms and condition

14. Rule Level Access Design Elements Selection of the Design Vehicle Drainage (retention, MS4, system design) Cattle guards, gates & location Emergency access only. Earthwork (side slopes, specs, erosion) Design Variances Exception and Waiver Procedures