1. Anything that has mass and takes up space!
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space!

2. Physical Properties
Physical Properties can be observed or measured without changing the substance
Physical Properties can help you identify an object

3. Examples of Physical Properties you can observe with your senses
Color
Shape
Taste
State
Texture
Shiny/dull
Scent

4. Some Physical Properties you need to measure
You an use a ruler to measure the length, width, or height of an object.

5. Some Physical Properties you need to measure
You can use a balance or scale to measure the mass of an object

6. Some Physical Properties you need to measure
You can use a graduated cylinder to measure the volume of a liquid

7. Some Physical Properties you need to measure
You can put an object in water to see if it dissolves.
If it does, we say that it is soluble in water

8. Some Physical Properties you need to measure
Melting and Boiling Points are physical properties of matter.

9. Some Physical Properties you need to measure
Melting Point = The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid
Water is a liquid above 32 degrees Fahrenheit (0 degrees Celsius) and below 212 degrees Fahrenheit (100 degrees Celsius)

10. Some Physical Properties you need to measure
Boiling Point = the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas
Water is a gas (water vapor) above 212 degrees Fahrenheit (100 degrees Celsius)

11. Some Physical Properties you need to measure
Will an item float in water?
Density and buoyancy are physical properties!

12. How do you calculate density?
Density = mass divided by volume
The density of water is 1 gram/cm3
If the density of the object is less than 1 gram/cm3, the item will float
If the density of the object is greater than 1 gram/cm3, the item will sink

13. Physical Changes
A physical change is a change of the state, appearance, shape, size, or texture of a substance.
A physical change does not change the identity of a substance.

14. Examples of Physical Changes
Crushing an pop can

15. Examples of Physical Changes
Tearing or cutting a piece of paper

16. Examples of Physical Changes
Breaking a pencil

17. Examples of Physical Changes
A melting ice cream cone

18. Examples of Physical Changes
Water evaporating

19. Examples of Physical Changes
Water condensing to form a cloud

20. Chemical Properties
A chemical property tells us how a substance will behave during a chemical reaction.
Chemical changes happen during a chemical reaction.

21. Examples of Chemical Properties
Flammability = how easily a substance will catch on fire

22. Examples of Chemical Properties
Will an item rust?
Some materials rust (iron)
Other materials do not rust (aluminum)

23. Chemical Changes
A chemical change results in the formation of one or more new substances
Chemical changes occur all around us!
Chemical changes are happening in your body right now!

24. Chemical Changes are due to Chemical Reactions

25. What happens during a Chemical Reaction?
Chemical Reaction = the process by which new substances are formed
Chemical Reactions are irreversible

26. What happens during a Chemical Reaction?
During a Chemical Reaction, the atoms are rearranged and a new substance is formed
This new substance often has different physical and chemical properties compared to the original substance

27. Examples of Chemical Reactions that cause Chemical Changes
Digestion = stomach acids digest your food

28. Examples of Chemical Reactions that cause Chemical Changes
Cellular Respiration = cells release the energy stored in food

29. Examples of Chemical Reactions that cause Chemical Changes
Cooking = uses heat to change substances (eggs, sugar, butter, etc.) into new substances (cookies)

30. Examples of Chemical Reactions that cause Chemical Changes
Burning = wood is changed into ash, smoke, heat, and light

31. Examples of Chemical Reactions that cause Chemical Changes
Rusting = oxygen reacts with some metals and changes them into new materials

32. Examples of Chemical Reactions that cause Chemical Changes
Photosynthesis = green plants use the energy of the sun to change carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen

33. Other Common Chemical Reactions
Hydrogen + Oxygen = Water
Iron + Oxygen = Rust
Sodium + Chlorine = Table Salt
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Baking cookies
Yummy! 

34. How do you know when a chemical change has occurred?
Signs that a chemical change has occurred include:
Change in temperature
The release of a gas
Fire &/or smoke
Change in color
Light is produced

35. What happens to the amount of matter during a chemical change?
Is the amount of matter increased?
Is the amount of matter decreased?

36. During a chemical change, there is no increase or decrease in the quantity of matter.
In other words, the number of atoms does not increase or decrease; they just get rearranged.

37. Law of Conservation of Matter
Matter cannot be created or destroyed, but it can change form.
The total amount of matter and energy available in the universe is a fixed amount.
There is never any more or less

38. Law of Conservation of Matter
The number of atoms on each side of a chemical equation needs to be the same.
This is called balancing equations.
We balance equations because of the Law of Conservation of Matter

39. Let’s balance some equations!
Table Salt

40. Let’s balance some equations!
Water Formation

41. Let’s balance some equations!
Photosynthesis

42. Matter = anything that has mass and takes up space.
Review
Matter = anything that has mass and takes up space.

43. Review
Physical properties of matter can be described by using our senses (color, shape, scent, etc.)
Physical properties of matter can be measured (mass, volume, density, melting and boiling point, etc.)

44. Review
Matter can be described by how it will behave during a chemical reaction
Some chemical properties include flammability and the ability of a substance to rust

45. Review Changes to matter can be physical or chemical.
Some changes do not change the makeup of the matter (physical changes)
Examples of physical changes include: cutting, freezing, crushing, breaking, melting, evaporating, etc.

46. Review
Some changes turn the matter into entirely different substances (chemical changes)
Examples of chemical changes include: burning, rusting, cooking, digesting, photosynthesis, cellular respiration, etc.

47. Review Signs that a chemical change has occurred include:
Change in temperature
The release of a gas
Fire &/or smoke
Change in color
Light is produced

48. Review
The Law of Conservation of Matter states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, but it can change form.