1. Physical & Chemical Properties of Matter

2. Physical Properties
Physical property – any characteristic that can be observed without changing the composition of the substance

3. Examples of Physical Properties
Viscosity – a liquids resistance to flowing
Conductivity – ability to allow heat to flow
Malleability – ability to be shaped with a hammer
Hardness

4. Examples, cont.
Melting point – temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid
Boiling point – temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas
Density = mass/volume (“heavy” vs “light”)

5. Using Physical Properties
Used to identify unknown materials
Ex: used in forensics to solve crimes
Used to choose appropriate material for a job
Used to separate mixtures
Filtration – separates materials based on particle size
Distillation – separate solutions based on boiling points

6. Chemical Properties
Chemical property – produces a change in the composition of the matter

7. Chemical Properties
Flammability – material’s ability to burn in the presence of oxygen
Reactivity – ability to combine chemically with another substance

8. Recognizing Chemical Changes
A change in color (brief video)
Production of a gas (bubbles video)
Formation of a precipitate (brief precipitation video)
Precipitate – a solid that forms and separates from a liquid

9. Physical vs Chemical Change
Physical change – occurs when some properties of a material changes, but substances in the material stays the same
Example: melting of ice
Chemical change – substance reacts and forms a new substance
Example: rusting of a nail