1. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 1 ATLAS Detector – status and plans David Lissauer Brookhaven National Lab. ATLAS Technical Coordination APS meeting April 14 th, 2007

2. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 2 ALICE : heavy ions ATLAS and CMS : pp, general purpose ATLAS and CMS : pp, general purpose Physics Runs expected to start in 2008 LHC Complex  s = 14 TeV (7 times higher than Tevatron/FNAL) L design = 10 34 cm -2 s -1 (>10 2 higher than Tevatron/FNAL) LHCb : pp, B-physics

3. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 3 25 ns Event rate in ATLAS : N = L x  (pp)  10 9 interactions/s 25 n-sec Beam Crossing  40 MHz ~ 25 Pile up events / Crossing Interesting events are rare (high-pT )  The Experimental Challenge

4. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 4 Cross Sections and Production Rates Inelastic proton-proton reactions: 10 9 / s bb pairs 5 10 6 / s tt pairs 8 / s W  e  150 / s Z  e e 15 / s Higgs (150 GeV) 0.2 / s Gluino, Squarks (1 TeV) 0.03 / s Rates for L = 10 34 cm -2 s -1 : (LHC) LHC is a factory for: top-quarks, b-quarks, W, Z The Challenge: Select the right events Measure event properties

5. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 5 ATLAS Physics Goals Search for: Standard Model Higgs boson over ~ 115 < m H < 1000 GeV Physics beyond the SM up to the TeV-range Supersymmetry, q/ compositeness, leptoquarks, W’/Z’, Extra-dimensions …. Precise measurements : W mass top mass, couplings and decay properties Higgs mass, spin, couplings (if Higgs found) B-physics: CP violation, rare decays, B 0 oscillations QCD jet cross-section and  s ….

6. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 6 LHC schedule Official schedule: Beam Pipe closed September ’07 Beam Injection October ’07 1 st collisionsDecember ’07 (450x450) 1 st collisions (Physics) ~June ’08 (14 TEV) CERN DG is committed to the schedule. Magnets commissioning is a challenge. Effect of Triplet catastrophic failure test still unknown. An official update to the schedule is expected in May/June. (450 GeV run will probably be delayed or merged with start up – NOT official) June ’08:7 x 7 TeV Start up (43 Bunches ) ~August ’08:7 x 7 TeV (75 n-sec) ~October ’08:7 x 7 TeV (25 n-sec)

7. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 7 End of ’08/’09 10 33 ~June ’08 10 30 Fall ’08 10 32 Gradual Luminosity ramp up

8. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 8 The ATLAS Collaboration International ATLAS 35 Countries 164 Institutions 1800 Scientific Authors US ATLAS: 40 Institutions > 400 Scientific Authors Albany, Alberta, NIKHEF Amsterdam, Ankara, LAPP Annecy, Argonne NL, Arizona, UT Arlington, Athens, NTU Athens, Baku, IFAE Barcelona, Belgrade, Bergen, Berkeley LBL and UC, HU Berlin, Bern, Birmingham, Bologna, Bonn, Boston, Brandeis, Bratislava/SAS Kosice, Brookhaven NL, Buenos Aires, Bucharest, Cambridge, Carleton, Casablanca/Rabat, CERN, Chinese Cluster, Chicago, Clermont-Ferrand, Columbia, NBI Copenhagen, Cosenza, AGH UST Cracow, IFJ PAN Cracow, DESY, Dortmund, TU Dresden, JINR Dubna, Duke, Frascati, Freiburg, Geneva, Genoa, Giessen, Glasgow, LPSC Grenoble, Technion Haifa, Hampton, Harvard, Heidelberg, Hiroshima, Hiroshima IT, Indiana, Innsbruck, Iowa SU, Irvine UC, Istanbul Bogazici, KEK, Kobe, Kyoto, Kyoto UE, Lancaster, UN La Plata, Lecce, Lisbon LIP, Liverpool, Ljubljana, QMW London, RHBNC London, UC London, Lund, UA Madrid, Mainz, Manchester, Mannheim, CPPM Marseille, Massachusetts, MIT, Melbourne, Michigan, Michigan SU, Milano, Minsk NAS, Minsk NCPHEP, Montreal, McGill Montreal, FIAN Moscow, ITEP Moscow, MEPhI Moscow, MSU Moscow, Munich LMU, MPI Munich, Nagasaki IAS, Nagoya, Naples, New Mexico, New York, Nijmegen, BINP Novosibirsk, Ohio SU, Okayama, Oklahoma, Oklahoma SU, Oregon, LAL Orsay, Osaka, Oslo, Oxford, Paris VI and VII, Pavia, Pennsylvania, Pisa, Pittsburgh, CAS Prague, CU Prague, TU Prague, IHEP Protvino, Regina, Ritsumeikan, UFRJ Rio de Janeiro, Rome I, Rome II, Rome III, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, DAPNIA Saclay, Santa Cruz UC, Sheffield, Shinshu, Siegen, Simon Fraser Burnaby, SLAC, Southern Methodist Dallas, NPI Petersburg, Stockholm, KTH Stockholm, Stony Brook, Sydney, AS Taipei, Tbilisi, Tel Aviv, Thessaloniki, Tokyo ICEPP, Tokyo MU, Toronto, TRIUMF, Tsukuba, Tufts, Udine, Uppsala, Urbana UI, Valencia, UBC Vancouver, Victoria, Washington, Weizmann Rehovot, FH Wiener Neustadt, Wisconsin, Wuppertal, Yale, Yerevan

9. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 9 The ATLAS Detector ~50m ~25 m ~26 m Overall Weight 7000 Tons - “light” “Ship in a bottle” Muon System Toroid System Calorimeter System Tracking System ~100 m Underground.

10. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 10 Magnet System End-Cap Toroid: 8 coils in a common cryostat Barrel Toroid: 8 separate coils Central Solenoid Solenoid Field in Inner Tracking Volume Air Core Toroid System Barrel Toroid EC Toroids Toroid Field for Muon system.

11. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 11 Central Solenoid - Installation 2T field with a stored energy of 38 MJ Solenoid Integrated with the barrel LAr Vacuum vessel. Integrated with the vacuum vessel February 2004. Tested at full current (8 kA) July 2004 (On Surface) Installed in the Pit end of ’05.

12. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 12 July – August 2006: Fully commissioned in-situ up to 8.0 kA The operation current is 7.73 kA for a field of 2.0 T 1 st August 2006: the solenoid is fully operational Field mapping machine in the Cryostat bore Central Solenoid Commissioning 250,000 points measured Agreement with calculation better than 10 Gauss

13. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 13 Barrel Toroid Last coil Installed. Jacks released Sept. 29 2005 Mechanical Assembly completed end of ’05. Assembly completed well within tolerance !!! 25 m 5 m

14. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 14 Barrel Toroid Construction Due to its size the Barrel Toroid had to come down in parts. Each Coil (25x5x1 m) had to be manipulated in to place.

15. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 15 Commissioning of Barrel Toroid Complicated field due to: coils aspect ratio Fe in the Tile Calorimeter and HS structure around the magnet. Cool down & Tests in Situ July/Sept ’06 ~2.5 month

16. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 16 Color scale max = 300 G Magnetic Field Mapping Barrel Field measured Diff. of up to 50 Gauss in outer chambers due to Fe distribution uncertainty Perturbation to the filed due to the Fe in the HS structure.

17. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 17 EC Toroid Moving to Cool down station EC Toroid moved to Cooling Station. Cooled down to LN 2 temperature on Surface. Ready for Installation in a few weeks.

18. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 18 2 nd End Cap Toroid integration Cold Mass Insertion in the Cryostat. Cool down to start in May. Cryostat Cold Mass Cover Turret assembly in preparation

19. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 19 Magnets Summary Central Solenoid - Commissioned Barrel Toroid - Commissioned ECT-A: Cool Down to LN 2 completed on Surface Ready for installation End of April ‘07 Installation June ‘07 ECT-C: Integration in B191 well advanced Cool down May/June ’07 Installation July ‘07 Full Toroid (Barrel +EC) test expected end of ‘07

20. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 20 Barrel Muon System (3 Layers) Forward Muon System Small wheel Assembly Big Wheels Assembly EO Chambers Muon System I  I < 2.7 Air-Core Toroid system High resolution: Monitored Drift tube CSC (Very Forward) Trigger Chambers: RPC and TGC

21. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 21 Barrel: precision and trigger chambers in 3 layers (588 stations): I (inner) - M (middle) - O(outer) The Barrel Muon System O M I MDT - Monitored Drift Tubes (layers: I,O,M) RPC - Resistive Plate Chambers (trigger) (layers M+M,O) Trigger chambers (RPC) rate capability required ~ 1 kHz/cm 2

22. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 22 Barrel Chamber Installation   99% of Chambers installed.   Chamber cables & Gas connections in progress   Commissioning ongoing.

23. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 23 Big Wheel –TGC1 assembly Building 40/TGC-1

24. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 24 Installation of MDT Wheel TGC1 – “Park Position”

25. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 25 Cosmic data taken with RPC,MDT,LV1 +Tile Commissioning Using Cosmic Rays. Muons recorded in sector 13

26. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 26 Muon System Summary   Barrel Muon: Installation Completed > 99% Chambers installed. Services installation (cables/gas) well under way. Chamber commissioning underway. Data taking with Cosmic Ray started in selected regions.   EC Muons: BW Side C:TGC/MDT Wheels completed - TGC2 on going BW Side A:TGC1 on going JD/SW (Side A&C):Surface Assembly. Installation of the Muon System will be completed before the end of the year.

27. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 27 Barrel Calorimeter: LAr Barrel EM Tile Barrel Hadronic EC Calorimeters: LAr EC Calorimeter EM Calorimeter Hadronic Calorimeter Forward Calorimeter Extended Barrel (Tile) Calorimeter Calorimeter System Tile barrel Tile extended barrel LAr forward cal. (FCAL) LAr hadronic endcap (HEC) LAr EM endcap (EMEC) LAr EM barrel Hermetic calorimeter Total Coverage: I  I < 5

28. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 28 The Calorimeters trigger and measure the ,e and hadron energies by total absorption in sampling mode. operate in a integrated dose of  and n, ranging up to few Mrad. maintain the energy scale precision at the 1% level. allow particle identification ( , e, jets,,..) --> longitudinal and transverse segmentation, preshower in the first X0s. Fine Granularity & Longitudinal Segmentation Barrel EM accordion, 0.025  x 0.025  Barrel HAD tiles, 0.10  x 0.10  a = 10%, b = 0.5%, c ~ 0.2 GeV

29. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 29 Lowering Barrel EM Calorimeter

30. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 30 November 4 th 2005: Barrel Calorimeter in run position Barrel Calorimeter Installation

31. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 31 LAr Cool-down gaseous N2 cooling liquid N2 cooling condensing Ar The barrel calorimeter has been cooled down and filled with 45Kl of liquid argon. Stable temperature T min = 88,2 K T max = 88,6 K Isolation Vacuum < 5x10 -7 Purity O 2 < 2 ppm (lower limit of the measurement) The calorimeter will now be kept cold for the duration of the experiment. (~ 20 Years)

32. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 32 EC-A in Open Position EC – A :cold and full of LAr. EC – C : Cooling down HV tests & front end electronics commissioning on going.

33. . LAr Barrel Commissioning APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. Commissioning - Noise Studies Coherent noise observed was generated by Tile calorimeter. Solution: add filters for the feedthrough heater connectors Tiles LVPS OFF Tiles LVPS ON 17 MHz peak

34. . LAr Barrel Commissioning APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. Comic Ray Event: Trigger on Tile Cal. Combine run for Tile + LAr.

35. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 35 Barrel Calorimeter: Installation completed Services installation completed LAr Cool down completed – calorimeter kept cold Commissioning Tile & LAr using cosmic ray & Calibration Ongoing EC Calorimeters: Mechanical Installation completed Services installation on going LAr- Side A Cold, Side C cooling down Commissioning Started Cosmic Ray – starting now. Calorimeter System Summary

36. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 36 Barrel ID (SCT/TRT): Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) (e/p Sep) ( 4 10 5 channels) Silicon Strip Detector (SCT) ( 6x10 6 channels) Pixel Detector ( 10 8 channels) EC ID (Side C and Side A): Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) Silicon Strip Detector (SCT) Pixel Detector Beryllium beampipe: Tracking System I  I < 2.5 B=2 Tesla

37. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 37 Barrel SCT/TRT integration on surface Insertion - February 17, 2006 Combined tests on surface in: April - June 2006 TRT SCT

38. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 38 Barrel SCT/TRT installation Installation 23-24 th Aug. 2006.

39. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 39 Barrel SCT/TRT Connected Feb 19 th ‘07

40. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 40 Barrel TRT Threshold scan Threshold distribution over the channels at which noise counting rate reaches level 300 kHz. Each picture shows 50,000 channels SR1 Pit Performance in the Pit as good as in the Lab

41. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 41 Pixel Layer 2 – half shell Pixel Layer 2, once clamped, inside Pixels assembly on the surface. Pixel ECs at CERN Pixel Package is close to being ready for installation.

42. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 42 ID System Summary   Services installation nearly complete.   Barrel SCT/TRT installation completed.   EC SCT/TRT ready for installation on the surface (May/June).   Pixel + Beryllium beam pipe installation in June.   Barrel commissioning ongoing.   Commissioning of full system July-October ’07.

43. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 43 High-Level Trigger LEVEL-1 TRIGGER Coarse granularity from calorimeter & muon systems 2  s latency (2.5  s pipelines) TRIGGER : THREE LEVELS LEVEL-2 TRIGGER Regions-of-Interest “seeds” Full granularity for all subdetector systems O(10 ms) target CPU time EVENT FILTER “Seeded” by Level 2 result Full event access Offline-like Algorithms O(1 s) target CPU time FIRST PART OF ATLAS RECONSTRUCTION AND PHYSICS EVENT SELECTION 40 MHz ~75 kHz ~2 kHz 200 Hz Rates

44. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 44 Counting Room Electronics Phase 1 commissioning has really started Readout Electronics installation on going. DCS (Slow control) operational (Part of the system).

45. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 45 SDX1 USA15 UX15 ATLAS – Counting & Control rooms ATLAS detector Read- Out Drivers ( RODs ) First- level trigger Read-Out Subsystems ( ROSs ) UX15 USA15 Dedicated links Timing Trigger Control (TTC) 1600 Read- Out Links Gigabit Ethernet RoI Builder pROS Regions Of Interest VME ~150 PCs Data of events accepted by first-level trigger Event data requests Delete commands Requested event data stores LVL2 output Event data pushed @ ≤ 100 kHz, 1600 fragments of ~ 1 kByte each Second- level trigger LVL2 Super- visor SDX1 DataFlow Manager Event Filter (EF) pROS ~ 500~1600 stores LVL2 output dual-CPU nodes ~100~30 Network switches Event data pulled: partial events @ ≤ 100 kHz, full events @ ~ 3 kHz Event rate ~ 200 Hz Data storage Local Storage SubFarm Outputs (SFOs) LVL2 farm Network switches Event Builder SubFarm Inputs (SFIs) Control Room CERN computer center Skeleton system is all counting and control rooms are operational.

46. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 46 TDAQ networks - Installation & commissioning Incremental installation started in 2006. : Full system will be completed in 2009 (deferred). Strategy: Lay down the complete cabling infrastructure Incrementally add devices (switches) when needed In the early stage, redundancy is not considered a priority Full redundancy is introduced in 2008 First usage in a “production” environment of monitoring tools

47. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 47 DAQ/HLT – Installation ØFull ROS system ØAssociated networking (data and control switches) ØAssociated infrastructure (file and boot servers, online and monitoring machines,…)

48. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 48 DAQ/HLT Commissioning Integrated tests to verify sub- system’s Functionality Stability Performance Technical Runs Integrated tests in the control room environment “shift-like” operations

49. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 49 Commissioning Conclusions   Counting rooms infrastructure near completion.   Installation and commissioning of readout electronics – in progress.   System commissioning using the final chain – ongoing.   Multi-system commissioning started. Technical runs using the main control room round the clock for Cosmic ray data, calibration data has started.

50. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 50 Summary The detector installation is now well advanced and progressing well.   Infrastructure: Essentially complete and commissioned.   Magnets System: BT and Solenoid – commissioned, ECT installation, full test by end of ‘07.   Calorimeters: Being commissioned (Barrel) EC to follow soon.   Tracking: SCT/TRT Barrel being commissioned. EC and Pixel May/June ’07   Muons: Barrel Muon being commissioned. BW assembly in progress. SW integration on surface – Installation toward end of ’07.   Trigger/DAQ: Trigger and DAQ commissioning started. Control room operational – combined “Data Taking” mode to start. (Cosmic Rays)   Software / Physics (not covered here) Preparation for Data analysis is in full swing with computing data challenges, Physics working groups etc The coming year is critical to make sure that the detector will be ready for Data. A large effort is ongoing at CERN to accomplish this challenge. What was presented is a result of >20 years of R&D, Design and Construction of the ATLAS detector. The installation and commissioning is the “end of the beginning” once the installation is complete the challenge will shift to operation and getting the Physics out.

51. . APS meeting April 14 h, 2007. 51 First Physics Run Middle of ’08. The ATLAS Detector should be fully operational and ready for Physics.