2. CHAPTER 8 PRESENTATION Period 5

3. What have you learned? What is debt peonage? -A system that bound laborers to work for the debt of the employer. In what year did the supreme court declare involuntary peonage a violation of the 13 th Amendment? -1911 When did the railroads start to hire more Mexicans than any other ethnic group? -The late 1800’s What was the worker called who was bound in debt peonage? -A peon

4. Question #1 Q. Who inspired the engineering science of urban planning? A. John Augustus Roebling

5. Question #2 Q.Who helped draw up a plan “Greensword” which is now Central Park in New York? A. Fredrick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux

6. Question #2 Q.What event took place in 1893 when Burnham transformed a swampy area near Lake Michigan in to a “glistening white city”? A. Chicago’s 1893 Worlds Columbian Exposition

7. QUESTIONS! 1.Q: About how much did the money used for advertising increase between 1865 – 1900? A: About 85 million. 2. Q: Which 2 companies first brought retail merchandising to small towns? A: Montegomery Ward and Sears 3. Q: The RFD system brought packages directly to every: a. storeb. homec. market d. community centere. hotel A: b. home

8. Questions 1. Where and when was the first shopping center created? 1890, Cleveland, Ohio 2. Who developed the first department store? And when was It created? Marshall field, 1865 3. Who founded the first chain store, and when was it created? F.W. Woolworth, 1870 4. What College University is the BEST??? YOU KNOW IT!!!! Texas A&M! Go AGGIES!

9. 5. Where did modern tennis originated? 1. Where was the first Ferris wheel unveiled? 2. What was the first bicycle called to feature air-inflated tires? 3. In what year were 10 million bicycles produced? 4. Who believed bicycling helped women gain many freedoms? The World’s Columbian Exposition The Victor Safety Bicycle 1890 Susan B. Anthony North Wales

10. Question #1 How much did George Eastman’s first camera cost? A. $694,000 B. $75 C. $25 D. $400

11. Question #2 What was one effect of photo explosion? A. Photojournalism was created B. First successful flight was caught on camera C. Cameras were now easy and cheap to use. D. All of the above

12. Question #3 What year was the first Kodak camera introduced? A. 2054 B. 1945 C. 1888 D. 1870

13. Mark Twain was a popular author who wrote what book? A. Moby Dick B. Deadwood Dick C. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn D. The Adventures of Super Man

14. During this time period light fiction novels were called “nickel novels.” - True - False

15. ________ were excluded from visiting many museums and other white-controlled institutes. A. Chinese B. African-Americans C. Hispanic D. Paul’s mom

16. #1 Racial etiquette and African Americans, enforcing their second-class status. Answer Answer #2 Between what years were 1,400 African- American men and women shot, burned, and hanged without trial in the South? AnswerAnswer #3What was the event in 1990 when a white policeman was killed? AnswerAnswer

17. Questions 1.Why does society treat the majority of Immigrants with more respect than African Americans? Society still considers African Americans a second class citizen due to the Reconstruction that went on previously. 2. Why did Catholics resent the suppression of their native languages in favor of English? Because public school systems had mandatory readings of the Protestant King James version of the Bible. 3. Why did adult immigrants feel the need to attend night school? Because they wanted to learn English and qualify for American citizenship.

18. Questions Why did children not want to attend school? Why did kindergarten become increasingly popular? Why did employers demand workers with more education?

19. Answers Children feared and hated the cruel punishments and strict rules. Kindergartens developed to offer more childcare for employed mothers. Employers wanted more education to keep workers loyal to capitalism.

20. 1. Who was the first African American to graduate from Harvard University? 2. Who founded the Tuskegee University? 3. How many African Americans attended college in 1990? 4. What was needed to enter any college or university? 5. What percent of Americans attended college in the late 1800’s?

21. 1. W.E.B Du Bois 2. Booker T. Washington 3. 3,880 4. High school diploma or entrance exams 2.3% 5. 2.3%

22. Questions What is the poll tax? What is the grandfather clause? Racial Segregation was put into where? In the Plessy v. Ferguson, supreme court ruled that the separation of races was legal because it didn’t violate what?

23. Answers an annual tax that had to be paid before qualifying to vote. Even if a person failed the test they could vote if their father or grandfather were allowed to vote before January 1,1867. Parks, schools, hospitals, transportation systems in the south. The 14 th amendment

24. What were two popular spectator sports? Who organized the first baseball club in New York City? Where did people go to listen to boxing matches? Who won the first World Series held in 1903? Who founded the Negro Leagues in 1920?

25. Which two main factors enabled architects to design taller buildings? What became Americas greatest contribution to architecture? Which city became the first American city to electrify its urban transit? Elevators, and internal steel skeleton Richmond, Virginia The skyscraper

26. Questions and Answers 1. What was the literacy rate of the U.S by 1890? a. 90% b.85% c.80% d.75% 2.What was new paper made out of? a. Wood Pulp b. Bark c. Sand D. Grass 3.Publishers increased ____, _____, and _____ to meet the needs of the people. a. Newspapers b. 4.How many feet did the first flight cover? a. 120 Feet b. 50 Feet c. 20 feet d. 5 feet 5.Where did the flight take place? a. Kittyhawk, North Carolina b. New York, NY c. Houston, TX 6.When was the first intercontinental air mail service established. a. 1920 b. 1943 c. 2003 d. 5007

27. Questions 1 What kind of headline does the Americans use? a. sadb. angryc. sensational Answer Answer

28. ANSWER C. Sensational

29. Question 2 Where was Joseph Pulitzer from and what did he buy? a. France, G35 Coupe b. Denmark, land c. Indian, Women d. Hungary, New York World Answer

30. ANSWER D. Hungary, New York World

31. Question 3 What did William Randolph Hearst not use in his newspaper? a. crueltyb. pornography c. hypnotismd. imaginary conquest of mars Answer

32. ANSWER B. PORNOGRAPHY

33. Question 4 Who started the Ashcan School of American Art a. George Washingtonb. Robert Henri c. Eminemd. Danish Answer

34. ANSWER B. Robert Henri