1. ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet 1 Figures and tables Overview of Australian Indigenous health status 2012

2. 2 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Estimated Indigenous population, by jurisdiction, Australia, 30 June 2011 Source: ABS, 2012 Notes: 1.Preliminary estimates are subject to revision; population projections are expected to be finalised by 2014 2.Australian population includes Jervis Bay Territory, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and Christmas Island 3.Proportions of jurisdiction population have used total population figures estimated from demographic information for June 2011 JurisdictionIndigenous populationProportion of Australian Indigenous population (%)Proportion of jurisdiction population (%) NSW 208,36431.12.9 Vic 47,3277.10.9 Qld 188,89228.24.2 WA 88,27713.23.8 SA 37,3925.62.3 Tas 24,1553.64.7 ACT 6,1670.91.7 NT 68,90110.329.8 Australia 669,7361003.0

3. 3 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Population pyramid of Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations, 30 June 2011 Source: ABS, 2012

4. 4 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Age-specific fertility rates, by Indigenous status of mother, selected jurisdictions, Australia, 2011 Source: ABS, 2012 Notes: 1.Rates per 1,000 women in each age-group 2.n.p. refers to numbers not available for publication, but included in totals where applicable 3.Figures are not provided for Tas and the ACT because of the small numbers involved and doubts about the level of identification of Indigenous births, but numbers for those jurisdictions are included in figures for Australia Status of mother / age-group (years) Jurisdiction NSWVicQldWASANTAustralia Indigenous mothers 15-19715485106728078 20-24157117163180153145155 25-29162128155154147115147 30-3411711111210110379105 35-3954645852383652 40-4411n.p.13n.p.10 11 All mothers 15-191492219154416 20-2451376658519852 25-2910190111107105 101 30-34125123117125121104122 35-3973746466625870 40-4416 131513n.p.15

5. 5 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Total fertility rates, by Indigenous status of mother, selected jurisdictions, Australia, 2011 Source: ABS, 2011 Notes: 1.Total fertility rate is the number of children born to 1,000 women at the current level and age pattern of fertility 2.Figures are not provided for Tas and the ACT because of the small numbers involved and doubts about the level of identification of Indigenous births. Numbers for those jurisdictions are included in figures for Australia Status of mother Jurisdiction NSWVicQldWASANTAustralia Indigenous 2,8632,4862,9323,0112,6112,3232,740 All mothers 1,9081,7481,9641,9531,8472,1311,884

6. 6 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Mean birthweights and percentage of low birthweight for babies born to Indigenous and all mothers, selected jurisdictions, Australia, 2010 Source: Li, Zeki, Hilder, and Sullivan, 2012 Notes: 1.Low birthweight is defined as less than 2,500 grams NSWVicQldWASANTAustralia Indigenous mothers Mean birthweight3,2333,2343,1993,1393,1303,1193,190 % low birthweight10.710.311.513.616.013.812.0 Non-Indigenous mothers Mean birthweight3,3763,3663,3823,3533,3443,2923,369 % low birthweight5.86.36.46.16.88.86.2

7. 7 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Jurisdiction Indigenous rate Non-Indigenous rate Rate ratio NSW9625981.6 Qld1,0895971.8 WA1,4315742.5 SA1,0606151.7 NT1,5416452.4 NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT1,1515971.9 Age-standardised death rates, by Indigenous status, and Indigenous:non- Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT, 2006-2010 Source: Australian Health Ministers’ Advisory Council, 2012 Notes: 1.Rates per 100,000 are directly age-standardised using the 2001 Australia standard population 2.Rate ratio is the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate 3.Due to the incomplete identification of Indigenous status, these figures probably under-estimate the true difference between Indigenous and non-Indigenous rates

8. 8 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet PopulationMalesFemales Indigenous Australia67.272.9 NSW69.975.0 Qld68.373.6 WA65.070.4 NT61.569.2 Total population Australia78.782.6 Expectation of life at birth in years for Indigenous people and the total population, by sex, selected jurisdictions, Australia, 2005-2007 Source: ABS, 2009 Note: The Australian Indigenous estimates are based on deaths in all states and territories

9. 9 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Age-group (years) IndigenousNon-IndigenousRate ratio MalesFemalesMalesFemalesMalesFemales NSW 076541.51.6 1-4413418172.22.0 5–1413111071.31.5 15-24812945201.81.5 25-3417410273302.43.4 35-44391228123673.23.4 45-548254152791693.02.5 55-64154310226633912.32.6 65+49114431419337321.2 Qld 087541.61.7 1-4505622172.33.4 5–1418 12101.51.9 15-241267156252.32.9 25-3424912386342.93.7 35-44515304128684.04.5 45-549295622701593.43.5 55-64173313846403722.73.7 65+61174921399335311.51.4 Age-specific death rates, by Indigenous status and sex, and Indigenous:non- Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT, 2007-2011

10. 10 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Age-group (years) IndigenousNon-IndigenousRate ratio MalesFemalesMalesFemalesMalesFemales WA 0105333.41.8 1-4634822122.84.0 5–1438298.89.34.33.1 15-2424110656264.34.1 25-3440621989364.66.1 35-44834510121666.97.7 45-541,3881,0212601535.36.7 55-642,3811,6715793434.14.9 65+6,3805,2963,8193,4231.71.5 SA 067431.52.4 1-40.09026140.06.5 5–1417 7.97.42.12.4 15-241669655203.04.8 25-3434118888363.95.3 35-44684517147794.76.5 45-541,2788732931894.44.6 55-642,1311,4966773983.13.8 65+4,2483,8724,35939111.0 Age-specific death rates, by Indigenous status and sex, and Indigenous:non- Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT, 2007-2011

11. 11 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Age-group (years) IndigenousNon-IndigenousRate ratio MalesFemalesMalesFemalesMalesFemales NT 01411433.63.3 1-4786032152.44.1 5–145238208.62.64.4 15-24296112107392.8 25-3443824388355.07.0 35-44897638151506.012.8 45-541,5961,2113381604.77.6 55-642,9202,0047893003.76.7 65+6,5945,5313,41225631.92.2 Age-specific death rates, by Indigenous status and sex, and Indigenous:non- Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT, 2007-2011 Source: ABS, 2012 Notes: 1.Rates are per 1,000 2.Rate ratio is the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate 3.Due to the small number of deaths registered in Vic, Tas and the ACT, information for these jurisdictions have been excluded

12. 12 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Jurisdiction Indigenous Non- Indigenous Rate ratio MalesFemalesMalesFemalesMalesFemales NSW5.13.94.43.41.21.1 Qld9.96.85.24.11.91.7 SA4.36.63.62.91.22.3 WA10.23.73.32.63.11.4 NT14.311.63.04.24.82.8 Infant mortality rates, by Indigenous status and sex, and Indigenous:non- Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Qld, SA, WA and the NT, 2009-2011 Source: Derived from ABS, 2012 Notes: 1.Infant mortality rate is the number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births 2.Rate ratio is the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate 3.The Indigenous rates are likely to be under-estimated, due to the incomplete identification of Indigenous status on births and deaths records 4.Due to the small number of deaths registered in Vic, Tas and the ACT, these jurisdictions have been excluded

13. 13 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Cause of death Rate Rate ratio IndigenousNon-Indigenous Circulatory diseases3512011.7 Neoplasms2451781.4 Endocrine, metabolic and nutritional disorders (including diabetes)118225.4 Respiratory diseases112492.3 External causes84372.3 Digestive diseases58202.8 Kidney diseases40113.5 Nervous system diseases27241.1 Infectious and parasitic diseases258.72.9 Conditions originating in the perinatal period6.02.82.2 Other causes85432.0 All causes1,1515971.9 Age-standardised death rates, by Indigenous status and cause, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT, 2004-2008 Source: Australian Health Ministers’ Advisory Council, 2012 Notes: 1.Due to under-identification of Indigenous deaths, these rates are likely to under-estimate the true differences between the Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations 2.Rates per 100,000 population have been standardised using the 2001 Australian population as the standard 3.Rate ratios are the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate

14. 14 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Indigenous statusConfinementsMaternal deathsMaternal mortality ratio Indigenous27,901 Direct and indirect maternal deaths 621.5 Direct maternal deaths 27.2 Non-Indigenous745,347 Direct and indirect maternal deaths 597.9 Direct maternal deaths 273.6 Numbers of confinements and maternal deaths, and maternal mortality ratios, by Indigenous status, Australia, 2003-2005 Source: Derived from Sullivan, Hall, King, 2008 Notes: 1.Maternal mortality ratio is the number of maternal deaths divided by the number of confinements (in 100,000s). 2.Due to some uncertainty about the numbers of Indigenous deaths and confinements, some caution must be exercised in the interpretation of the ratios 3.The non-Indigenous numbers and ratios include deaths for which Indigenous status was not known. This probably results in a slight, unknown over-estimate of non-Indigenous numbers and ratios, and a resultant under-estimate of the differences between Indigenous and non- Indigenous women

15. 15 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Jurisdiction IndigenousNon-Indigenous Rate ratio NumberRateNumberRate NSW64,2705592,530,4213361.7 Vic19,1127722,352,3994061.9 Qld81,7548061,741,7973882.1 WA67,9441,440898,0893973.6 SA21,4351,097652,0003643.0 NT72,9201,70431,5132167.9 All jurisdictions327,4359118,206,2203672.5 Numbers of hospital separations and age-standardised separation rates, by Indigenous status and jurisdiction, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Vic, Qld, WA, SA and the NT, 2010-11 Source: AIHW, 2012 Notes: 1.Rates per 1,000 population 2.Non-Indigenous rates and numbers include separations for which Indigenous status was not stated 3.Rate ratio is the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate 4.Numbers and rates for the NT are for public hospitals only 5.The incomplete identification of Indigenous status means that these figures probably under-estimate the true difference between Indigenous and non-Indigenous rates

16. 16 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Age- group (years) MalesFemales Indigenous rateNon-Indigenous rateRate ratioIndigenous rateNon-Indigenous rateRate ratio 0-43402451.42751871.5 5-91321021.3104801.3 10-14106841.391711.3 15-191431281.12951741.7 20-242001291.54922492.0 25-292651322.05563141.8 30-343651552.46283801.7 35-396341893.47513542.1 40-449062284.08903052.9 45-491,1612794.21,2643114.1 50-541,4133633.91,4243733.8 55-591,6314803.42,0154394.6 60-642,0016613.02,1695444.0 65+1,9471,2881.52,0839432.2 Age-specific hospital separation rates, by sex and Indigenous status, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Vic, Qld, WA, SA and the NT, 2010-11 Source: Derived from AIHW, 2012, ABS, 2009, ABS, 2012 Notes: 1.Numbers include separations for which Indigenous status was not stated 2.Rates are expressed as separations per 1,000 population 3.Rate ratio is the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate 4.The rates have not been adjusted for likely under-identification of Indigenous separations, so it is likely that the Indigenous rates, and hence the rate ratios, could be 25-30% higher

17. 17 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Principal diagnosisNumber of separationsProportion of separations (excl dialysis) (%)Ratio Injury24,365132.0 Pregnancy-related20,524111.6 Respiratory diseases19,471112.8 Digestive diseases16,6479.01.1 Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings15,4708.41.5 Mental and behavioural disorders13,8247.52.1 Circulatory diseases9,8175.31.6 Genitourinary diseases8,6184.71.3 Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue7,7304.22.5 Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases5,9563.20.8 Infectious/parasitic diseases5,7423.12.0 Cancers4,6892.50.7 All causes, excluding dialysis184,1291001.3 Numbers and proportions for leading causes of Indigenous hospital separations (excluding dialysis), and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Vic, Qld, WA, SA and the NT, 2010-11 Source: AIHW, 2012 Notes: 1.Excludes hospitalisation for dialysis 2.Numbers and rates for the NT are for public hospitals only 3.Ratios are the standardised separation rates for Indigenous people divided by the standardised separation rates for non-Indigenous people (non-Indigenous includes separations for which Indigenous status was not stated) 4.Due to the incomplete identification of Indigenous status, these figures probably under-estimate the true difference between Indigenous and non-Indigenous rates

18. 18 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Site of primary cancerIndigenous peopleNon-Indigenous peopleRate ratio Lung80431.9 Breast (females)821040.8 Prostate (males)1051480.7 Bowel48590.8 Cervix (females)1872.8 Pancreas15101.5 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma14160.9 Skin (melanoma)9320.3 Unknown primary site24121.9 Age-standardised incidence rates for selected cancers, by Indigenous status, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Qld, WA and the NT, 2004-2008 Source: AIHW and Australasian Association of Cancer Registries, 2012 Notes: 1.Rates per 100,000 population 2.Ratio is the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate 3.Rates are age-standardised to the Australian population at 20 June 2001 4.Due to the incomplete identification of Indigenous status, these figures probably under-estimate the true difference between Indigenous and non-Indigenous rates 5.Levels of missing data on Indigenous identification for prostate cancer (16%) and melanoma of the skin (41%) were particularly high

19. 19 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Site of primary cancerIndigenous peopleNon-Indigenous peopleRate ratio Lung61341.8 Breast (female)27221.3 Prostate (males)30 1.0 Bowel15170.9 Pancreas13101.3 Cervix (females)824.4 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma560.9 Skin (melanoma)260.4 Unknown primary site17101.7 Age-standardised death rates for selected cancers, by Indigenous status, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT, 2006-2010 Source: AIHW and Australasian Association of Cancer Registries, 2012 Notes: 1.Rates per 100,000 population 2.Ratio is the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate 3.Rates are age-standardised to the Australian population at 20 June 2001 4.Due to the incomplete identification of Indigenous status, these figures probably under-estimate the true difference between Indigenous and non-Indigenous rates 5.Levels of missing data on Indigenous identification for prostate cancer (16%) and melanoma of the skin (41%) were particularly high

20. 20 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Age-group (years)Proportions of Indigenous people (%)Proportions of non-Indigenous people (%)Ratio 15-241.00.51.9 25-344.30.66.8 35-4410.02.05.1 45-5420.74.05.2 55+32.111.62.8 Proportions of people reporting diabetes/high sugar levels as a long-term health condition, by Indigenous status, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous ratios, Australia, 2004-2005 Source: ABS, 2006 Notes: 1.Proportions are expressed as percentages 2.Ratio is the Indigenous proportion divided by the non-Indigenous proportion

21. 21 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Type of stressor Indigenous status / year Proportion of Indigenous people (%) Proportion of total population (%) 20082010 Death of a family member or close friend4023 Serious illness or disability3330 Not able to get a job2315 Alcohol-related problems218 Mental illness1713 Pregnancy17-- Drug-related problems15-- Trouble with the police154 You, a family member or friend spent time in jail13-- Overcrowding at home13-- Treated badly/discrimination10-- Total reporting stressor(s)7962 Proportions of stressors reported in the previous 12 months, by Indigenous status, year and stressor type, Australia, 2008 and 2010 Source: AIHW, 2011 and ABS, 2011 Notes: 1.Proportions are expressed as percentages 2.The content of this table is restricted to the more frequently reported stressors 3.Data have not been age-standardised 4.The total population proportion for ‘serious illness or disability’ data has been estimated by adding proportions for the two sub-components together, so may slightly overstate the true proportion 5.The 2010 GSS combined alcohol and drug related problems within the one sub-category

22. 22 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet JurisdictionIndigenousNon-IndigenousRate ratio NSW1081.2 Qld22121.9 WA36113.2 SA22112.0 NT28141.9 Age-standardised death rates for intentional self-harm, by Indigenous status and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT, 2006-2010 Source: ABS, 2012 Notes: 1.Rate per 100,000 population 2.Rate ratio is the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate 3.Due to the incomplete identification of Indigenous status, these figures probably under-estimate the true differences between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people

23. 23 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Age-group (years) IndigenousNon-IndigenousRate ratio MaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemale 15-2455241344.46.5 25-347220 33.76.3 35-4451212432.18.4 Age-specific death rates for intentional self-harm, by Indigenous status, sex and selected age-groups, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT, 2006-2010 Source: ABS, 2012 Notes: 1.Age-specific rates per 100,000 population 2.Rate ratio is the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate 3.Due to the incomplete identification of Indigenous status, these figures under-estimate the true differences between Indigenous and non- Indigenous people

24. 24 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Jurisdiction IndigenousNon-Indigenous Rate ratio NumberRateNumberRate NSW1292843,647982.9 Vic414642,7161034.5 Qld2997302,1291037.1 WA2221,0141,0129710.5 SA769248401078.6 NT3241,579547920.0 Australia1,10470210,914977.2 Numbers of notifications and age-standardised notification rates for end- stage renal disease, by Indigenous status, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, selected jurisdictions, Australia, 2006-2010 Source: Derived from ANZDATA, 2010, ABS, 2008, ABS, 2001, ABS, 2009 Notes: 1.Rates per 1,000,000 population have been standardised using the ERP from 30 June 2001 2.Rate ratio is the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate 3.Notification rates for Tas and the ACT have not been shown separately because of the small numbers of notifications, but are included in the figures for Australia

25. 25 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Age-group (years) IndigenousNon-Indigenous Rate ratio NumberRateNumberRate 0-145513470.7 15-241935240172.1 25-3477206497346.0 35-442407088805812.2 45-543481,4371,54710613.5 55-642872,1062,28219111.0 65-741091,8512,7753744.9 75+197132,5593841.9 All ages1,10470210,914977.2 Numbers of notifications and notification rates of end-stage renal disease, by Indigenous status and age-group, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, Australia, 2006-2010 Source: Derived from ANZDATA, 2010, ABS, 2008, ABS, 2001, ABS, 2009 Notes: 1.Rates per 1,000,000 population 2.Rate ratio is the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate 3.Rates for ‘All ages’ are age-standardised

26. 26 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet MalesFemalesPersons RateRate ratioRateRate ratioRateRate ratio Chronic lower respiratory diseases953.0633.2763.1 Pneumonia and influenza272.1221.8242.0 Other respiratory disease221.2100.9151.1 Total respiratory disease1442.3952.21162.3 Age-standardised death rates for respiratory disease, Indigenous people, by sex and condition, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT, 2004-2008 Source: AIHW, 2011 Notes: 1.Chronic lower respiratory diseases include asthma, bronchitis and emphysema 2.Rates, in deaths per 100,000, are directly age-standardised using the Australian 2001 standard population, by 5-year age-group to 75+

27. 27 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Bilateral vision loss and blindness among Indigenous adults, by type of eye problem, 2008, Australia Source: NIEHS 2009

28. 28 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Age-group (years)Proportions of Indigenous people (%)Proportions of non-Indigenous people (%)Ratio 18-242.51.32.0 25-342.81.22.3 35-444.91.72.8 45-548.22.73.1 55-6413.24.82.8 65+20.213.41.5 All ages8.44.12.1 Proportions of people aged 18 years or older needing assistance with core activities, by Indigenous status and age-group, Australia, 2006 Source: ABS, AIHW 2008 Notes: 1.Proportions are expressed as percentages; proportions for ‘All ages’ have been standardised using the 2001 Australian standard population; ratio is Indigenous proportion divided by the non-Indigenous proportion 2.Ratio is Indigenous proportion divided by the non-Indigenous proportion 3.ABS notes that ‘needing assistance with core activities’ is conceptually related to the ‘presence of a profound/core activity restriction’

29. 29 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Age-group (years)Proportions of Indigenous people (%)Proportions of non-Indigenous people (%)Ratio 18-246.33.02.1 25-346.22.42.6 35-446.23.02.1 45-5410.24.12.5 55+17.78.52.1 All ages10.34.72.2 Proportions of persons 18 years or older with profound/core activity restriction, persons, by Indigenous status and age-group, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous ratios, non-remote areas of Australia, 2008 Source: Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision, 2011 Notes: 1.Ratio is the Indigenous percentage divided by the non-Indigenous percentage 2.Proportions for ‘All ages’ is age standardised 3.ABS notes that ‘needing assistance with core activities’ is conceptually related to the presence of a ‘profound/core activity restriction’

30. 30 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet YearsNSWVicQldWASATasACTNTAust 2007-0814481526437.3182320 2008-0919631832498.1272425 2009-10256219364612431628 Proportion (%) of Indigenous potential population aged 0-64 years accessing state/territory-delivered disability support services, by years and jurisdiction Source: Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision, 2012

31. 31 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet JurisdictionNumberRate NSW212.7 Vic42.3 Qld486.5 WA61.7 SA64.2 Tas22.1 ACT00.0 NT6520.0 Australia1525.8 Numbers of new cases and crude notification rates of tuberculosis among Indigenous people, by jurisdiction, Australia, 2005-2009 Source: Roche, 2007, Roche, 2008, Barry, 2009, Barry, 2012, ABS, 2007 and ABS, 2009 Notes: 1.Population figures are for 30 June 2007 (the mid-point of the five-year period, 2005-2009) 2.Rates are crude incidence rates per 100,000 population

32. 32 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Age-group (years) IndigenousNon-Indigenous Rate ratio NumberRateNumberRate 0-451.5550.91.8 5-14121.8470.45.1 15-24173.3700.56.6 25-34256.8710.514 35-44309.0470.329 45-543113.3620.431 55-641914.8600.529 65+1315.82361.79.2 All ages1525.86480.611.1 Source: Derived from: Roche, 2007, Roche, 2008, Barry, 2009, Barry, 2012, ABS, 2007 and ABS, 2009 Notes: 1.Rates are per 100,000 population 2.Any discrepancy between the figures shown for ‘All ages’ and the sum of the number for the specific age-groups is due to age not being stated in the notification 3.Rate ratio is the Indigenous rate divided by the non-Indigenous rate 4.The rate ratio for 'All ages' is the standardised incidence ratio, which is the number of Indigenous cases reported divided by the number expected if the Indigenous population had the same age-specific rates as the non-Indigenous population Numbers of new cases and notification rates of tuberculosis, by Indigenous status and age-group, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, Australia, 2005-2009

33. 33 www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet ©2013 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet©2012 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet JurisdictionIndigenous rateNon-Indigenous rateRate ratio NSW11.55.52.1 Qld4.04.30.9 WA9.35.41.7 SA17.86.32.8 NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT7.85.31.5 Rates of drug induced deaths, persons, by Indigenous status and sex, and Indigenous:non-Indigenous rate ratios, NSW, Qld, WA, SA, and the NT, 2005-2009 Source: Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision, 2011 Notes: 1.Rates are per 100,000 (indirect standardisation) 2.Non-Indigenous does not include deaths where Indigenous status is not stated 3.Separate rates for the NT were not provided due to low numbers of deaths