1. 1 For MUTUAL RECOGNITION 1. Implementation of Common Regulations 2. Establishment of Certification System Mutual Recognition of Certification

2. 2 Concept of Mutual Recognition Parts ， systems or whole vehicles tested and verified to comply with the requirements in one country are allowed to be used in other MRA contracting countries without re-testing and submitting data again for approval. Mutual Recognition

3. 3 Country (A) CERTIFICATION in country (A) Country (B) Country (C) CERTIFICATION in country (C) CERTIFICATION in country (B) MARKET in country(A) MARKET in country(B) MARKET in country(C) TEST in country (B) TEST in country (C) TEST in country (A) Manufacturer 【 Test Item 】 Parts : Glasses, Seat Belts, etc System: Exhaust Emission ， etc. Whole vehicles Certification System without MRA

4. 4 Mutually Recognized Certification System MUTUAL RECOGNITION NO ACTION NEEDED Country (A) Country (B) Country (C) MARKET in country(A) MARKET in country(B) MARKET in country(C) CERTIFICATION in country (A) TEST in country (A) Manufacturer

5. 5 It seems impractical to initiate MRA for whole vehicles in Asia at this stage because ; 1) different regulatory items are implemented in each country 2) exhaust emission regulations of various level of stringency are implemented in Asia MRA for parts, systems, or whole vehicles ?

6. 6 Emission Regulations of Asian countries 1/2 01 000203040506 Indonesia ECE15-04 Idle Emission China 93/59/EEC Whole area 96/69/EC Beijing 96/69/EC 93/59/EEC Nepal Philippines ECE15-0493/59/EEC Viet Nam ECE15-03 Bangladesh Required CAT from July 1999, Importing Leaded fuel prohibited Required CAT from Jan. 1996 Brunei Some cities have stricter Reg. ECE15-03/04Euro1/ US83Euro2/US94Euro3 Equivalent as... ECE83- 01/02 96/69/E C

7. 7 Emission Regulations of Asian countries 2/2 Thailand 94/12/EC 96/69/EC Euro3(98/69/EC) Taiwan US 94 CAL LEV, 98/69/EC 、 J_P-53 Hong Kong Singapore 91/441/EEC JPN10/15 96/69/EC Korea India 91/441/EEC (max.90km/h) & Cold start Whole area 96/69/EC April NCR: Deli Area ←Research recommends 2003:Euro3, 2006:Euro4 ECE15-03/04Euro1/ US83Euro2/US94Euro3 Equivalent as... Euro4 US 94 US LEV 01 000203040506 Euro3(98/69/EC) US04 Malaysia 94/12/EC Euro3(98/69/EC)