1. December 11, 2010 Bible Study for Pr-Servants According to Sts. Matthew, Mark, Luke

2. The Gospels History Acts The Epistles Revelation LettersVisions The Story of Jesus Epistles of Paul Apocalyptic Literature Early Church Catholic Epistles PastPresentFuture

3. Overview Of The Gospels “Gospel” means “Good News” from the Greek word ευαγγέλιον (evangelion) (ευ=“good”; αγγέλιον=“news” or “message”). From that we get the words “evangelical” (someone focused on the good news) and “evangelist” (proclaimer of the good news). The authors of the four Gospel writings are also called the Evangelists. Dates:  Mark 55-65 A.D.  Matthew 58-68 A.D.  Luke 60-85 A.D.  John 85 A.D. The Gospel (not Gospels) according to Sts. Matthew, Mark and Luke are called the Synoptic Gospels because they share a common (“syn”) viewpoint (“optic”). They are similar to each other. The Gospel according to St. John is quite different.

4. Comparison of the 4 Gospel Writings Matthew (Jew) Mark (Jew) Luke (Greek) John (Jew) Jesus as the: King of Israel (33) Servant of Lord Son of Man Son of God Reader: Jew (Jesus Son of David) RomanGreekWorld Revelation shape of: ManLionCalfEagle Objective Jesus is the promised Messiah (60) Jesus taught with authority by miracles Jesus is the Friend of man Jesus is the Son of God Prominent Idea: Law (5 Sermons) PowerGraceGlory

5. MATTHEW Introduction (1-4) Five Sermons, “When Jesus finished these words” (7:28; 11:1; 13:53; 19:1; 26:1) Death, Burial, and Resurrection (26-28) Birth Baptism Trial MARK IntroductionPublic Ministry Ch 3 to 5 Death, Burial, and Resurrection (11-16) Baptism Private Ministry Ch 9-10 You are the Christ! 8:29 LUKE Introduction (1-4) Miracles (4-9) Death, Burial, and Resurrection (19-24) Birth 12 years old Journey to Jerusalem (9-18)

6. The Gospel According to St. Matthew Jesus the King His genealogy (by flesh) and birth (Ch. 1 & 2) His messenger; John the Baptist (Ch. 3) His trial (by Satan) then appearance to the Jews (Ch. 4) His laws; the sermon (1) on the mountain (Ch. 5 to 7) His service (Ch. 8 to 11) His struggle with the Jews to establish the Kingdom of Heaven (Ch. 9 to 20) => 3 sermons His triumphant entry to Jerusalem (Ch. 21 to 25) => 1 sermon (signs of the times, parables, second coming) His death and resurrection (Ch. 26 to 28)

7. The Gospel According to St. Matthew The 5 sermons: Sermon of the Mount (Ch. 5-7) Instructions to the twelve disciples (Ch. 10) Parables on the Kingdom of Heaven (Ch. 13) –Sower –Wheat and tares –Mustard seed –Leaven –Hidden treasure –Pearl of great price –Dragnet Instructions to the Church (Ch. 18) – emphasize ecclesiastical responsibility and humility Seven woes on the scribes and Pharisees (Ch. 23)

8. The Gospel According to St. Mark Jesus the Servant Preparations for His coming and ministry (Ch. 1 and 2) His ministry of service In teaching and working miracles of mercy (Ch. 1 to 10) –Jesus early Galilean ministry (Ch. 1 to 3) –Jesus later Galilean ministry of teaching and mercy (Ch. 3 to 6) –His journeys into the regions outside of Galilee (Ch. 6 to 8) –His closing ministry of teaching and mercy in Galilee (Ch. 8 to 9) –His ministry of teaching and mercy starts in Jerusalem (Ch. 10) His suffering,death and resurrection (Ch. 11 to 16) –His ministry in Jerusalem; looks for fruits, disarms His opponents, and future things to take place (Ch. 11 to 13) –His suffering and death at the hands of the Jews, Pilate and Gentiles Roman soldiers (Ch. 14 to 15) –His resurrection (Ch. 16)

9. The Gospel According to St. Mark Distinct Characteristics Only 16 chapters (compared to the other 3 Gospel writings) Fast-paced writing sandwiching events and teachings e.g. the Fig Tree (11:12-24) Simple language full of imagination and details of persons places and nature e.g. –Demon-possessed man healing (5:1-20) –Beasts in the mountain of trial (1:13) Explanation to the Jewish terms that can be understood by the Roman audience –The explanation of the Jewish traditions (7: 2, 3, 4, etc.) –“And now when evening had come, because it was the Preparation Day, that is, the day before the Sabbath” (15:42)

10. The Gospel According to St. Luke Jesus the Son of Man His birth, baptism and trial (Ch. 1 to 4) His ministry in Galilee to seek and save the lost (Ch. 4 to 9) –Jesus early Galilean ministry (Ch. 4 to 6) –Jesus later Galilean ministry (Ch. 6 to 9) –His closing ministry in Galilee (Ch. 9) His ministry in Judea (9 to 13) and in His way to Jerusalem (Ch. 13 to 18) to seek and save the lost His suffering,death, resurrection and ascension (Ch. 19 to 24) –His triumphant entry into Jerusalem and teaches in the temple (Ch. 19 to 21) –His suffering and death at the hands of the Jews and Gentiles Romans (Ch. 22 to 23) –His resurrection and ascension (Ch. 24)

11. The Gospel According to St. Luke Jesus the Son of Man: Miracles and Parables –20 miracles; 6 of which are unique e.g. widow of Naim's son, man with dropsy, ten lepers, –Parables that are unique to Luke are the “Good Samaritan”, “Corrupt Steward” and “Prodigal Son” Role of Woman –Among Jesus' followers are women Mary Magdalene, Martha and her sister Mary –Contains the Annunciation of the birth of Jesus to St. Mary His mother –The Gospel of Luke features more female characters, features a female prophet (Anna; Luke 2:36) and details the experience of pregnancy (1:41-42) –Prominent discussion is given to the lives of Elizabeth, the mother of John the Baptist and of St. Mary

12. Chronological events and locations in the Gospel writings

13. Jesus’ Childhood YearLocationEventScriptures 4/3 B.C.BethlehemBirth of Jesus Mt 1:18-25 Lk 1:1-7 4/3 B.C.BethlehemVisit by shepherdsLk 2:8-20 4/3 B.C.Jerusalem Presentation in the temple (Simeon and Anna)Lk 2:21-40 4/3 B.C.BethlehemVisit by the MagiMt 2:1-12 4/3 B.C.Nile DeltaEscape to EgyptMt 2:13-18 4/3 B.C.Lower GalileeReturn to NazerethMt 2:19-23 A.D. 8/9JerusalemVisit to temple as a boyLk 2:41-52

15. The Year of Inauguration YearLocationEventScriptures A.D. 26Jordon RiverJesus baptized Mt 3:13-17 Mk 1:9-11 Lk 3:21-23 Jn 1:29-39 A.D. 26DesertJesus tempted by Satan Mt 4:1-11 Mk 1:12-13 Lk 4:1-13 A.D. 26CanaJesus' first miracleJn 2:1-11 A.D. 27JerusalemJesus' cleansing of the templeJn 2:14-22 A.D. 27JerusalemJesus and NicodemusJn 3:1-21 A.D. 27Samaria Jesus talks to the Samaritan womanJn 4:5-42 A.D. 27Cana Jesus heals a nobleman's son (Cana was approx 25 miles from Capernaum)Jn 4:46-54 A.D. 27Nazareth The people of Jesus' hometown try to kill himLk 4:16-31

16. The Year of Popularity YearLocationEventScriptures A.D. 27 Sea of Galilee at Capernaum4 fishermen become Jesus' followers Mt 4:18-22 Mk 1:16-20 Lk 5:1-11 A.D. 27CapernaumJesus heals Peter's mother-in-law Mt 8:14-17 Mk 1:29-34 Lk 4:38-41 A.D. 27Galilee Jesus begins his first preaching trip through Galilee Mt 4:23-25 Mk 1:35-39 Lk 4:42-44 A.D. 27CapernaumMatthew decides to follow Jesus Mt 9:9-13 Mk 2:13-17 Lk 5:27-32 A.D. 28CapernaumJesus chooses the 12 disciples Mk 3:13-19 Lk 6:12-15 A.D. 28Capernaum Jesus preaches the "Sermon on the Mount" Mt 5:1-7:29 Lk 6:20-49

17. The Year of Popularity YearLocationEventScriptures A.D. 28CapernaumA sinful woman anoints JesusLk 7:36-50 A.D. 28GalileeJesus travels again through GalileeLk 8:1-3 A.D. 28Galilee Jesus teaches parables about the kingdom Mt 13:1-52 Mk 4:1-34 Lk 8:4-18 A.D. 28Sea of GalileeJesus calms the storm Mt 8:23-27 Mk 4:35-41 Lk 8:22-25 A.D. 28Capernaum Jairus's daughter is brought back to life by Jesus Mt 9:18-26 Mk 5:21-43 Lk 8:40-56 A.D. 28Capernaum Jesus sends his 12 followers out to preach and heal Mt 9:35-11:1 Mk 6:6-13 Lk 9:1-6

18. The Year of Opposition YearLocationEventScriptures A.D. 28MachaerusJohn the Baptist is killed by Herod Mt 14:1-12 Mk 6:14-29 Lk 9:7-9 A.D. 29Near BethsaidaJesus feeds 5,000 people Mt 14:13-21 Mk 6:30-44 Lk 9:10-17 Jn 6:1-14 A.D. 29Near BethsaidaJesus walks on water Mt 14:22-33 Mk 6:45-52 Jn 6:16-21 A.D. 29 Decapolis, Sea of GalileeJesus withdraws to Tyre and Sidon Mt 15:21-28 Mk 7:24-30 A.D. 29 Decapolis, Sea of GalileeJesus feeds 4,000 people Mt 15:32-39 Mk 8:1-9 A.D. 29Caesarea PhilippiPeter says that Jesus is the Son of God Mt 16:13-20 Mk 8:27-30 Lk 9:18-21 A.D. 29Caesarea Philippi Jesus tells his disciples he is going to die soon Mt 16:21-26 Mk 8:31-37 Lk 9:22-25

19. The Year of Opposition YearLocationEventScriptures A.D. 29Caesarea PhilippiJesus is transfigured Mt 17:1-13 Mk 9:2-13 Lk 9:28-36 A.D. 29CapernaumJesus pays his temple taxesMt 17:24-27 A.D. 29Jerusalem Jesus attends the Feast of the TabernaclesJn 7:11-52 A.D. 29Jerusalem Jesus heals a man who was born blindJn 9:1-41 A.D. 29BethanyJesus visits Mary and MarthaLk 10:38-42 A.D. 29 Bethany (Jesus was beyond Jordan (Jn 10:40) when he heard about Lazarus. Jesus raises Lazarus from the deadJn 11:1-44 A.D. 30Across the JordonJesus blesses the little children Mt 19:13-15 Mk 10:13-16 Lk 18:15-17

20. The Year of Opposition YearLocationEventScriptures A.D. 30 Across the Jordon Jesus talks to the rich and young man Mt 19:16-30 Mk 10:17-31 Lk 18:18-30 A.D. 30Near the Jordon Jesus again tells about his death and resurrection Mt 20:17-19 Mk 10:32-34 Lk 18:31-34 A.D. 30JerichoJesus heals blind Bartimaeus Mt 20:29-34 Mk 10:46-52 Lk 18:35-43 A.D. 30JerichoJesus talks to Zacchaeus Lk 19:1-10 A.D. 30Bethany Jesus returns to Bethany to visit Mary and Martha Jn 11:55-12:1

21. The Last Week YearLocationEventScriptures A.D. 30 JerusalemThe Triumphal Entry Mt 21:1-11 SundayMk 11:1-10 Lk 19:29-44 Jn 12:12-19 A.D. 30 JerusalemJesus curses the fig tree Mt 21:18-19 MondayMk 11:12-14 A.D. 30 JerusalemJesus cleanses the temple Mt 21:12-13 MondayMk 11:15-18 A.D. 30 JerusalemThe authority of Jesus questioned Mt 21:23-27 TuesdayMk 11:27-33 Lk 20:1-8 A.D. 30 JerusalemJesus teaches in the temple Mt 21:28-23:29 TuesdayMk 12:1-44 Lk 20:9-21:4 A.D. 30 BethanyJesus anointed Mt 26:6-13 TuesdayMk 14:3-9 Jn 12:2-11 A.D. 30 BethanyThe plot against Jesus Mt 26:14-16 WednesdayMk 14:10-11 Lk 23:3-61

22. The Last Week Year LocationEventScriptures A.D. 30 BethanyThe Last Supper Mt 26:17-29 ThursdayMk 14:12-25 Lk 22:7-20 Jn 13:1-38 A.D. 30 BethanyJesus comforts the disciples Jn 14:1-16:33 Thursday A.D. 30 BethanyGethsemane Mt 26:36-46 ThursdayMk 14:32-42 Lk 22:40-46 A.D. 30 BethanyJesus' arrest and trial Mt 26:47-27:26 Thursday night & FridayMk 14:43-15:15 Lk 22:47-23:25 Jn 18:2-19:16 A.D. 30 GolgothaJesus' crucifixion and death Mt 27:27-56 FridayMk 15:16-41 Lk 23:26-49 Jn 19:17-30 A.D. 30 Josheph's TombThe burial of Jesus Mt 27:57-66 FridayMk 15:42-47 Lk 23:50-56 Jn 19:31-42

23. After the Resurrection YearLocationEventScriptures A.D. 30 JerusalemThe empty tomb Mt 28:1-10 Sunday Mk 16:1-8 Lk 24:1-12 Jn 20:1-10 A.D. 30 JerusalemMary Magdalene Mk 16:2-13 Sunday Jn 20:11-18 A.D. 30 Near Emmaus Jesus appears to the two going to Emmaus Mk 16:12-13 Sunday Lk 24:13-35 A.D. 30 JerusalemJesus appears to 10 disciples Mk 16:14 Sunday Lk 24:36-43 Jn 20:19-25 A.D. 30 JerusalemJesus appears to the 11 disciples Jn 20:26-31 one week later A.D. 30 Sea of GalileeJesus talks with some of his disciples Jn 21:1-25 one week later A.D. 30 Mount of OlivesJesus ascends to his Father in heaven Mt 28:16-20 40 days later Mk 16:19-20 Lk 24:44-53

24. Some of the main common events in the Gospel writings John the Baptist Baptism then the Trial of Jesus by Satan Appointments of the Disciples and Apostles The Great Confession Transfiguration Triumphant Entry into Jerusalem The Lord’s Supper Christ’s Crucifixion, Death and Resurrection

25. John the Baptist All four Gospel writings emphasize the ministry of John the Baptist. John is a fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy (Isaiah 40:3; Malachi 3:1). His message. –Calling for repentance –Pointing to Messiah

26. Baptism of Jesus Significance of Baptism. –Identification. Proclamation from the Father: This is my beloved Son (Matthew 3:17). Testimony of the Holy Spirit. –Significance of the Dove. –Significance of the Spirit.

27. Baptism of Jesus Temptation of Jesus Sonship stated by the Father Sonship challenged by Satan Second Adam is taken through a second probationary testing

28. Appointment of the Apostles Apostle versus Disciple. They are to be Fishers of Men. They represent the New Israel of the New Covenant. –Twelve. –Seated on Twelve Thrones (Mt 19:28; Rev 21:14). –Foundation stones of the Church (Eph. 2:20).

29. Made by Peter John records a similar confession by Peter (John 6:68-69). Peter is speaking as the spokesmen of the Apostles. Jesus is THE One from God. Jesus reveals the Cross. You are the Christ! The Great Confession

30. What is its significance? Transfiguration Encourage those who will see the cross. Graphic testimony of the Law and the Prophets. Centrality of the Cross (Luke’s reference to “His exodus”). Promise of the Future. Testimony of the Father.

31. The King Comes to Jerusalem Triumphal Entry Cleansing of the Temple A Question of Authority

32. Lord’s Supper Setting of the Passover “This is My Body” “This is My Blood The New Covenant Promise of the Second Coming

33. Crucifixion and Death The Trials: With what was Jesus charged? –The real indictment –The Roman charge The Significance of the Cross “My God, My God, Why have You forsaken Me?”

34. The Resurrection Promised in the Old Testament (Ps 16:8-11) Unexpected by the Disciples The Ultimate Sign of Christ’s Identity

35. Matthew 28:18-20 And Jesus came up and spoke to them, saying, “All authority has been given to Me in heaven and on earth. 19 Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, 20 teaching them to observe all that I commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age.”