1. The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom 1

2. The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom 2

3. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom The Dynamic Rock Cycle Weathering – breaking up, or breaking down material at the Earth’s surface Gypsum, weathered by solution in rain water 3

4. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom The Dynamic Rock Cycle Clints and grykes – carbonation-solution Weathering – breaking up, or breaking down material at the Earth’s surface 4

5. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom The Dynamic Rock Cycle Chemical action causes “spalling” Weathering – breaking up, or breaking down material at the Earth’s surface 5

6. The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom 6

7. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom The Dynamic Rock Cycle Erosion A sandstone bump creates a blind summit 7

8. The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom 8

9. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom The Dynamic Rock Cycle The bed of a shallow stream. Which way is the current flowing? 9

10. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom The Dynamic Rock Cycle Deposition – investigating the movement of sand in water 10

11. Fossil Ripple Marks 11

12. The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom 12

13. 12_04c.jpg Principle of Superposition 13

14. 12_04e.jpg Principle of Original Horizontality 14

15. The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom 15

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18. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom The Dynamic Rock Cycle Cross-bedded sandstones in the Orkneys 18

19. The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom 19

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21. The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom Metamorphism - detecting the distortion A trilobite - as it lived (and died) A trilobite as found in the metamorphic slates of North Wales (photograph and drawing) By how much has the trilobite been distorted? - 1 / 2, 1 / 3, 1 / 4, 1 / 5 ? By how much have the surrounding rocks been distorted? By how much has North Wales been distorted? What might be big enough to cause this scale of distortion? 21

22. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom The Dynamic Rock Cycle Deformation – Break thrust, Lizard 22

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24. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom The Dynamic Rock Cycle Deformation – Normal fault, Orgreave opencast site 24

25. The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom 25

26. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom The Dynamic Rock Cycle Crystallisation (and melting) - Salol Salol cooled slowly on a warm slide 26

27. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom The Dynamic Rock Cycle Crystallisation (and melting) - Salol Salol cooled slowly on a cold slide 27

28. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom ‘Lava’ in the laboratory: the treacle investigation Which volcano was formed by runny lava? Which volcano was formed by slow-flowing lava? Which sort of eruption would you like to watch? From: ESTA, Science of the Earth 11 - 14, Magma - introducing igneous processes. Sheffield: Geo Supplies The Dynamic Rock Cycle 28

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32. © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom The Dynamic Rock Cycle 32

33. The Dynamic Rock Cycle © The Earth Science Education Unit Copyright is waived for use of this presentation within the laboratory or classroom 33