1. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Dr. Peter Chan Asst Professor of Instructional Technology, Brigham Young University Hawaii Visiting Professor, Chinese University of Hong Kong MIT6001 IT in Education—An Overview (2 nd term) # 6: Human Issues and International Status 12/21/2005

2. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Review Merrill’s Five Star Instruction Design: http://cito.byuh.edu/merrill/text/papers/5stari ns.ram Merrill’s Five Star Instruction Design: http://cito.byuh.edu/merrill/text/papers/5stari ns.ram http://cito.byuh.edu/merrill/text/papers/5stari ns.ram http://cito.byuh.edu/merrill/text/papers/5stari ns.ram

3. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Important human issues: Copyright laws Copyright laws Digital divide Digital divide Child protection Child protection

4. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Copyright Laws in HK An infringement of the Copyright Ordinance is to make use of copyright material without permission from the copyright owner by: 1. 1. copying the work, 2. 2. publishing the work, 3. 3. renting copies of the work to the public (in the case of computer program or sound recording), 4. 4. making available copies of the work to the public, 5. 5. performing, showing or playing the work in public ( this includes performances held in schools before an audience consisting of teachers, pupils, parents or guardians from other schools or persons not directly connected with the activities of the school ), 6. 6. broadcasting the work or including it in a cable programme service, 7. 7. making an adaptation of the work (and reproducing, publishing, performing or broadcasting such an adaptation). Source: http://www.emb.gov.hk/index.aspx?langno=1&nodeid=2202 Source: http://www.emb.gov.hk/index.aspx?langno=1&nodeid=2202 http://www.emb.gov.hk/index.aspx?langno=1&nodeid=2202

5. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Copyright in HK (2) Section 41 of the Copyright Ordinance deals with the use of copyright material for the purpose of education and it provides that copyright in a work will not be infringed by its being copied, to a reasonable extent, in the course of instructions, whether at a school or elsewhere by a teacher or pupil otherwise than by means of a reprographic process. The term “reprographic process” is defined in Section 198 of the Copyright Ordinance. “Reprographic process” means a process (a) for making facsimile copies; or (b) involving the use of an appliance for making multiple copies, and includes, in relation to a work held in electronic form, any copying by electronic means, but does not include the making of a sound recording or film. The making of copies of a work by means of a photocopier no doubt amounts to copying by reprographic process.

6. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Copyright in HK (2) Research or private study: Does not infringe the copyright in the work if amounts to “fair dealing” Not “fair dealing”: copies of the same material for more than one person at the same time and for the same purpose. E.g. Infringement: making of multiple copies of a copyright work by a teacher to his students without the permission of the copyright owner Consider the following factors: the purpose and nature of the copying, the nature of the copyright work, the amount and substantiality of the portion copied in relation to the work as a whole (Section 38 of the Copyright Ordinance).

7. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Copyright in HK (3) Copying of a work for the purpose of criticism or review of that work does not constitute infringement if it is accompanied by a sufficient acknowledgment (Section 39 of the Copyright Ordinance).

8. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Copyright in HK (4) It is important to note that copyright applies not only to printed matter but also to broadcast by sound or television or audio or audio-visual recordings. A recording of a broadcast or cable programme may be made by a school for educational purposes of that school without infringing the copyright in the broadcast or cable programme if an acknowledgment of authorship is incorporated in the recording and it is not made for gain (Section 44 of the Copyright Ordinance).

9. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Copyright in HK (5) Education-related copyright laws in Hong Kong Education-related copyright laws in Hong Kong English: http://www.emb.gov.hk/index.aspx?langno=1&nodeid=2202 English: http://www.emb.gov.hk/index.aspx?langno=1&nodeid=2202 http://www.emb.gov.hk/index.aspx?langno=1&nodeid=2202 Chinese: http://www.emb.gov.hk/index.aspx?nodeid=2202&langno=2 Chinese: http://www.emb.gov.hk/index.aspx?nodeid=2202&langno=2 http://www.emb.gov.hk/index.aspx?nodeid=2202&langno=2

10. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Digital divide http://www.digitaldividenetwork.org/content/sections/index.cfm?key=2 http://www.digitaldividenetwork.org/content/sections/index.cfm?key=2 the gap between those people and communities who can make effective use of information technology and those who cannot the gap between those people and communities who can make effective use of information technology and those who cannot 429 million people online globally 429 million people online globally 429million = 6% of the world’s entire population 429million = 6% of the world’s entire population U.S. has more computers than the rest of the world combined U.S. has more computers than the rest of the world combined 41% are in North America 41% are in North America 27% in Europe, the Middle East and Africa 27% in Europe, the Middle East and Africa 20% in Asia Pacific 20% in Asia Pacific 4% in South America 4% in South America

11. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Digital divide % of online household in the U.S.: White (46.1%), Asian American & Pacific Islander (56.8%), Black (23.5%), and Hispanic (23.6%) % of online household in the U.S.: White (46.1%), Asian American & Pacific Islander (56.8%), Black (23.5%), and Hispanic (23.6%) Stereotypes between: Stereotypes between: Gender Gender Race Race Classroom Classroom Work Work

12. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Child Protection Internet safety: http://www.aifs.org.au/nch/internetsafety.html http://www.parentsonline.gov.uk/safety/ http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/os/technology/safety.html Internet safety: http://www.aifs.org.au/nch/internetsafety.html http://www.parentsonline.gov.uk/safety/ http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/os/technology/safety.html http://www.aifs.org.au/nch/internetsafety.html http://www.parentsonline.gov.uk/safety/ http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/os/technology/safety.html http://www.aifs.org.au/nch/internetsafety.html http://www.parentsonline.gov.uk/safety/ http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/os/technology/safety.html Violent and sexual content Violent and sexual content Unhealthy practices related to technology Unhealthy practices related to technology Isolation from human interaction Isolation from human interaction Excessive play time Excessive play time Physical damage (eyes, back, carpal tunnel, etc.) Physical damage (eyes, back, carpal tunnel, etc.)

13. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan ICT in Teacher Education http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001295/129533e.pdf http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001295/129533e.pdf Europe: European Computer Driving License http://www.ecdl.com/main/index.php sample test Europe: European Computer Driving License http://www.ecdl.com/main/index.php sample test http://www.ecdl.com/main/index.phpsample test http://www.ecdl.com/main/index.phpsample test Singapore: National Institute of Education http://www.nie.edu.sg/ Singapore: National Institute of Education http://www.nie.edu.sg/ http://www.nie.edu.sg/ UK: Teacher Training Agency http://www.tta.gov.uk/ UK: Teacher Training Agency http://www.tta.gov.uk/http://www.tta.gov.uk/ UNESCO: http://portal.unesco.org/education/en/ev.php- URL_ID=18645&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html UNESCO: http://portal.unesco.org/education/en/ev.php- URL_ID=18645&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html http://portal.unesco.org/education/en/ev.php- URL_ID=18645&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html http://portal.unesco.org/education/en/ev.php- URL_ID=18645&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html (notice downloadable books on the right) US: International Society for Technology in Education http://www.iste.org http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/os/technology/index.html?src=oc US: International Society for Technology in Education http://www.iste.org http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/os/technology/index.html?src=oc http://www.iste.org http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/os/technology/index.html?src=oc http://www.iste.org http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/os/technology/index.html?src=oc

14. © Copyright 2005 by Peter Chan Peter Chan, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Instructional Technology Brigham Young University Hawaii 55-220 Kulanui Street, #1954, Laie, Hawaii 96762, USA Phone: 1-808-293-3886Fax: 1-808-293-3988 Email: chanp@byuh.edu