1. Early Signs of Pregnancy Missed period Mild ache in lower abdomen Feeling tired, drowsy, or faint Need to urinate more than usual Tenderness in breast Nausea early in the day

2. Medical Care During Pregnancy Obstetrician-MD who specializes in pregnancy Group of doctors Cost: lump sum Covers prenatal exams, normal birth, check up after birth

3. The Initial Exam BP, pulse, respiration, weight Medical history Measure pelvis Analyze urine Blood test

4. Later Check Ups 1 time a month until 6 months 2xs month until 9 th month 9 th month – 1 time a week

5. Discomforts of Pregnancy Nausea last until about 3 rd month Sleepiness-first trimester Heartburn Shortness of breath Varicose veins Muscle cramps in legs Lower back pain

6. Possible Complications Vaginal bleeding Excessive thirst Persistent headaches Fever Swelling Prolonged backache

7. Nutrition During Pregnancy Protein-vital for growth of baby and keeps mom’s body in good repair Vitamins-supplement, more folic acid Minerals-iron Carbohydrates and fats-energy

8. Special Diets Teens Body is still growing Higher calorie needs Calcium and iron Lactose intolerant Vegetarians

9. Weight Gain During Pregnancy Normal BMI- 25-35 lbs Underweight-28-42 lbs Overweight-15-25 lbs 1-3 months, little/no weight gain, weight loss 4-6 months, steady weight gain 6-9 months, 1 lb a week

10. Personal Care and Activities Rest Exercise Hygiene Usually do same things before pregnancy Maternity clothes around 4 th month

11. Getting Ready for a Baby Role and responsibilities How we meet these responsibilities of childcare Each partner’s goals, skills, schedule, and personal characteristics Finances Maternity leave Law requires employers with more than 50 employees to give 12 weeks leave to workers for family reasons-can be used by either parent

12. Preparing for Parenthood Discuss ideas about parenting before baby is born Anticipate roles Other children in the family: Children under school age-not too early Children 4+, before people outside family Include in plans Changing living space Changes in the child’s life-toilet training Do not create unrealistic expectations Sibling changes, patience for negative behaviors Give reassurance and love

13. Choosing a Pediatrician Doctor who specializes in treating children Questions to ask: Where is the location and what are the office hours? How should an emergency be handled? When is the doctor available by phone? What hospital does the doctor use? How often are check ups? What are views on breastfeeding and bottle feeding? What is the philosophy on guidance?

14. Decisions about feeding Breastfeeding: many benefits Bottle-feeding: convenient Formula-a mixture of milk or milk substitute, water, and nutrients Personal decisions

15. Clothing, equipment, and space Clothing, bedding, bathing supplies, travel equipment Practical items first Separate room for baby? Crib or bassinet? Baby monitors Diaper changing area

16. Reducing Expenses Shop carefully Quality used clothes and furniture Relatives and friends Yard sales Secondhand stores

17. Making a budget Identify income Where does money currently go? Fixed expenses: cost of items that cannot change Flexible expense: have control over Medical care, health insurance Maternity clothes Formula Furnishings for baby’s room Child care

18. Childbirth Choices Prepared Childbirth-method of giving birth in which pain is reduced through the elimination of fear and the use of special conditioning exercises

19. What you learn in class What happens during labor and delivery Watch films of childbirth Tour medical facility Learn skills to cope with discomforts of labor such as relaxation techniques and patterned breathing coach

20. Who will deliver the baby? Obstetricians: specialize in prenatal and postpartum care of mom and baby Can handle emergencies and special situations Family doctor: may need to call an obstetrician if problems occur Licensed midwives: Certified nurse midwife- RN with advanced training in normal pregnancy and childbirth Lay midwife- special training in the care of pregnant women and normal deliveries, but does not have a nursing degree

21. Where will the baby be born? Hospital Family centered maternity care Classes Programs that help young children prepare for a sibling Programs for fathers and other family members to help during labor and delivery Birthing rooms

22. Birthing rooms cont’d Options allow mom to choose position they prefer for labor Special steps such as lighting and music Mom and baby can stay together for most of the hospital stay LDRP concept Alternative birth center- homelike rooms for giving birth, emphasize prepared childbirth, licensed midwives handle care, low risk deliveries