2. Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor?

3. Why should developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor?

4. Why should developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? The developing countries suffer from poor sanitary conditions, the lack of medical services and malnutrition. Helping the less fortunate

5. Why should developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? In India more than 100 million child workers are employed in different unorganized sectors. Helping the less fortunate

6. Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Our forests are disappearing!

7. Why should developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Protecting the Environment More forests have been cleared for farming.

8. Why should developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Protecting the Environment Farmlands are overgrazed or overcultivated.

9. Why should developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Protecting the Environment Oceans are overfished. How to do? The only hope of saving the environment lies in helping developing countries to get them out of poverty.

10. Why should developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Decreasing influxes of refugees Many parts of the world are troubled by the influx of refugees created by wars, natural disasters and famines. Refugees from Kosovo Refugees from Suai

11. Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? km U.S.A. Canada Europe Thailand Malaysia Indonesia Philippines Hong Kong Vietnam Flow of refugees Japan Decreasing influxes of refugees Since 1975 there have been waves of Vietnam refugees fleeing their country.

12. Why should developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Checking the spread of diseases Malnutrition weakens people’s resistance to diseases.

13. Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Why should developed countries help developing countries? Solving the problem of debts Many developing countries suffer the problem of debts.

14. Why should developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Solving the problem of debts Net Public Sector External Debt and Interest Expenses of Mexico Some countries cannot even pay the interest, let alone the original loan. Their debt problem must be solved or there will be economic crises in the world.

15. Why should developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Promoting trade Developed countries can benefit from the improvement of living standards of the people in developing countries.

16. Aswan High Dam in Egypt How do developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Financial assistance Financial aid is offered for a special purpose in the form of fixed aid.

17. Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? The Itaipu H.E.P. Project on the Brazil-Paraguay border

18. How do developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Technical assistance The introduction of Japanese rice cultivation practice has increased the production of rice in South and Southeast Asia.

19. Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? How Assistance Is Given? United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Internet United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Internet Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Internet United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Internet

20. How do developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Better terms in trade Developing countries can sell their products much more easily when the high tariff against goods are lowered or completely abolished. World Trade Centre

21. How do developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Investment in developing countries Foreign investment is much needed in developing countries as capital is lacking. Fuji Photo Film Company has set up branch factories in China.

22. Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Investment in developing countries

23. How do developed countries help developing countries? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Help In Debt Repayment As foreign debt grows, developing countries need a longer period for repayment of their debt. Some lending countries have generously agreed to reschedule repayments over a longer period of time. The Indonesia’s External Debt was US$ 138 018 billion

24. Should the governments of developing countries do something to help themselves? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Reduction of Military Expenses Many developing countries spend a large portion of their income on the purchase of weapons. China's military budget for 1997 climbed to about $9.7 billion

25. Should the governments of developing countries do something to help themselves? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Control of Population Growth Most people in the developing countries do not accept birth control because they are ignorant of its importance. India supports 16 percent of the world's population on only 2.4 percent of the planet's land area, according to the Indian government estimates.

26. Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Control of Population Growth China is the world's most populous nation, now has 1.27 billion people despite strict birth control policies.

27. Should the governments of developing countries do something to help themselves? Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Joining Trade Blocs International cooperation would greatly benefit the economic development of developing countries. The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Internet South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Internet

28. Terms to learn Unit 22 Can we narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? Refugees ( 難民 ) Refugees ( 難民 ) – people who are forced to leave their countries Trade deficit ( 貿易赤字 ) Trade deficit ( 貿易赤字 ) – the difference between a country’s import value and its export value. It occurs when the import value is greater than its exports Gross national product (G.N.P) ( 國民生產總值 ) Gross national product (G.N.P) ( 國民生產總值 ) – the total value of all the goods and services produced in a country, including income from abroad