1. APAH REVIEW PART II

2. Mannerism Madonna With the Long Neck by Parmigianino, 1535
Small oval head, long slender neck, long fingers
Exaggeration
Consciously ambiguous form and content

3. Late Gothic Arnolfini Wedding by Jan Van Eyck 1434
Almost every object portrayed sanctity
Symbolism
Record to sanctify marriage
Dog: Fidelity, Shoe: Holy Ground
Candle= Jesus

4. Northern Renaissance Adam and Eve by Albrecht Durer, 1504
Printmaking, engraving
Human proportions based on Greek sculpture
Detailed flora, fauna
Northern symbolism

5. Baroque in Italy Calling of Saint Matthew by Caravaggio 1600
Conversion of Levi
Jesus’s hand like Michelangelo’s Adam
Piercing ray of light = Divine
Chiaroscuro

6. Baroque in Spain Las Meninas by Velázquez 1656 Artist in studio
Optical & narrative complexity
Represented form and shadow
Tonal graduations: dark to light

7. Baroque in Flanders/Holland
The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp by Rembrandt Van Rijn
1632
Evenly placed subjects
Corpse: Diagonally placed and foreshortened
Student poses and expressions show personality
Use of light

8. Baroque in France/England
Burial of Phocion
by Poussin, 1648
Athenian general burial
Light: Even and revealing
Landscape is nature subordinated to a rational plan
Skies untroubled
Noble classicism

9. Rococo Return from Cythera Watteau, 1719 Fete galante
Feathery brushstrokes
Rubiniste color
Exquisite shades of color
Young lovers, island of eternal youth

10. Rococo The Swing by Frangonard 1766 Characteristics:
“Intrigue” picture
Landscape setting is out of Watteau
Glowing pastel colors and soft light
Convey the scene’s sensuality

11. Later China Stalks of Bamboo by a Rock Wu Zhen, 1347
Ink on paper, handscroll
Style= literati
plants differentiated
Abstract patterns in stalks, leaves
Calligraphic beauty of the strokes combined with calligraphy writing
Bamboo=symbol of gentleman

12. Later Japan Katsura Imperial Villa Kyoto, Japan, c.1650 Edo period
Relies on subtleties of proportion, colors, & textures
Achieves harmony with nature & garden
Rooms have sliding doors
Interior

13. Later Japan Cuckoo Flying Over New Verdure by Yosa Busan
Late 18th Century
Characteristics:
Fully Mature Style
Chinese and Japanese literati style by rounding the landscape forms

14. Later Oceania Bisj Poles Early to Mid 20th Century Characteristics:
Served as a pledge to avenge a relative’s death
Head-hunting raid
Decorated with figures of individuals who have already died

15. Later North America Katsina Figurine by Otto Pentewa
1959, Hopi Indians
Supernatural spirits
Rain bringing deity who wears a mask painted in geometric patterns symbolic of water and agriculture fertility

16. Later Mesoamerica Illuminated page from Borgia Codex 1400-1500
Characteristics:
Two vividly gesticulating gods
Ritual subjects
God of life = black Quetzalcoatl

17. Later South America Machu Picchu 15th Century
One of the world’s most awe-inspiring sights
Inka people= great architects
Fits into landscape
Large cut stones, terraced hillside

18. Later Africa Mbulu-nbulu Reliquary Guardian Figure
19th Century or Early 20th Century
Characteristic:
Severely stylized body said to have repelled evil
Heads simplified
Geometric ridges borders

19. Later Africa Seated Couple Dogon people, Mali, Africa
C.1825, wood, 2.5 ft h.
Shrine or altar
Gender roles prominent
Hunter & child bearer
Sexual body parts prominent
Conceptual image, abstract

20. Neoclassicism Oath of the Horatii by David -1784
Conflicts between heart and patriotism
Men= crisp edges, light & shadow
Women= softer
Classical motifs, e.g perspective, arches

21. Romanticism (Spanish)
The Third of May 1808 by Goya
1808
Use of light to highlight martyred Spanish rebel
French troops
Dark sky & church

22. Romanticism (French) Raft of the Medusa by Gericault 1818-1819
Actual historical, tragic event
2 triangles, despair and hope
Emotionally charged
Strong lighting and diagonals
Gericault and abolitionist –anti-slavery

23. Realism The Stonebreakers 1849 Gustave Courbet Social commentary
Somber colors, use of lines
Subject= real life
Workers with dignity

24. Realism/Pre Impressionism
Le Dejeuner Sur L’Herbe Luncheon on the Grass
by Manet, 1863
Identifiable persons
Broadly painted the landscape-painterly
Soft focus, strong contrasts, flattened
Allusions to previous works/artists, e.g.Giorgione

25. Impressionism Moulin de la Galette 1876 by Renoir
Subject= urban leisure
Informal composition, not centered
Dappled sunlight
effects of colors
Soft brushwork

26. Post Impressionism Starry Night by Van Gough, 1889
Used color to express himself
Communicated the vastness of the universe
With the turbulent brush strokes, the color suggests a quiet but persuasive depiction

27. Post-Impressionism Mt Sainte-Victoire By Cezanne, 1904
Made Impressionism “durable”
Order presentation of lines,
planes, & colors
Equally stressed bkgrnd & foregrnd
Juxtaposed colors
Clearly defined planes

28. Symbolism The Cry (Scream) by Munch 1893 Emotionally powerful
alienation
Departs significantly from a visual reality

29. Art Nouveau Casa Milá by Gaudi, 1907 Architecture as sculpture
Free-form, organic mass
Expressionistic
Undulating lines

30. Fauvism Red Room by Matisse 1908-1909 Everyday scene= genre scene
Color = Warmth
Colors contrast richly and intensely
Depicts objects in simplified and schematized fashion and flattening out form – no depth

31. German Expressionism Fate of the Animals by Marc 1913
Entire scene is distorted- Shattered into fragments
Colors of severity and brutality of war’s anguish/tragedy
Member of Die Blaue Reiter
Like Analytical Cubism

32. Futurism Unique Forms of Continuity in Space by Boccioni, 1913
Formal and spatial effects on motion
Forms integrated w surrounding space
Nude, powerful, velocity
Response to Cubism

33. Suprematism Suprematist Composition: Airplane Flying By Malevich, 1915
Simple rectangular forms
Pure idealism of forms
Wanted to free art from burdens of the object
Russian movement

34. Constructivism Monument to 3rd International By Tatlin, 1920
Honors 1917 Russian Revo
Abstract art=new society
Iron, glass model
Axis pointed to star Polaris
3 rotating chambers, ea w/
different purpose & rotation

35. Precisionism My Egypt by Charles Demuth 1927
Grain elevators reduced to simple geometric forms
American pyramids?
Fragmented using Cubism vocabulary

36. Dadaism Fountain By Marcel Duchamp Orig= 1917 Readymade (urinal)
Anti-art statement
“R. Mutt” =Pseudonym
Changes context of art and challenges viewers
Intellectual art

37. Analytic Cubism Ma Jolie, 1912 By Pablo Picasso “My Pretty One”
Shifting browns, grays
Shatters objects into parts/facets
Rearranged elements
Included letters, words
Co-founded with Georges Braque

38. Synthetic Cubism Still Life With Chair- Caning by Picasso 1912
Chair seems real
Painted and abstract areas don’t refer to tangible objects of the real world

39. INTERNATIONAL STYLE ARCHITECTURE
Villa Savoye
By Le Corbusier, France, 1929
“Machine for living”
Boxlike abstract forms of a house
Lifted off ground by pilotis
3 floors all related
Machined smooth panels

40. Organic Architecture Robie House Falling Water, 1939
By Frank Lloyd Wright
1909, Chicago
Emphasis= horizontality
Low roof lines
Japanese aesthetic influence
Cantilever construction
Free flowing interior spaces
Falling Water, 1939

41. Surrealism The Persistence of Memory by Dali, 1931
Allegory of empty space/time
Vast land, beach
Attempt to make it convincingly real

42. American Regionalism Nighthawks By Edward Hopper, 1907 Depression era
Motion stopped, time suspended
Evokes loneliness of modern man

43. Abstract Expressionism
No. 1
Lavender Mist
By Jackson Pollock
1950
Splattered, dripped
Action painting
All-over painting
Connects to Surrealism

44. Color Field Painting Blue, Orange, and Red by Rothko, 1961
                                                                                                     
Blue, Orange, and Red by Rothko, 1961
Spiritual portal
Interested in the relation between one color and another
No evidence of brushstrokes
Stained canvas

45. OP Art Three Flags by Jasper Johns 1958 Characteristics:
One of the first to rebel against abstract Expressionism by returning recognizable imagery to art

46. Pop Art Marilyn Diptych by Andy Warhol, 1962
Celebrities as commodities
Garish colors, flat application of paint
Right side evokes film strips
Silkscreening

47. Photorealism Big Self Portrait By Chuck Close, 1968 Superrealism
Based on photographs
Real, nonflattering
Methodical, grid approach
Not interested in providing insight, just visual accuracy

48. Neo Expressionism The Walk Home By Julian Schnabel, 1985
Mixed media, reaction against conceptual art
Story of king ambushed on “walk home”
Explores gestural abstraction

49. Post Modernism/Feminist Art
The Dinner Party
by Judy Chicago, 1979
A feminist Last Supper
Intended to interest worship of the female
Triangle symbolizes woman/goddess
Invited: Georgia O’Keefe, Virginia Wolfe, Sacagawea, Susan B. Anthony

50. Earth Art Spiral Jetty By Smithson, 1970 Great Salt Lake
Coil of black basalt, rocks, earth
Echoes spiral forms
of microbes in lake
Enduring power of nature

51. Postmodern Architecture
Portland Building
By Michael Graves, 1980
Block mass with decorated facades
Surface ornament & color have returned to architecture

52. Deconstructive Architecture
Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain
By Frank Gehry, 1997
Fragmentation, dislocation
Manipulating surfaces to distort forms
Unpredictable, chaotic