1. The Musculoskeletal System Textbook pp. 221-228 Workbook pp. 133-136

2. The Musculoskeletal System The musculoskeletal system comprises the bones, muscles and joints. It is the system that makes movement possible. Without it, we would not be able to stand, walk, write or even smile.

3. Bones Our bones make up the human skeleton. There are 206 bones in the human body. Names of bones: p. 221 A bone is a hard solid organ that forms part of the skeleton.

4. Types of Bone Spongy bone Compact bone

5. Parts of a Bone

6. Categories of Bones

7. Types of Bones

8. Functions of Bones Support Make up framework. Allow posture. Support and anchor organs. Protection Protect internal organs (ex: lungs, heart, brain). Movement Act as levers during muscle movement. Storage Fat and minerals. Production of blood cells Bone marrow produces formed elements in blood.

9. Structure of Joints

10. Mobility of Joints

11. Mechanics of Joints Flexion: decreases angle between 2 bones Extension: increases angle between 2 bones Abduction: increases distance between limb and body’s midline position Adduction: decreases distance between limb and body’s midline position Rotation: movement of bone around an axis

12. Mechanics of Joints

13. Mechanics of Joints: Rotation

14. Joints (Notes) A joint is a junction between two or more bones. Joints make it possible to perform various movements, for example: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and rotation.

15. Types of Joints