2. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-1 Chapter 4 System Software

3. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-2 Presentation Overview The Function of System Software The Function of the Operating System Software User Interfaces Personal Computer Operating Systems Server Operating Systems Operating Systems for Handheld Devices Utility Programs and Translators

4. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-3 The Function of System Software What is the function of system software?

5. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-4 The Function of System Software What is the function of system software? –tells computer what to do and how to do it

6. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-5 The Function of System Software What is the function of system software? –tells computer what to do and how to do it –issues instructions to perform actions in a certain order, allowing hardware to process data into information

7. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-6 The Function of System Software Two Categories of Software –Application software includes programs that perform one task –System software controls the operations of a computer system

8. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-7 The Function of the Operating System What is the function of the operating system?

9. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-8 The Function of the Operating System What is the function of the operating system? –manages main memory, or RAM

10. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-9 The Function of the Operating System What is the function of the operating system? –manages main memory, or RAM –configures and controls peripheral devices

11. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-10 The Function of the Operating System What is the function of the operating system? –manages main memory, or RAM –configures and controls peripheral devices –manages essential file operations

12. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-11 The Function of the Operating System What is the function of the operating system? –manages main memory, or RAM –configures and controls peripheral devices –manages essential file operations –monitors system performance

13. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-12 The Function of the Operating System What is the function of the operating system? –manages main memory, or RAM –configures and controls peripheral devices –manages essential file operations –monitors system performance –provides a user interface

14. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-13 The Function of the Operating System Commonly Used Operating Systems for Personal Computers

15. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-14 The Function of the Operating System Booting a computer is a series of steps that displays the OS desktop on the screen.

16. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-15 The Function of the Operating System Managing Memory

17. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-16 The Function of the Operating System Managing Memory –Throughput – a measure of computer’s performance

18. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-17 The Function of the Operating System Managing Memory –Throughput – a measure of computer’s performance –Buffers – hold information and data waiting to be transferred from input or output device

19. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-18 The Function of the Operating System Managing Memory –Throughput – a measure of computer’s performance –Buffers – hold information and data waiting to be transferred from input or output device –Print spooling – holds document in buffer until ready to be printed

20. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-19 The Function of the Operating System Managing Memory –Throughput – a measure of computer’s performance –Buffers – hold information and data waiting to be transferred from input or output device –Print spooling – holds document in buffer until ready to be printed –Multitasking – working on two or more applications at the same time

21. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-20 The Function of the Operating System Managing Memory

22. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-21 The Function of the Operating System Managing Memory –Driver enables the operating system to communicate with a peripheral device, such as a keyboard, monitor, mouse, modem, printer, or disk drive.

23. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-22 The Function of the Operating System Managing Memory –Driver enables the operating system to communicate with a peripheral device, such as a keyboard, monitor, mouse, modem, printer, or disk drive. –File manager maintains a record of all stored files and their locations, allowing a user to quickly locate and retrieve files.

24. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-23 The Function of the Operating System Managing Memory –Driver enables the operating system to communicate with a peripheral device, such as a keyboard, monitor, mouse, modem, printer, or disk drive. –File manager maintains a record of all stored files and their locations, allowing a user to quickly locate and retrieve files. –Performance monitor checks the computer system’s speed and efficiency, as well as performance of CPU, memory, and storage disks.

25. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-24 Software User Interfaces Command line interfaces require users to type a line of code at a prompt telling the computer what to do.

26. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-25 Software User Interfaces Graphical user interfaces use pictures or text symbols (icons) to stand for complex commands.

27. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-26 Software User Interfaces Graphical User Interfaces

28. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-27 Software User Interfaces Graphical User Interfaces –Desktop – screen on which graphical elements are displayed

29. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-28 Software User Interfaces Graphical User Interfaces –Desktop – screen on which graphical elements are displayed –Display window – area of the screen used to display a program or data

30. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-29 Software User Interfaces Graphical User Interfaces –Desktop – screen on which graphical elements are displayed –Display window – area of the screen used to display a program or data –Menu – set of options that can be activated with the click of a mouse

31. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-30 Software User Interfaces Graphical User Interfaces –Desktop – screen on which graphical elements are displayed –Display window – area of the screen used to display a program or data –Menu – set of options that can be activated with the click of a mouse –Common command icons – common actions such as opening, saving, or printing files

32. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-31 Personal Computer Operating Systems Windows Operating System

33. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-32 Personal Computer Operating Systems Windows Operating System –Windows 2000 Professional – used for business and network computers

34. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-33 Personal Computer Operating Systems Windows Operating System –Windows 2000 Professional – used for business and network computers –Windows XP Professional – designed for fast, powerful computers with much memory and hard disk space

35. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-34 Personal Computer Operating Systems Windows Operating System –Windows 2000 Professional – used for business and network computers –Windows XP Professional – designed for fast, powerful computers with much memory and hard disk space –Windows Vista – improves security, helps diagnose and repair system problems, and makes networking easier

36. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-35 Personal Computer Operating Systems Macintosh Operating System

37. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-36 Personal Computer Operating Systems Macintosh Operating System –Mac OS – has impressive graphics and ease of use

38. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-37 Personal Computer Operating Systems Macintosh Operating System –Mac OS – has impressive graphics and ease of use –Mac OS 9 – better speech recognition, supports files up to 2 terabytes, provides for many users, allows file encryption, and supports voice-entered passwords

39. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-38 Personal Computer Operating Systems Macintosh Operating System –Mac OS – has impressive graphics and ease of use –Mac OS 9 – better speech recognition, supports files up to 2 terabytes, provides for many users, allows file encryption, and supports voice-entered passwords –Mac OS X – uses UNIX operating system foundation

40. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-39 Personal Computer Operating Systems IBM OS/2 –runs programs written for DOS and Windows systems –used mainly for business applications

41. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-40 Personal Computer Operating Systems IBM OS/2 –runs programs written for DOS and Windows systems –used mainly for business applications Linux –an open-source software program (programming code is free to the public) –praised for stability, flexibility, security, low cost

42. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-41 Server Operating Systems Novell Netware

43. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-42 Server Operating Systems Novell Netware –widely used for local area networks

44. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-43 Server Operating Systems Novell Netware –widely used for local area networks –allows retrieval or saving of files from server’s shared hard disk

45. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-44 Server Operating Systems Novell Netware –widely used for local area networks –allows retrieval or saving of files from server’s shared hard disk –prints using a shared printer

46. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-45 Server Operating Systems Novell Netware –widely used for local area networks –allows retrieval or saving of files from server’s shared hard disk –prints using a shared printer –allows working off line as if on a stand-alone personal computer

47. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-46 Server Operating Systems Windows

48. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-47 Server Operating Systems Windows –Windows 2000 Server – Datacenter Server can support up to 23 processors and 64 gigabytes of data

49. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-48 Server Operating Systems Windows –Windows 2000 Server – Datacenter Server can support up to 23 processors and 64 gigabytes of data –Windows 2003 Server – Standard Edition intended for small- to medium-sized business; Datacenter Edition supports multiple servers

50. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-49 Server Operating Systems Windows –Windows 2000 Server – Datacenter Server can support up to 23 processors and 64 gigabytes of data –Windows 2003 Server – Standard Edition intended for small- to medium-sized business; Datacenter Edition supports multiple servers –Windows Longhorn Server – has Windows Vista benefits and offers server-specific tools, protocols, and utilities for network management

51. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-50 Server Operating Systems UNIX and Linux

52. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-51 Server Operating Systems UNIX and Linux –UNIX – a cross-platform system that runs any type of computer from PC to supercomputer

53. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-52 Server Operating Systems UNIX and Linux –UNIX – a cross-platform system that runs any type of computer from PC to supercomputer –Linux – an open-source software program designed for use with servers and large computer systems, including midrange servers and mainframes

54. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-53 Operating Systems for Handheld Devices Palm OS provides a graphical user interface used in various versions of Palm PDAs, Sony PDAs, and smartphones

55. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-54 Operating Systems for Handheld Devices Palm OS provides a graphical user interface used in various versions of Palm PDAs, Sony PDAs, and smartphones Windows Mobile used in wireless devices and other systems with embedded processors, such as smartphones and PocketPC PDAs

56. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-55 Utility Programs and Translators Utility programs and their functions

57. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-56 Utility Programs and Translators Utility programs and their functions (continued)

58. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-57 Utility Programs and Translators Utility programs and their functions (continued)

59. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-58 Utility Programs and Translators Firewalls prevent unauthorized users from accessing a personal computer or network connected to the Internet.

60. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-59 Utility Programs and Translators Shown is a simple payroll program written in DOS BASIC.

61. © Paradigm Publishing Inc. 4-60 On the Horizon Based on the information presented in this chapter and your own experience, what do you think is on the horizon?