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Economic Expansion and Change
Chapter 8 Section 4 Economic Expansion and Change
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The High Middle Ages is the period known “The High Middle Ages” Result of new farming technologies such as the : Plow, Harness, and Windmills
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3 Field System A system of farming which uses 3 different fields during each year Field 1 would have grain planted in it Field 2 would have peas and beans Field 3 would not have anything planted in it Done to let the nutrients back into the ground in field 3
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Why technology is important
Increase in food = increase in population From the population in Europe more then doubled
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New Towns Small centers of trade evolved into small cities
Ranged from 10,000 to 100,000 people Italy and Flanders had the most prosperous textile industries Charters: written document that set out the rights and privileges of the town Merchants paid the lord or king a lot of $ for a charter
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Commercial Revolution
More trade = More $ Merchants need CAPITAL: money for investments Started a need for banking houses Groups of merchants started pooling their money for large investments Insurance started
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Social Changes Money undermined serfdom
Pay in rent not in farm animals The middle class arises
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The Role of Guilds A guild is an association
Each guild looked out for its own trades Such as merchants or skilled crafts work Guilds made rules to ensure the quality of their goods What does the guild remind you of today?
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How do you become a member of a guild?
Had to work years as an apprentice: trainee Almost never became a guild master or had your won shop
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Woman and Guilds Often engaged in the same guilds as her father or husband Woman dominated some trades
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City life Protected by city walls Narrow streets and tall houses
No garbage collections or sewer systems
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