1. The Later Middle Ages (1000-1500)

2. I.A Growing Food Supply: 1. Warmer climate (800- 1200)

3. 2. New farming methods: a. Three-field system: allowed farmers to plant more crops each year

5. b. The more efficient horses replaced the oxen

6. c. New harness allowed the horse to pull heavier loads without choking them

7. 3. RESULT – More food = Increased population

8. II. Trade – population increase – trade increase, therefore towns grow

9. 1. Crusades: opened many trade routes between Europe and Asia

10. 2.By 1000, towns held fairs (markets were merchants sold their goods) ex. Cloth, salt, honey, cheese, wine, leather, knives

11. 3. MANORS are no longer SELF-SUFFICIENT!!!

12. 4. Trade caused need for MONEY! $$$

13. III. Guilds: developed in towns and cities and were associations of people who worked at the same occupation (union)

14. 1.Guilds controlled all wages/prices in their craft

15. 2. Must be a master at your craft to join a guild

16. 3. Becoming a master at your craft took years of training as an apprentice

21. IV. Bubonic Plague: (1300- 1400) Deadly disease which swept through Europe from Asia through trade routes

29. Monks disfigured by the plague being blessed by a priest

31. 1. Killed 1/3 of the population of Europe (25 million people)

34. 2.EFFECTS OF BLACK DEATH: Population dramatically decreased

37. Trade Decreased

38. Ring around the rosie Pockets full of posies Ashes, Ashes We all fall down

39. Decrease in population = decrease in workers, therefore serfs left the manor in search of better wages in towns and cities Ends Feudal System/ Manors

40. People lost faith in Church because of their failure to stop the spread of the Bubonic Plague Decrease in power of Catholic Church

41. Flagellants Decrease in power of Catholic Church

42. People became pessimistic about life and focused on death

50. Black Death Video Notes – 3-5 Facts/box Causes (Fact and Theory)Spread SymptomsResults

51. "Realizing what a deadly disaster had come to them the people quickly drove the Italians from their city. However, the disease remained, and soon death was every where. Fathers abandoned their sick sons. Lawyers refused to come and make out wills for the dying. Friars and nuns were left to care for the sick, and monasteries and convents were soon deserted, as they were stricken, too. Bodies were left in empty houses, and there was no one to give them a Christian burial."

52. "How many valiant men, how many fair ladies, breakfast with their kinfolk and the same night supped with their ancestors in the next world! The condition of the people was pitiable to behold. They sickened by the thousands daily, and died unattended and without help. Many died in the open street, others dying in their houses, made it known by the stench of their rotting bodies. Consecrated churchyards did not suffice for the burial of the vast multitude of bodies, which were heaped by the hundreds in vast trenches, like goods in a ships hold and covered with a little earth."