1. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 51 Alcohol

2. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol2 Motivation As a cadet, you need your health and a sharp mind. Drinking alcohol can damage your body and dull your intellect.

3. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol3 Lesson overview How does alcohol affect the body? What is blood alcohol concentration? What are fetal alcohol spectrum disorders? What are the effects of teen alcohol use? How can alcohol lead to injuries? What is alcoholism? What help is available for people who are addicted to alcohol? Why do some teens drink alcohol? Why should you avoid alcohol? How does the media influence our view of alcohol? What are some alternatives to drinking alcohol?

4. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol4 Quick Write Write a refusal statement that you can use to avoid the pressure to use alcohol.

5. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol5 How does alcohol affect the body? Alcohol—a drug that is produced by a chemical reaction in fruits, vegetables, and grains Alcohol is a depressant that affects Brain and nervous system Digestive and urinary systems Almost every organ in the body

6. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol6 How does alcohol affect the body? (cont’d) Mouth and esophagus Short-term: tongue, gums, throat, breath Long-term: tissues of esophagus

7. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol7 How does alcohol affect the body? (cont’d) Heart and blood vessels Short term: increased perspiration, flushed skin Long term: high blood pressure, damage to the heart muscle, hardening of the blood vessels

8. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol8 How does alcohol affect the body? (cont’d) Brain and nervous system Short term: slurred speech, blurred vision, difficulty walking Long term: brain cells destroyed, damage to nerves throughout the body

9. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol9 How does alcohol affect the body? (cont’d) Liver Short term: liver changes alcohol into water and carbon dioxide Long term: liver damage, cirrhosis Stomach and pancreas Short term: nausea and vomiting Long term: ulcers, inflamed pancreas

10. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol10 How does alcohol affect the body? (cont’d) The effect that alcohol has on a person is influenced by a number of factors. Body size Gender Time frame Amount Food Medicine

11. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol11 How does alcohol affect the body? (cont’d) Beer and wine contain a lower percentage of alcohol by volume than distilled liquors such as vodka or whiskey.

12. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol12 What is blood alcohol concentration? Blood alcohol concentration (BAC)— the amount of alcohol in a person’s bloodstream Expressed as a percentage of total blood volume BAC depends upon the amount of alcohol consumed, body size, and other factors.

13. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol13 What is blood alcohol concentration? (cont’d) BAC determines legal intoxication. To be intoxicated is to be physically and mentally impaired by the use of alcohol. Typical levels that determine legal intoxication are 0.08 or 0.1.

14. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol14 What is blood alcohol concentration? (cont’d) Binge drinking—the consumption of several alcoholic drinks in a very short period of time If a person’s BAC rises sharply enough, the person will stop breathing and die.

15. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol15 What are fetal alcohol spectrum disorders? Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD)—a range of alcohol-related birth defects Causes physical and mental problems Leading cause of mental retardation and birth defects in United States The only safe decision for a pregnant woman is not to drink alcohol.

16. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol16 What are the effects of teen alcohol use? Alcohol can interfere with a teen’s growth process. Poorer language skills Reduced levels of essential hormones Delayed onset of the menstrual cycle Effects on other aspects of sexual maturity

17. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol17 What are the effects of teen alcohol use? (cont’d) Serious consequences of teen alcohol use: Suicides Traffic deaths Violent crimes Date rape

18. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol18 How can alcohol lead to injuries? Drinking and driving Impairs a person’s vision, reaction time, and physical coordination Alcohol is also linked to deaths In motor vehicle collisions By drowning By fire

19. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol19 What is alcoholism? Alcoholism—a progressive, chronic disease involving a mental and physical need for alcohol An addiction to alcohol is both psychological and physical.

20. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol20 What is alcoholism? (cont’d) There are three stages of alcoholism. These stages are not the same for each alcoholic. Stage 1 Using alcohol to relax Needing alcohol to cope with life Lying about drinking

21. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol21 What is alcoholism? (cont’d) Stage 2 Missing school or work Denying that there is a problem Stage 3 Obvious problem Strong physical addiction Out-of-control drinking

22. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol22 What help is available for people who are addicted to alcohol? Recovery—the process of learning to live an alcohol-free life Recovering from alcoholism is difficult.

23. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol23 What help is available for people who are addicted to alcohol? (cont’d) Treatment depends on Severity of the alcoholism Available resources Treatment may include detoxification. “Detox” also helps the user to overcome psychological dependence.

24. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol24 What help is available for people who are addicted to alcohol? (cont’d) Types of treatment centers Detox units Inpatient treatment centers Outpatient treatment centers Treatment may also include Medications Individual and/or group counseling

25. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol25 What help is available for people who are addicted to alcohol? (cont’d) Steps to recovery Admission Detoxification Counseling Recovery Many alcoholics join support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). Sobriety (living without alcohol) is a lifelong challenge for alcoholics.

26. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol26 What help is available for people who are addicted to alcohol? (cont’d) An alcoholic’s drinking affects his or her family and friends. Alcohol abuse can be a factor in Family breakups Spousal abuse Child abuse Young people who live with an alcoholic may need help for themselves.

27. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol27 What help is available for people who are addicted to alcohol? (cont’d) Many alcohol treatment centers offer help to family members of the alcoholic. Support groups for families of alcoholics Al-Anon Alateen Others listed in Yellow Pages

28. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol28 What help is available for people who are addicted to alcohol? (cont’d) How can you help a friend or family member who has a problem with alcohol? Remember your most important responsibility. Tell the drinker about the harm of alcohol. Tell the drinker about your concerns. Encourage her or him to seek help. Help the drinker feel good about quitting. Provide helpful information.

29. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol29 Why do some teens drink alcohol? “I’ll look more grown-up with a drink in my hand.” “If I drink, I’ll be able to forget my problems.” “I’m stressed about this test. A drink will help me relax.”

30. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol30 Why do some teens drink alcohol? (cont’d) “My friends keep pressuring me to try alcohol.” “The ads make drinking look like fun.”

31. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol31 Why should you avoid alcohol? It is illegal. It interferes with your activities. It promotes foolish behaviors; people may embarrass/endanger themselves. It is not smart, does not make you popular, and is not a sign of maturity. It disappoints those who care about you. It harms your health.

32. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol32 How does the media influence our view of alcohol? Advertisements for alcohol show attractive people having fun. Alcohol companies spend billions of dollars promoting their products. Know the facts and use judgment. Harsh realities of alcohol use not shown.

33. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol33 What are some alternatives to drinking alcohol? Alternatives Become good at something that requires a steady hand. Join other teens for alcohol-free fun. Volunteer to help others. Learn something new. Advocate.

34. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol34 Lesson review Alcohol slows down the brain and nervous system. Alcohol also affects the heart, blood vessels, and digestive and urinary systems. Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is the amount of alcohol in a person’s bloodstream.

35. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol35 Lesson review (cont’d) Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders are a range of physical and mental alcohol- related birth defects. Alcohol can harm teens’ growth and development, and it is often involved in teen suicides, traffic deaths, and violent crimes. Alcohol can lead to injuries.

36. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol36 Lesson review (cont’d) Alcoholism is a progressive, chronic disease involving a mental and physical need for alcohol. A person addicted to alcohol can recover with help. Detox units Inpatient and outpatient treatment centers Support groups Counseling

37. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol37 Lesson review (cont’d) Teens drink alcohol for different reasons. To look more mature To avoid problems To relax As response to pressure from friends As response to advertising

38. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol38 Lesson review (cont’d) Alcohol should be avoided. Illegal Distracts from other activities Makes people act foolish Not smart Disappoints family and friends Harms health

39. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol39 Lesson review (cont’d) The media influences our view of alcohol. Advertisements for alcohol show attractive people having fun. The harsh realities of alcohol use are not shown. Alcohol companies spend billions of dollars a year promoting their products.

40. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol40 Lesson review (cont’d) Instead of drinking alcohol, one can learn a new skill, join friends for alcohol- free fun, or volunteer to help others or teach others to remain alcohol free.

41. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol41 Summary How does alcohol affect the body? What is blood alcohol concentration? What are fetal alcohol spectrum disorders? What are the effects of teen alcohol use? How can alcohol lead to injuries? What is alcoholism? What help is available for people who are addicted to alcohol? Why do some teens drink alcohol? Why should you avoid alcohol? How does the media influence our view of alcohol? What are some alternatives to drinking alcohol?

42. Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 3, Chapter 5, Alcohol42 Next Done—The dangers of alcohol Next—The American flag and other important national symbols