1. Mad Cow Disease----- -- The Past History of Mad Cow Disease
-- All about Mechanisms
-- Other analogous diseases
-- Great impact Mad Cow Disease Had Caused
B 湛茗任
B 藍士耘
B 魏士傑
B 龔瑋翔

2. The Past History Of Mad Cow Disease
Early history in 1913
1957 Carleton Gajdusek in New Guinea
1976 Nobel Prize in Medicine
1982 Stanley B. Prusiner’s experiment
1997 Nobel Prize in Medicine

3. Before introducing the early history of Mad Cow
Disease, we sincerely hope all of you know ……
Mad cow diseaseCow
= Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease&KuruMen
= ScrapieSheep

4. Early History in 1913 1. The story of Dr.Creutzfeldt
2. The story of Dr.Jakob

5. 1957 Carleton Gajdusek in New Guinea
About “Kuru” ………….

6. 1982 Stanley B. Prusiner’s experiment ……About “Prion”

7. What Causes Mad Cow Disease
In 1982, Stanley B. Prusiner purified the pathogen of mad cow disease in his laboratory.
He found that the pathogen was composed of a kind of protein and named it proteinaceous infectious particle.

8. Actually, there are two kinds of prion, PrPc and PrPsc
PrPc can be found in the brain of normal, health animals and does not cause diseases.
PrPsc is the prion that causes diseases.

9. The polypeptides that form PrPc and PrPsc are the same, but PrPsc is misfolded. The main secondary structure of PrPc is α-helix while that of PrPsc is β pleated sheet.
PrPsc can convert the PrPc it meets to the malady-caused structure.

11. PrPsc can be metabolic and will be stored in the neuron of the brain then kill the cell.
If too many neurons are exterminated, the brain will lose it’s original function and the symptons of the disease appears.

12. How Do Mad Cow Disease Spread?
In order to made cows grow better, people mixed the powder of bones they got after slaughtering with feed.
While making sheep bone powder, the prion that caused scrapie was mixed with it and then eaten by cows.
Prion won’t be decomposed in the stomach and intestine, and will be absorbed and transported into the brain.

13. Kuru CJD (Creutzfeld-Jacob Disease) Scrapie
Diseases related to the Prion (TSEs) Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies
Kuru
CJD (Creutzfeld-Jacob Disease)
Scrapie

14. Diseases related to the Prion (TSEs)
GSS (Gerstmann - straussler syndrom )
遺傳性PrP基因突變
CWD (Chronic wasting disease )　狂鹿症
FFI (Fatal familial Insomnia) 致命家族失眠症

15. The Influence of Mad Cow Disease on Economy.

16. Chain Reaction
Wheat
Cattle
Corn
Beans
Beef
Fast Food
Cream

17. Influence Stock Market Exchange Rate Livestock Breeding
Biotechnology and Medicine Industry

18. Epidemic
Quarantine
Kill All!!!
Globalization?