1. Drugs In Sport

2. How substances come to be prohibited
For a substance or method to be prohibited, it must meet two of the following three conditions:
The substance or method has the potential to enhance, or does enhance performance in sport.
The substance or method has the potential to risk the athlete’s health.
The substance or method is deemed to violate the spirit of sport

3. World Anti doping code Prohibited list:
At all times
Anabolic agents – Steroids
Hormones – EPO, HGH
Beta 2 agonists – Ventolin
Hormone antagonists and modulators
Diuretics & masking agents

4. Prohibited In competition only
Stimulants
Narcotics
Cannabonoids
Gluco-cortico steroids
Alcohol (some sports)
Beta Blockers (some sports)

5. Oxygen transfer or enhancement
Doping methods
Oxygen transfer or enhancement
Chemically or physically tampering with samples
Gene doping

6. Why do some athlete’s use PHD
Anxiety
Lack of confidence
Determination to win
Beliefs and attitudes
Values’
Appearance
Dependence

7. Environmental reasons
Influence of others
Family pressure
Media pressure
National identity
Financial rewards
Public reaction
Prestige / status

8. Narcotic analgesics
Pain killers used by athlete’s to mask the pain of an injury e.g. Morphine, Pethadine
Effects:
Loss of balance
Lack of concentration
Sleepiness
Slow Breathing
Nausea / vomiting
Aggravation of injury if keep training
Blurred Vision

9. Anabolic steroids
Manufactured version of testosterone (naturally produced in our body)
Used to increase strength & power
Reduces recovery time, more time for training

10. Health risks of anabolic steroids
Health risks of anabolic steroids. Medical experts see significant dangers in the use – and particularly the gross over-use – of anabolic steroids. Some of the effects are minor or only last while the drug is being taken; others are more serious and long-term. For example, anabolic steroids can cause high blood pressure, acne, abnormalities in liver function, alterations in the menstrual cycle in women, decline in sperm production and impotence in men, kidney failure and heart disease. They can also make both men and women more aggressive.

11. Stimulants Increased alertness Mask tiredness Hype you up to compete
Use will cause
Rise in body temp*
Rapid breathing
Loss of co-ordination & balance
Violent & aggressive behaviour

12. Diuretics
Increases fluid loss in body in an attempt to decrease weight
Used by athlete’s in weight category sports
Also used to dilute urine so as to avoid detection of anabolic steroids

13. Cont…
Use may cause:
Faintness
Dizziness
Headaches
Nausea
Poor balance / co-ordination
Muscle cramps
Kidney failure
Heart failure

14. Blood doping
Injecting blood into the body to increase the number of red blood cells, thereby increasing the O2 levels in blood
Increases energy availability & utilization
Primarily for endurance athletes
Risks of bacterial infections
Sharing needles increases risk of Hepatitis & HIV.
Blood clots, stroke or heart failure

15. Peptide Hormones & Analogues
Messenger hormones made of two or more amino acids
Increase Muscle size and strength
Two main types in Sport:
HGH
EPO

16. HGH
Synthetic version of a hormone primarily responsible for determining height
Used by athlete’s to build muscle and bone
Health risks:
Acromegaly – hands, feet & face grow very large
Joint & muscle problems
Diabetes

17. Health risks of human growth hormone If you believe all the hype – emanating mainly from drug manufacturers – hGH is a wonder drug that will remove wrinkles, reverse the ageing process, restore vitality and improve sleep. Nevertheless, there are some health risks. For example, too much hGH before or during puberty can lead to gigantism, which is excessive growth in height and other physical attributes. After puberty, inflated levels of hGH can cause acromegaly, a disease characterized by excessive growth of the head, feet and hands. The lips, nose, tongue, jaw and forehead increase in size and the fingers and toes widen and become spade-like. The organs and digestive system may also increase in size, which may eventually cause heart failure. Acromegaly sufferers often die before the age of 40. Excessive hGH in adults may also lead to diabetes.

18. EPO Pharmacological alternative to blood doping
Increases No. of red blood cells
Risks (same as blood doping)
If EPO levels are too high the body will produce too many red blood cells, which can lead to blood clotting, heart attack and stroke. In fact, EPO has been implicated in the deaths of several athletes.

19. Assignment Visit http://www.wada-ama.org Answer:
What is the current status for use of Clenbuterol, Caffeine & actovegin
What is the WADA monitoring program
Browse this site on ‘who will win the battle’

20. Cont… Download the ‘world anti doping code’
1. List the fundamental rationale of the code
2. Who’s responsibility is it to ensure that prohibited substances do not enter their body?
3. What else may constitute an anti-doping violation?

21. Visithttp://
Watch the video on prohibited substance and methods

22. Testing
You can be selected for testing anywhere, any time, and are subject to both random and targeted selection methods.
An ASADA Doping Control Officer (DCO) will organise and manage the sample collection session, ensuring that all procedures are followed. A Chaperone will notify, accompany, and witness you providing a sample.

23. Athletes may at times need to use a prohibited medication to treat a legitimate medical condition. A Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) is an exemption that allows an athlete to use, for therapeutic purposes only, an otherwise prohibited substance or method (of administering a substance) which may be present during competition.