1. 9/3/20151 The Challenge of Mobility in Europe Maciej Mączka, Institute of Aviation, Poland "Personal Air Transportation in Europe and opportunities for a revival of the small aircraft manufacturers" EPATS Conference ILA, Berlin, May 28, 2008

2. 9/3/20152 European globalised economy ESPON 2007 IMF 2007 Economy indicator: Gross Domestic Product (PPP) Year: 2008 European Union (27 countries) Estimated at 13 -14 trillion US dollars

3. 9/3/20153 Good: Thousands of advanced services firms Bad: EU share of World GDP increases thanks to integration, not the economy growth

4. 9/3/20154 Economy gets better under certain circumstances among which a good TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM is one of the most important

5. 9/3/20155 Transport networks CAR 215 389 000 cars in EU25 ESPON, 2005 EUROSTAT for 2004 +5 million cars/year +1 million km/10years 4 820 000 km of roads 58 100 km of motorways

6. 9/3/20156 Transport networks TRAIN 50 000 railcars in EU25 - 3000 rail cars/year 200 000 km of railway lines 5566 km* of High Speed Train (HST) 3474 km* under construction HST HSTc ESPON 2005 and UIC for HST location in 2008 EUROSTAT for 2003 * UIC in 2008 Construction of HST 1km = 27 000 000 €

7. 9/3/20157 AIR Transport networks 2570 airports and landing fields 85% of traffic CONCENTRATED at 43 large airports (HUBs) 5000 aircraft of commercial fleet 10 000 000 flights (IFR) EUROSTAT 2007 EUROCONTROL 2007 EPATS 2008

8. 9/3/20158 Volume of passenger-kilometers * EUROSTAT for 2000 ** Period: 1995-2004 Road transport (4,1 trillions pkm*; share: 86%; dynamics: +17,7%**) Train transport (0,3 trillions pkm*; share: 6%; dynamics: +8,6%**) Air transport (0,4 trillions pkm*; share: 8%; dynamics: +49%**)

9. 9/3/20159 Accessibility Multimodal potential accessibility measures transport infrastructure quality of modes (car,rail,air) POOR GOOD ESPON 2004

10. 9/3/201510 on interregional national and European destinations with underdeveloped transport network, where implementation of others modes of fast transport is irrational due to too low flow of passengers exists a TRANSPORTATION GAP

11. 9/3/201511 How to measure the gap? Knowing Origin- Destination passenger flows enables calculations. However, it is very difficult or even hardly achievable to gather such empirical data. Therefore a model should be built. Or - an existing model outcomes could be adopted… ?

12. 9/3/201512 Adopting origin-destination passenger flows from ESPON (KTEN model) (69%) Road pkm: 25 * 10^12 pkm (18%) Rail pkm: 6,7 * 10^12 pkm (13%) Air pkm: 4,8 * 10^12 pkm Total pkm: 36 * 10^12 pkm  Numbers are ESPON Project 2.1.1 MCRIT’s model output There are shorter distancesand longer distances

13. 9/3/201513 (69%) Road pkm: 25 * 10^12 pkm (18%) Rail pkm: 6,7 * 10^12 pkm (13%) Air pkm: 4,8 * 10^12 pkm Total pkm: 36 * 10^12 pkm  Numbers are ESPON Project 2.1.1 MCRIT’s model output EPATS estimations of the gap : c.a. 150 * 10^9 pkm How wide is the gap? There are shorter distancesand longer distances

14. 9/3/201514 European Personal Air Transportation System (EPATS) is a concept of Interactive Transportation System, which adapts aircraft, flight trajectory and transportation services to personalized passenger needs. It is to give travelers a free choice of transport mode, according to their need, and limited by their time value „Improving the energy efficiency of all modes of transport” according „European Energy Strategy for Transport” It enables origin-destination travel between all European regions at speeds considerably higher than car speed, and yet, at equivalent costs What fits the gap?

15. 9/3/201515 Conclusions Europe needs a new, supplementary mode of transport A mode that is harmonized with general trends (door-to-door, multimodality, energy efficiency) A mode that will give us a new tool to manage the challenge of mobility

16. 9/3/201516 Make your individual escape from massive car traffic

17. 9/3/201517 SOURCES http://www.espon.eu – European Spatial Planning and Observatory Network; ESPON Project 3.4.1, Europe in the World: Territorial evidence and visions, results by autumn 2007; ESPON Project 2.1.1, Territorial Impact of EU: Transport and TEN Policies, 2005http://www.espon.eu http://epp.eurostat.ec.eu – EUROSTAT, Panorama of Transport, 2007http://epp.eurostat.ec.eu http://www.uic.asso.fr - The International Union of Railways (UIC): UIC Project - Lasting Infrastructure Cost Benchmarking (LICB) - LICB Summary_Report UIC C 2006/12/15http://www.uic.asso.fr http://www.eurocontrol.int – CFMU Network operation report 2007, March 2008, ver.1http://www.eurocontrol.int http://epats.eu – EPATS D2.1 EPATS Potential transfer of passenger demand to Personal Aviation; EPATS D1.1 T1.2 EPATS Airports and facilities databasehttp://epats.eu