1. Slide 1, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Dr. Wolfgang Böhm Siemens AG, Mobile Internet wolfgang-j.boehm@icn.siemens.de Dr. Wolfgang Böhm Siemens AG, Mobile Internet wolfgang-j.boehm@icn.siemens.de Mobility in the Internet

2. Slide 2, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Order of Presentation Mobile IPv4 – how it works Mobile IPv6 – the better solution Advantages of Mobile IPv6 Mobile IP in Standardization Implementations Requirements for Mobility in Internet The Problem

3. Slide 3, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Order of Presentation Mobile IPv4 – how it works Mobile IPv6 – the better solution Advantages of Mobile IPv6 Mobile IP in Standardization Implementations Requirements for Mobility in Internet The Problem

4. Slide 4, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 IP Mobility – the Problem Internet Protocol routes packets to their destination according to IP addresses IP addresses are associated with a fixed network location TCP Protocol uses IP addresses and port number to identify a session

5. Slide 5, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 IP Mobility Problem Mobile Computer at Home Link: Internet Link C 204.71.200.xxx Link A 129.187.109.xxx Link B 129.187.222.xxx 129.187.109.40

6. Slide 6, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 IP Mobility Problem Mobile Computer to Foreign Link: Internet Link C 204.71.200.xxx Link A 129.187.109.xxx Link B 129.187.222.xxx 129.187.109.40

7. Slide 7, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 IP Mobility Problem Mobile Computer at Foreign Link: Internet Link C 204.71.200.xxx Link A 129.187.109.xxx Link B 129.187.222.xxx 129.187.109.40 Different Subnet Number

8. Slide 8, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 IP Mobility Problem Mobile Computer at Foreign Link: Internet Link C 204.71.200.xxx Link A 129.187.109.xxx Link B 129.187.222.xxx 129.187.109.40 Different Subnet Number ?

9. Slide 9, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 IP Mobility – Ideas behind Mobile IP One IP address for identifying a mobile node. The original & permanent IP adress at home link: Home Address One IP address for locating a mobile node. A temporary IP address at current (foreign) link: Care-of Address Transparency for higher layers (including applications) Home Address IPHome Address Home Address Care-of Address Dual Adressing Transparency

10. Slide 10, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 A Node that can move from Access Point to Access Point being always reachable for other nodes by his Home Address. a Router at the Home Network where the Mobile Node can register its Care of Address. Static IP Address of the mobile Host in his Home Network (e.g. used to identify TCP connections) Temporary IP Address that identifies the Mobile Node in a visited Network (CoA) The Router in the Foreign Network, that provides CoA Terminology in Mobile IP Mobile Node Home Agent Home Address Care-of Address Foreign Agent The node which is connected to the Mobile Node Correspondent Node for visiting Mobile Nodes

11. Slide 11, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Order of Presentation Mobile IPv4 – how it works Mobile IPv6 – the better solution Advantages of Mobile IPv6 Mobile IP in Standardization Implementations Requirements for Mobility in Internet The Problem

12. Slide 12, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Requirements for Mobility in Internet Mobility Increasing number of users asks for Mobility Support in Internet Transparency Mobility shall be transparent to all Protocol Layers above IP Routing Mobility shall be compatible to all Routing Protocols and shall optimize routes Easy to use Mobility shall be as easy to handle as with Mobile Phones in GSM Security Mobility shall not decrease security in Internet

13. Slide 13, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Order of Presentation Mobile IPv4 – how it works Mobile IPv6 – the better solution Advantages of Mobile IPv6 Mobile IP in Standardization Implementations Requirements for Mobility in Internet The Problem

14. Slide 14, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Mobile IP – Basic Mechanisms 1.Discovery of the Care–of Address (CoA) using Router Advertisements 2.Registering the Care–of Address 3.Tunneling to the Care–of Address

15. Slide 15, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Mobile IP Scenario Internet R R R Home Link Link A Link B Link C Home Agent Foreign Agent Mobile Node Node C

16. Slide 16, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Mobile Node registers at its Home Agent Internet R R R Link B Link C Home Agent Foreign Agent Mobile Node Host C Mobile Node sends Binding Update Home Agent confirms with Binding Acknowledgement 1 2 1 2 Home Link Link A

17. Slide 17, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Packet Delivery Internet R R R Link B Link C Home Agent Mobile Node Node C Node C sends to the Home Address of the Mobile Node Home Agent tunnels to Foreign Agent (CoA) Mobile Node sends directly to Node C 1 2 1 2 3 3 Foreign Agent Home Link Link A

18. Slide 18, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Tunneling Decapsulation Encapsulation Source Destination

19. Slide 19, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Order of Presentation Mobile IPv4 – how it works Mobile IPv6 – the better solution Advantages of Mobile IPv6 Mobile IP in Standardization Implementations Requirements for Mobility in Internet The Problem

20. Slide 20, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Internet Home Agent R R R Mobile Node moves Home Network Network A Network B Network C R Router Correspondent Node Mobile Node

21. Slide 21, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001  Mobile Node sends Binding Update  Home Agent confirms with Binding Acknowledgement Mobile Node registers at its Home Agent Internet Home Agent Mobile Node R   R R Network B Network C Network A Correspondent Node

22. Slide 22, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Internet  Correspondent Node C initiates connection and sends packets to the Home Address of the Mobile Node  Home Agent intercepts packets and tunnels them to the Mobile Node  Mobile Node sends answer directly to Host C Home Agent R Mobile Node    R R Triangular Routing during Initial Phase Network B Network C Network A Correspondent Node C

23. Slide 23, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Internet  Mobile Node sends Binding Update to Correspondent Node C  Now Correspondent Node can address the CoA of the Mobile Node directly Home Agent R Mobile Node   R R Normal Operation by Route Optimization Network B Network C Network A Correspondent Node

24. Slide 24, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Internet  Mobile Node sends Binding Updates to the Home Agent and to all the Nodes, he is connected to Home Agent R R  R R Mobile Node moves Network B Network C Network A Network D Correspondent Node Mobile Node

25. Slide 25, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Internet Mobile Node Home Agent 2 Home Agent 3  Mobile Node sends Binding Update to the Home-Agents Anycast Address of its Home Network.  A Home Agent answers with Binding Acknowledgement which contains the Home Agents List Home Agent 1 R R Dynamic Home Agent Address Discovery Home Agent 3 9 Home Agent 1 2 Home Agent 2-3 Home Agents List Priority

26. Slide 26, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001  Mobile Node sends Binding Update to the first Home Agent from the Home Agents List  Binding Acknowledgement; Registration OK Registration with selected Home Agent Internet Mobile Node Home Agent 2 Home Agent 3 Home Agent 1 R R Home Agent 3 9 Home Agent 1 2 Home Agent 2-3 Home Agents List Priority

27. Slide 27, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Packet Format Mobile IPv6 MN  Correspondent NodeCorrespondent  Node MN

28. Slide 28, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Order of Presentation Mobile IPv4 – how it works Mobile IPv6 – the better solution Advantages of Mobile IPv6 Mobile IP in Standardization Implementations Requirements for Mobility in Internet The Problem

29. Slide 29, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Advantages Mobile IPv6  Mobility already considered in design of IPv6  128 bit IPv6-Addresses allows Mobile Node to derive CoA from Router Advertisement easily  Stateless Address Autoconfiguration and Neighbor Discovery make FAs and DHCP-Server superfluous  IPv6 supports dynamically finding of HA efficiently by means of Anycast Address  Integrated IPSec-Functionality in IPv6 makes Authentication of Mobile IPv6 Packets easier (in MIPv4 IPSec is optional, in MIPv6 mandatory)

30. Slide 30, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001  IPv6 Destination Option allows coexistence of Mobile IPv6 and Ingress-Filtering  IPv6 Routing Header allows efficient Route Optimization  Mobile IPv6 control messages can be sent piggybacked with other IPv6-Packets  It is possible to take into consideration special requirements of Mobile IPv6 within IPv6 ... Advantages of Mobile IPv6 (ctnd.) draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-14.txt

31. Slide 31, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Order of Presentation Mobile IPv4 – how it works Mobile IPv6 – the better solution Advantages of Mobile IPv6 Mobile IP in Standardization Implementations Requirements for Mobility in Internet The Problem

32. Slide 32, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/mobileip-charter.html RFC IP Mobility Support (RFC 2002) IP Encapsulation within IP (RFC 2003) Minimal Encapsulation within IP (RFC 2004) Reverse Tunneling for Mobile IP (RFC 2344)... Internet Draft Mobility Support in IPv6 Route Optimization in Mobile IP Requirements on Mobile IP from a Cellular Perspective... Mobile IP in Standardization

33. Slide 33, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Order of Presentation Mobile IPv4 – how it works Mobile IPv6 – the better solution Advantages of Mobile IPv6 Mobile IP in Standardization Implementations Requirements for Mobility in Internet The Problem

34. Slide 34, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Mobile IP Implementations Solaris 4.4 BSD FreeBSD Linux Windows 95 Windows NT4.0 4.4 BSD Linux* Windows NT4.0 Mobile IPv4Mobile IPv6 Carnegie Mellon University, Helsinki University of Technology, IABG, Portland State University, Siemens AG, Sun Microsystems, Thomson-CSF, University of Lancaster, University of Singapore,... USAGI: http://www.linux-ipv6.org/ and links given there * Implementation by Siemens AG available

35. Slide 35, Dr. Wolfgang Böhm, Mobile Internet, © Siemens AG 2001 Innovating the Mobile World: Linux based MIPv6 from Siemens. Questions ?