2. Strand Two Technological Advances

3. 1900 - 1910 The Assembly Line - Ransom E. Olds -1901 http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventors/olds.htm http://www.answers.com/topic/olds-ransom-eli http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/himfordassembly.htm First Airplane Flight – Wright Brothers – 1903 http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/wright.htm http://www.wright-house.com/wright-brothers/taleplane.html#1903

4. 1910 - 1920 Edwin Armstrong – superhetrodyne tuner - 1913 http://inventors.about.com/od/astartinventors/a/Armstrong.htm http://users.erols.com/oldradio/ Air-to-ground/ground-to-air radio transmission – 1917 http://www.corp.att.com/attlabs/reputation/timeline/17air.html

5. 1920-1930 John Logie Baird – First working television http://www.museum.tv/eotvsection.php?entrycode=bairdjohnl http://www.bairdtelevision.com/ Edwin Hubble – Hubble’s Law – 1929 http://www.pbs.org/wnet/hawking/strange/html/hubble.html http://www.pbs.org/wnet/hawking/strange/html/hubble.html http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/questions/redshift.html

6. 1930 - 1940 Robert Watson-Watt – Radar – 1939 http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/robert_watson_watt.htm http://www.nndb.com/people/058/000206437/ Chester Carlton – Xerography machine – 1938 http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/xerography.htm http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/scitech/carbons/copiers.html

7. 1940-1950 Shockley, Bardeen, Brattain– transistor - 1947 http://www.velocitygcuide.com/computer-history/first-transistor.html http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/articles/lecuyer/index.html Konrad Zuse – first digital computer – 1941 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konrad_Zuse http://www.epemag.com/zuse/

8. 1950 - 1960 Sergei Korolev –Sputnik, first artificial satellite -1957 http://history.nasa.gov/sputnik/ http://www.russianspaceweb.com/sputnik.html http://www.nasm.si.edu/exhibitions/GAL100/sputnik.html Charles Ginsburg – First Video Tape Recorder – 1951 http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blvideo.htm John Backus – FORTRAN – computer language –1954 http://inventors.about.com/od/computersoftware/a/Fortran.htm “You need the willingness to fail all the time,” he said. “You have to generate many ideas and then you have to work very hard only to discover that they don’t work. And you keep doing that over and over until you find one that does work “ (Backus, 2007).

9. 1960 - 1970 Douglas Engelbart – first computer mouse http://sloan.stanford.edu/MouseSite/1968Demo.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1MPJZ6M52dI Arpanet – first internet invented – 1969 http://www.computerhistory.org/internet_history/ http://www.boutell.com/newfaq/history/inventednet.html Robert Dennard – Random Access Memory (RAM) – 1967 http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventors/dennard.htm http://inventors.about.com/od/dstartinventors/a/DRAM.htm

10. 1970 - 1980 Robert Baer– Magnovox Odyssey, first video game console - 1972 http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/33159-rise-of-the- videogame-ralph-baer-video.htmhttp://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/33159-rise-of-the- videogame-ralph-baer-video.htm http://www.thegameconsole.com/ Michael Shayer –First word processor, “The electric pencil”- 1977 http://www.digibarn.com/collections/manuals/electric-pencil/

11. 1980 – 1990 First city wide mobile network, Nordic Mobile Telephone Japan http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phone http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/7432915/ Sony – first compact disc player – 1982 http://www.sony.net/Fun/SH/1-20/h5.html

12. 1990 - 2000 Tim Berners-Lee – internet language, HTTP-1991 http://www.ibiblio.org/pioneers/lee.html http://info.cern.ch/ Saehan Information Systems - first MP3 player - 1997 h ttp://thelongestlistofthelongeststuffatthelongestdomainnameatlongl ast.com/first168.html

13. 2000 - 2010 Linden Lab – Second Life, virtual world http://lindenlab.com/ http://secondlife.com/ FDA approved artificial heart – 2004 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_heart http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AbioCor http://topnews.us/content/25775-first-artificial-heart-implanted- successfullyhttp://topnews.us/content/25775-first-artificial-heart-implanted- successfully