1. Pizza Box Challenges 1.The Generation Gap 2.Beat The Goalie 3.Mars Express game 4.Quiz Board 5.Hand Steady Device 6.Solar heating 7. The Great Marble Run www.yecscotland.co.uk @scdiYESC

2. Pizza Box Challenges 1.The Generation Gap : Team challenge to consider and present the best renewable energy options for a small island community 2.Beat The Goalie : Team challenge to create and present a ‘Beat the Goalie’ Game using ping pong launcher to project the ball 3.Mars Express game : Team challenge to design and make a board game of on expedition to Mars 4.Quiz Board : from T3C - Make an electrical quiz board to light a bulb when the questions are connected to the correct answers 5.Hand Steady Device : Design and make a Hand Steady game to produce a sound when the wire is touched. 6.Solar heating : Design and make a model solar cooker or water heater.

3. Imagine you are setting up a new Renewable Energy Company. You want to be part of a government backed initiative to use natural resources to generate electricity Your aim is to base your production on a small island, not far offshore, to supply power primarily to the islanders and additionally to the National Grid. Your job is to carry out a feasibility study and report back with your recommendations. 1. The Generation Gap

4. Information about different types of Renewable Energy production and the Geography of the island is provided. Working as a team, your task is to prepare a ‘presentation box’ showing how you plan to provide electricity on the island. Place map here Company logo Why locate here? Points to consider 1. The Generation Gap

5. Place map here Company logo Why Choose us? Points to consider You will need to show the company name and logo. Identify the advantages of your chosen generators. Suggest how you might overcome any disadvantages. Use the materials provided to show where you would locate the energy sources and the factory, and the area likely to be taken up by each. 1. The Generation Gap

6. The seas at the North coast of the island are very shallow Sunshine is very good : average temperature is 18°C Rainfall averages 5cm per month Tides: Strong powerful currents experienced on the South of the island Seas to the south of the island have vast oil deposits There are coal deposits to the North East of the island Wind is constant The river cuts through deep wide valleys as it makes its way to the sea in the West There are sheltered harbours and very rich fishing grounds in the South There is one forest in the South East, which has been turned into a bird reserve, and feeding grounds. Most of the inhabitants on the island are farmers Factory requirements : 3.5MW 1. The Generation Gap: About the Island

7. Outline the area taken up by each type of generator. Make ‘flag’ markers to show on the map where you plan to put the generators. Calculate the power output expected from your system and enter the totals in the chart provided. 1. The Generation Gap

8. Tidal : 0.5MW is maximum allowed if the generator is not to affect local fish populations. Solar: Covering the whole roof of the factory with solar panels will generate 0.5 MW power. Wind: A 1MW wind farm will be allowed on site. Geothermal: is not available at this location. Hydro: 1MW can be produced for the factory at this location. Biomass: is not available at this location. Wave : 0.5MW can be produced per 100m coastline (West Coast sites). Fossil Fuels : The Government Grant Scheme does not permit the use of fossil fuels. The Factory will require at least 3.5 MW electricity, preferably involving a maximum of 3 types of renewable energy sources. 1. The Generation Gap

9. Solar Solar energy is free. A solar power station does not work at night. It is expensive to build solar power stations. Lots of solar cells are needed to produce the same amount of electricity as fossil fuels. Solar energy produces no waste or pollution. Solar power stations are unreliable unless you live in a sunny place. Enough energy reaches earth from the sun, every minute, to meet our demands for a whole year. 1. The Generation Gap : Pros and Cons

10. Wind Wind turbines are noisy. The land beneath a wind farm can still be used for farming. Wind farms produce no waste or gases. Wind farms can affect television reception nearby. Lots of wind turbines are needed to produce the same amount of electricity as fossil fuels. Wind farms can be tourist attractions. Wind is free, no need to buy fuel. Wind farms are best next to the coast. Buying land at the coast is expensive. Wind turbines can spoil the scenery. 1. The Generation Gap : Pros and Cons

11. Wave Waves are a source of renewable energy. Some designs of wave turbine are noisy. You need a suitable site where the waves are strong. The wave turbine produces no pollution. A wave turbine has to be anchored to the sea bed to withstand the roughest seas. Wave turbines can ruin the scenery. Wave turbines do not produce a lot of electricity compared to fossil fuels. 1. The Generation Gap : Pros and Cons

12. Tidal (i) Barrages They don’t need fuel. There are very few suitable sites. They are very reliable. They only produce electricity about 10 hours a day, when the tide is moving in or out. They produce no pollution or other waste. Very expensive to build. Once the dam or barrage is built, the energy is free. They can affect the environment over a large area – feeding birds, marine life. (ii) Offshore Turbines They are like underwater wind farms. They are much easier to build. They don’t affect the environment in the way a tidal barrage would. There are many more suitable sites. 1. The Generation Gap : Pros and Cons

13. Hydroelectric Hydroelectric energy is clean and produces no pollution. Dams are very expensive to build. Once the dam is built, the energy is virtually free. Water can be stored above the dam ready to cope with peak demands. Finding a suitable site is difficult. Building a large dam can flood a large area causing problems for animals and people. It doesn’t produce a lot of electricity when compared with fossil fuels. 1. The Generation Gap : Pros and Cons

14. Fossil Fuels They were made millions of years ago and are NON Renewable. Coal can be easily transported to power stations. Oil and gas can be piped to the power station. Burning coal causes acid rain. Mining can destroy the landscape. Transporting oil on ships can cause sea pollution. Burning fossil fuels produce gases which cause the ‘Greenhouse Effect’. Very large amounts of energy are produced by burning fossil fuels. 1. The Generation Gap : Pros and Cons

15. Power Calculation Total Type of Generator Power SuppliedArea Required 1. The Generation Gap

16. 2. Beat the Goalie You will be provided with A kit to make a launch pad for a Ping Pong ball An empty Pizza box Bendy straws Cocktail sticks or skewers Coloured card Sticky tape Pens and scissors Your task, as a team, is to transform these materials into a simple ‘Beat the Goalie’ game

17. Making the Launcher The snap-on part of the battery holder should be used as an on-off switch Don’t wear out the battery too soon! The two motors should be connected so that they spin in opposite directions Clockwise on right, anticlockwise on left Teams may investigate the effect of changing the angle of launch of the ball 2. Beat the Goalie

18. Making the Game The completed launcher should be taped on to the front edge of the pizza box. It should fold out when the box is opened The goal should be constructed at the other end of the box, which is opened out flat. A goalkeeper should be designed, using the card and straws, to be operated by a player behind the goal The size of the goals is up to you, but the goals and goalie should fit in the box when not in use Safety glasses should be worn by those closest to the game 2. Beat the Goalie

19. 3. Mars Express Imagine you are working for a toy/games manufacturer who wishes to capitalise on the recent public interest in the NASA and the European Missions to Mars. Your task is to design and make a children’s board game of an Expedition to Mars, using available materials. The final product must fit neatly into the box provided.

20. 4. Electrical Quiz Board Design and make a quiz board with at least 4 questions and answers which will light a bulb or ring a buzzer when the correct answer is connected to each question Q1 Q4Q3 Q2 A A A A ?? Choose your own topic for the quiz and decorate the quiz board to match your theme.

21. Electrical quiz board An electrical Quiz board –lights up or buzzes if answered correctly Pupils choose their own theme for the quiz and design the board to give both the questions and the answers. Paper fasteners placed beside each statement allow you to place a connecting wire on the back of the quiz joining each question to the correct answer. The quiz can be pasted on to the top of the pizza box and the wires fed through the lid to connect with the battery The battery should be housed inside the box and the bulb or buzzer mounted on the lid. The circuit is complete when a connection is made between a question and the correct answer. (Buzzers need to be connected the right way round – red is positive, black is negative.) Resources: 1 pizza box Paper fasteners Connecting wire 1 battery and bulb or buzzer

22. 5. Hand Steady Device Design and make a Hand Steady game to produce a sound or light a bulb when the wire is touched. There are numerous versions of this challenge available on the internet, such as http://www.energizer.com/learning-center/sciencecenter/Pages/steady-hand-game.aspx

23. 6(a)Pizza Box Solar Oven Design and make a model solar cooker There are lots web sites giving details for this including: http://familyfun.go.com/crafts/solar-smores-673886/ Or http://www.nmsea.org/Curriculum/4_6/pizza_box_oven/piz za_box_ovens.htm

24. 6(b) Solar Heating Design and make a model solar water heater. http://pbskids.org/designsquad/projects/feel_the_heat.html This could be built into a Pizza box to be portable Ideal for simple experiments to research effect on heat absorption of colour, types and thickness of insulation, rate of water flow etc

25. Construct a channel that will transfer a marble the greatest distance and so take the longest possible time to reach the switch and set off the buzzer. The completed device should be presented to the W&G Patent Team (Teacher) who will evaluate its performance as a W&G Timer 7. Wallace and Gromit Challenge: The Great Marble Run Timer RULES: The marble run must be confined to the pizza box The marble should roll continuously once it is released. The marble should trigger a switch at the end of the run so that the buzzer can act as a timing device The device should be decorated appropriately Equipment Marble tinfoil Pizza Box 8 sheets A4 card Scissors 1 roll sellotape 20 paper clips 6 wooden skewers Buzzer circuit