1. Introduction to IPv6 NSS Wing,BSNL Mobile Services, Ernakulam 1

2. Current Version of Internet Protocol : IPv4 IPv6 Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) has been the underlying protocol for Internet for the last 30 years. Ever-growing number of internet enabled devices raise serious concerns about its limited feature set, robustness and above all, its scalability… 2

3. New Internet Protocol: IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 defined as a critical technology meant to address all those problems of IPv4. Will provide better service with existing applications… Will meet growing demands of new devices like Cellular phones,VoIP devices.. etc. How IPv6 address critical issues of IPv4 ? 3

4. Address Space: IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 has 32 bit addressing scheme (4 billion unique addresses) IPv4 address space exhausted by November 2010 NAT (Network Address Translation) used to overcome scarcity of IPv4 address space… 4

5. Address Space: IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 has 128 bit addressing scheme. 340 billion billion billion billion unique addresses available. 5

6. IPv6 address format IPv6 Eg. 3FFE:085B:1F1F:0000:0000:0000:00A9:1234 8 groups of 16-bit hexadecimal numbers separated by “:” Leading zeros can be removed eg: 3FFE:85B:1F1F::A9:1234 :: = all zeros in one or more group of 16-bit hexadecimal numbers (can be used once) BSNL NIB - 2001:4490::/30 6

7. End-to End connectivity :IPv4 IPv6 NAT doesn’t provide seamless end-to-end connectivity. NAT’ing a large network not only develop performance issues but also create a single point of failure. 7

8. End-to End connectivity: IPv6 IPv6 Every device connecting to internet can be given globally unique IP address.. NAT is not at all required.. Resulting improved performance and seamless end to end connectivity. 8

9. IP Address Autoconfiguration: IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 uses manual or auto configuration with a DHCP server.. Increasing number of new devices having no support for server dependent auto configuration with very large network need a different method… 9

10. IP Address Autoconfiguration: IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 support stateful auto configuration with DHCPv6 and…. Stateless or server less auto configuration is also supported. 10

11. Header Structure :IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 header contains all options and limited in size Intermediate devices have to read entire header to determine which all options to process Each device has to compute checksum of header Increased routing delay… 11

12. Header Structure: IPv6 IPv6 Simple header structure No size limit.. Optional parameters in extension headers… Ready to support any future protocol enhancements… 12

13. Fragmentation: IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 fragments the packet depending on the MTU of the outgoing link Every device along the path does it.. Reduced performance.. 13

14. Fragmentation: IPv6 IPv6 In IPv6 only end nodes do fragmentation. New concept Path MTU Discovery Intermediate devices never do fragmentation Improved performance. 14

15. Security: IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 designed with no security in mind… Security is assumed to be provided by end nodes or applications… IPSec is there but optional.. 15

16. Security:IPv6 IPv6 In IPv6 IPSec is mandatory.. AH- Authentication Header Enables authentication and integrity of data ESP - Encapsulating Security Protocol Enables authentication integrity and privacy of data IKE - Internet Key Exchange Protocol Helps negotiate and setup security parameters between end nodes Very much useful for e-commerce etc… 16

17. Quality of Service –QoS: Ipv4 IPv6 IPv4 QoS compliant devices are not compatible with one another 17

18. Quality of Service –QoS: Ipv6 IPv6 New field- Flow Label in IPv6 header Designed for per-to-peer applications like VoIP and other real-time applications. 18

19. Multicasting :IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 multicast supports only on subnets Most internet routers are not confugured to support multicast 19

20. Multicasting :IPv6 IPv6 Large multicast address range New concept- Anycast In Anycast packets are not sent all hosts in multicast range but to the nearest… 20

21. Mobility: IPv4 IPv6 3 scenarios : Mobile Devices,Mobile Networks,Ad-Hoc Networking Mobile IPv4 requires a special router in the location of the mobile node to properly receive calls Route optimization is available to mobile IPv4 only through an optional set of extensions. 21

22. Mobility: IPv6 IPv6 Mobility is a built-in feature through MIPv6 Features like Neighbor Discovery and Address Auto-configuration allow mobile nodes to function in any location without needing the services of any special router. Large address space ensures that each mobile device can have its own unique IP address. Roaming through different networks possible without interruption in service.. 22

23. IPv4 and IPv6 co-existance IPv6 Dual Stacking 23

24. IPv6:Typical Mobile Network IPv6 24

25. IPv6 Thanks… 25