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Skeletal & Muscle Unit
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Notes
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How many bones does the human skeleton contain?
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206
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Functions of the skeletal system
Give shape & support Protect internal organs Moves muscles Form blood cells Store calcium and phosphorous
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Bone Cross Section Marrow: manufactures red blood cells
Periosteum: soft, thin, covers and protects the bone Compact Bone: Hard, outer surface. Can heal itself when broken Spongy Bone: Porous, contains blood vessels, nerves Marrow: manufactures red blood cells
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Skeletal System is divided into two parts
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Axial Skeleton Skull (protects the brain).
Ribs ( protect lungs, and heart). Spinal column (houses and protects the spinal cord).
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Appendicular Skeleton
Legs Pelvis Arms Shoulders
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Types of Joints Immovable Movable Skull Pelvis Pivot Ball & socket
Hinge Gliding
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Ball & Socket: Shoulders and Hips
Allows arms and hips to move in any direction Can move in a full 360 degrees
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Pivot Joints: First two neck vertebrae & joint beneath elbow
Moves in a semicircle motion by twisting against each other
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Hinged: Elbows & Knees Move like hinges on a door Limited movement
Can only swing back and forth
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Gliding Joints: Spine, Wrists, Ankles
Slide against each other in a gliding motion Gives your wrists and ankles lots of freedom
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Immoveable joints are located in the:
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How many muscles do we have?
639
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Inside a Muscle Muscle Fiber Muscle Myofibril
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Vocabulary
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Appendicular The part of your skeleton made up of your arms, legs, pelvis and shoulders. Answer: 8700
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Axial Part of your skeleton that includes skull, ribs, and spinal column. Answer: 740
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Vertebrae Irregular bones that make up the spinal column
Answer: 23,000
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Cartilage Smooth tissue that acts as a buffer between bones.
Answer: 5678, 5687, 5768
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Tissues that fasten your bones together
Ligaments Tissues that fasten your bones together Answer: 77; 777; 7,777; 77,777
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Calcium The mineral found in bones
Answer: 500 thousand, 20 million, 1 bilion
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Periosteum The outer covering of bones.
Answer: Calcutta, Rio, Buenos Aires
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Ball and Socket These joints are found in hips and shoulders.
Answer: 72 x 32
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Gliding These joints are found in fingers and the spine.
Answer: 50,625
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Immoveable This type of joint is found in the skull and is fixed.
Answer:729
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Pivot These types of joints are found in the head and arms.
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Voluntary These muscles can be controlled consciously
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Hinge These joints are found in elbows and knees.
Answer: 200 x 200 x 200 x 200
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These muscles can be controlled unconsciously
Involuntary These muscles can be controlled unconsciously Answer: 2
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Skeletal Muscle tissue that is attached to bones and causes movement.
Answer: 10
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Smooth This type of tissue lines the walls of many organs and are involuntary. Answer: 33
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Cardiac Muscle tissue found in the heart. Answer: add 13
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Tendons These tough bands of connective tissue connect bones to skeletal muscles. Answer: subtract 32
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Strain An injury caused when a muscle is over stretched.
Answer: 63, 68, 65 (subtract 3 then add 5)
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Cramp This can be painful and is sometimes caused by too much exercise and not warming up properly. Answer:10, 9, 11
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