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Published bySarah Fisher Modified over 9 years ago
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Chapter 27 Sections 1 & 2 Chapter 37 Section 1
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Over 1 million different kinds of animal species Common features Heterotrophy Mobility Multicellularity Diploidy Sexual Reproduction
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Animals are heterotrophs They can not make their own food Most animals move from place to place looking for food Once food is located it is eaten and digested by the body
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Animals can perform rapid, complex movements They move by muscle cells that contract
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MULTICELLARITY DIPLOIDY Animals have multiple cells Examples: Skin cells, hair cells, muscle cells, kidney cells Adult animals have two copies of each chromosome One set from the father and one from the mother
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Almost all animals reproduce sexually by producing gametes (sex cells) Female eggs are much larger than male sperm
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Refers to an animals body shape Asymmetrical – irregular in shape Radial symmetry – have body parts arranged around a central axis Bilateral symmetry – body design in which there are distinct right and left halves
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Digestion Food is broken down Respiration Animals breathe (lungs, gills) Circulation Blood is moved throughout the body Nerve Impulses Messages are carried throughout the body Support Framework for the animal Excretion Waste removal
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Sexual New individual is formed from the union of male and female sex cells Asexual Does not involve the fusion of sex cells
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Organism Organ System OrganTissueCell
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Many different kinds of cells in the body Skin, muscle, hair, cardiac (heart), etc Stem Cells Cells that have the potential to develop into any type of cell Research is being done to use stem cells to repair damaged tissue
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A group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. Epithelial Lines the body Nervous Carries information throughout body Connective Supports, protects, insulates body Muscle Responsible for movement
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Two or more types of tissues working together to perform a specific function Circulatory – transports nutrients, wastes, etc Digestive – breaks down food Endocrine – regulates body Excretory – removes wastes Immune – fights disease Integumentary – (skin) – protects body Muscular - movement Nervous – controls and regulates body Reproductive – produces offspring Respiratory – moves air Skeletal – protects and supports body
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Cranial – holds the brain Thoracic – upper chest (lungs, heart, protected by rib cage) Spinal – down center of back, holds spinal cord and nerves Abdominal – digestive organs (stomach, gall bladder, liver, pancreas)
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Humans are endotherms, like all mammals. Humans maintain a constant body temperature of 37ºC (98.6ºF) The human body uses a great deal of energy to maintain a constant body temperature.
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