1. PeachNet SM & IP Telephony E. Michael Staman Georgia Board of Regents Mike_Staman@OIT.PeachNet.EDU (404) 656-6174

2. Vice Chancellor/CIO Associate Vice Chancellor Assistant Vice Chancellor Instructional Technology Executive Director, Virtual Library, Customer & Info Services PeachNet PeopleSoft’s HR Virtual Library Virtual University Distance Education Faculty Development Enterprise Support SCT’s Banner Help Desk Publications Events Mgmt

4. PeachNet SM & IP Telephony Alan M. Brown Georgia Board of Regents Alan@PeachNet.EDU (404) 656-6174

5. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 5 Agenda PeachNet & Georgia IP Telephony Telephony in Georgia Education IP Telephony - Technology PeachNet IP Telephony Trials Futures

6. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 6 PeachNet Network for Education in Georgia Members –51 University System –159 Public Libraries –All 181 K-12 School Districts Plus 80 other K-12 Entities –26 Private Univ., Colleges, and Schools Administered by Board of Regents of University System of Georgia (USG)

7. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 7 Georgia 159 counties + ~ 800 cities ~ 250 x 300 square miles 34 Telcos 5 full LATAs + 2 partials Myriad education boards & agencies ~ 3.5 M live in Atlanta toll-free zone ~ 120 distinct toll-free zones

8. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 8 PeachNet in Transition - Yesterday’s Backbone Network IP Routed network T1 leased circuits No IP Multicast Supports 300 56 Kb sites, 140 T1 sites, some 2,3,4,5xT1 sites Congested backbone links, up to 5 x T1 via multilink PPP Future scalability was limited

9. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 9 PeachNet in Transition - Tomorrow’s Backbone Network IP Optimized over ATM Switched net OC-12 fiber & OC-3 leased circuits Scalable through OC-48 Supports 56 Kb through OC-3 sites Quality of Service enabled IP Multicast enabled Network will be Ready! For what?

10. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 10 PeachNet - ATM Core

11. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 11 PeachNet - ATM Core IP/ATM Backbone

12. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 12 PeachNet Infrastructure OSPF is IGP –10 areas 23 major hub sites County hubs as needed Bandwidth will follow Moore’s Law (commodity?)

13. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 13 USG “Givens” IP will be the dominant and ubiquitous enterprise protocol for at least the next 10 years Ethernet will continue to be the ubiquitous enterprise desktop connectivity for at least the next 10 years

14. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 14 Agenda PeachNet & Georgia IP Telephony Telephony in Georgia Education IP Telephony - Technology PeachNet IP Telephony Trials Futures

15. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 15 IP Telephony Opportunities? Bypass long distance Reduce # of access lines Cost savings, maybe Convergence of technologies Focus on IP network, not multiple nets Integration with video Integrated messaging

16. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 16 Carriers Are Thinking about VoIP AT&T Global Clearinghouse for billing, call admin., etc.; also testing ICG Netcon On-Line testing now at 5.9 ¢/min in 166 cities Qwest testing now at 7.5 ¢/min in 125 metropolitan service areas Sprint testing now at 7.5 ¢/min Preparing tariffs

17. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 17 IP Telephony Market From GartnerGroup 1999/01/01 –Although the Market for Internet-based telephony should reach $3 billion by 2003, it will constitute just two tenths of 1 percent of the total network service market of $1.4 trillion. –IP Telephony is in “Slow Growth” stage of technological maturity

18. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 18 Agenda PeachNet & Georgia IP Telephony Telephony in Georgia Education IP Telephony - Technology PeachNet IP Telephony Trials Futures

19. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 19 The State’s Telephony Today Managed by State Telecom agency –54 % overhead added by them Leased ESSX/Centrex yields equivalent PBX functionality State Telecom aggregates LD calls –Largest trunks are 4xT1 between LATAs Insignificant vs. the 100xT1s of OC-3

20. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 20 USG LD Costs Today Total LD ~ $6,000,000 annually –Within Georgia ~ 10 ¢ per minute –Outside Georgia ~ 14 ¢ per minute –Credit Card ~ 15 ¢ per minute –Intra 40%, Inter 55%, Credit 5% –63 million call minutes If we could save 1/2 of it somehow … $6M x 40% x 1/2 is $1.2M

21. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 21 USG Local Service Costs Today Total local - $26,000,000 annually ~ 35,000 (?) lines, excluding dormitories

22. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 22 Agenda PeachNet & Georgia IP Telephony Telephony in Georgia Education IP Telephony - Technology PeachNet IP Telephony Trials Futures

23. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 23 IP Telephony as a Technology Circuit Switched Expensive Dedicated bandwidth “Toll” quality Highly regulated –Price –Service levels Packet Switched Cheap (relatively) Shared bandwidth Quality affected by delay and jitter Approaching “Toll” quality Unregulated (temporarily)

24. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 24 “Toll” Quality Subjective measurement Better than business quality (cellular) Much less than audiophile wants Level of distortion –Just perceptible –Not annoying

25. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 25 What Affects Quality? Delay (latency) Delay variance (jitter) Echo (cancellation) Background noise (insertion)

26. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 26 Delay Factors Cumulative transmission path delay ITU G.114 Recommendation is < 150 msec 1-way delay Fixed: propagation, serialization, processing (coding, compression) Variable: queuing, de-jitter buffers, variable packet sizes (jumbograms) Dropped packets

27. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 27 What Helps Delay and Jitter? Congestion management (e.g., WFQ) Signaling (IP precedence, RSVP) Multilink PPP MTU size reduction RTP header compression Better compression w/DSPs –CS-A CELP (G.729) 8 Kbps Silence suppression

28. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 28 Lab Test Results BCR, published 01/1998 –Tested 5 vendors –Latency down to 62 msec (one way) –Toll quality for all with ideal conditions –Toll quality for only one vendor with poor network (10% IP packet error) –Bandwidth required down to 12 Kbps (one way)

29. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 29 Agenda PeachNet & Georgia IP Telephony Telephony in Georgia Education IP Telephony - Technology PeachNet IP Telephony Trials Futures

30. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 30 Trial LD Solution Use existing telephones & PBXs Use standard interior phone lines Keep familiar dialing plan Requires staged dial tone Dial into Atlanta only; not symmetric Limited accounting Avoid becoming common carrier

31. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 31 Trial Questions Quality Compatibility (with existing telco) Ease of use Costs projected for more sites Interoperability (with other VoIP) Maximize throughput & minimize latency, independent of traffic patterns

32. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 32 Equipment for Trial Major dial areas Atlanta, Savannah, Augusta, Athens, & Albany: 5 x Cisco 3640 –10 x Office ports –2 x Station ports –Ethernet –$16,400 list each Other dial areas Macon, Valdosta, Statesboro, & Columbus: 5 x Cisco 3620 –2 x Office ports –2 x Station ports –Ethernet –$7,800 list each

33. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 33 PeachNet Trial Infrastructure Cisco 3640s Cisco 3620s Atlanta Toll- Free Dialing

34. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 34 Cisco 3640, 3620 Voice interfaces analog only –Telephone –Office (switch) Future digital T1/PRI, maybe? Modular, mix & match

35. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 35 Equipment for Trial (addl) Home offices: –5 x Cisco 2610 –2 x Station ports –Ethernet –T1 with CSU/DSU –$7,995 list each –Fixed configuration

36. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 36 Use of IP/Voice Gateway PeachNet PBX PBX Phone IP/PSTN Gateway Graphics from Selsius & Modified C3640 Ethernet “Office” port Analog Voice Circuit PBX Interior Line - Provisioned for PBX-sourced calls only ~ $8.00 per month

37. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 37 Voice over IP (Long Distance) PeachNet PBX Phone PBX PeachNet PBX Augusta Savannah PBX Phone IP/PSTN Gateway PBX IP/PSTN Gateway IP/PSTN Gateway Graphics from Selsius & Modified Atlanta C3640 C3620 (706) 721-xxxx (912) 369-xxxx (404) xxx-xxxx (770) xxx-xxxx (678) xxx-xxxx PSTN x3333 (404) 111-1111 x3000 x2222 x2000 (404) 111-1111

38. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 38 Use of VoIP for Home Office PeachNet Phone IP/PSTN Gateway Graphics from Selsius & Modified C2610 T1 “Office” port Analog Voice Circuit Ethernet PSTN “Station” port

39. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 39 Agenda PeachNet & Georgia IP Telephony Telephony in Georgia Education IP Telephony - Technology PeachNet IP Telephony Trials Futures

40. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 40 Future Trial - Local Service Uses special phones –IP/Ethernet telephone –PC with H.323 soft phone NT server with PBX functionality IP/PSTN Gateway –PSTN trunk or standard voice line Trials later this year with Selsius & Lucent

41. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 41 IP/PSTN Gateways PSTN trunk interface Analog fax/phone/modem IP/PSTN Gateway IP Phone User Instrument Ethernet IP telephone PC with H.323 softphone H.323 wireless handsets Voice over IP (Local Service) Call Processing NT server PBX functionality Call Manager Graphics from Selsius & Modified PeachNet PSTN

42. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 42 Future Integration with Video Audio bridge function via MCU H.323

43. Net@EDU Focus on IP Telephone February 1999 - Alan M. Brown © 1999 Georgia Board of Regent - PeachNet Slide 43 Ultimate Future? Streaming Server 1 Local gateway PSTN PBX Phone Central gateway PBX PSTN Phone Central gateway PSTN Local gateway CP Server 3 App Server 2 IP Phone PC Phone Application CP Server 1 App Server 1 PC Phone Application PC Phone Application IP Phone Campus Net Remote Office PeachNet