1. Explaining Stroke _ Stroke is a Brain Attack!

2. Be Stroke Smart Recognize Stroke Symptoms Reduce Stroke Risk Respond : At the first sign of stroke, Call 911 or Get to the Hospital Fast! The “3 R’s” of Stroke: 80% of all Strokes are Preventable!

3. Definition of Stroke Sudden brain damage Lack of blood flow to the brain caused by a clot or rupture of a blood vessel Ischemic = Clot (most common) Hemorrhagic = Bleed - Bleeding around brain - Bleeding into brain EmbolicThrombotic

4. Brain Attack! Stroke is a “Brain Attack.” Stroke happens in the brain not the heart Stroke is an emergency. Call 911 for emergency treatment.

5. Prominent People Who Had Strokes Mary Kay Ash Charles Schultz Harry Caray Charles Dickens Ed Koch Ted Williams President Gerald Ford Teddy Bruschi Sharon Stone Della Reese Kirk Douglas Roy Horn of Siegfried & Roy

6. Stroke Facts in America Third leading cause of death in the United States 750,000 Americans suffer strokes each year 150,000 deaths each year 6,000,000 stroke survivors

7. Stroke Facts in America A leading cause of adult disability Up to 80% or 600,000 strokes are preventable Every 45 seconds, someone suffers a stroke Twice as many women die from stroke every year than from breast cancer

8. African Americans & Stroke Incidence is nearly double that of Caucasians African Americans suffer more extensive physical impairments Twice as likely to die from stroke High incidence of risk factors for stroke –Hypertension –Diabetes –Obesity –Smoking –Sickle cell anemia

9. Women & Stroke Stroke kills more than twice as many American women every year as breast cancer More women than men die from stroke Women over age 30 who smoke and take high-estrogen oral contraceptives have a stroke risk 22 times higher than average

10. Stroke Symptoms Severe headache Trouble seeing in one or both eyes Sudden dizziness Sudden numbness Sudden confusion Trouble speaking If you see someone having any of these symptoms, Get to the Hospital Fast! or Call 911: Every Minute Counts

11. Think FAST! F = Face: ask the person to smile A = Arm: ask the person to raise both arms S = Speech: ask the person to speak a simple sentence T = Time: to call 911

12. TIA or Mini-Stroke Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are a warning sign of stroke Symptoms of TIAs are same as stroke Symptoms resolve within minutes to hours More than 1/3 of TIA patients will have a stroke National Stroke Association’s Recurrent Stroke Prevention Guidelines

13. The Perceptions of Stroke Myth Stroke is not preventable Stroke cannot be treated Stroke only strikes the elderly Stroke happens in the heart Stroke recovery ends after 6 months Reality Up to 80% percent of strokes are preventable Stroke requires emergency treatment Anyone can have a stroke Stroke is a “Brain Attack” Stroke recovery can last a lifetime

14. The Cost of Stroke More than $62 Billion Annually

15. Up to 80% of strokes are preventable! National Stroke Association developed these guidelines to help people reduce their risk for stroke…

16. National Stroke Association’s Stroke Prevention Guidelines 1.Know your blood pressure. Have it checked at least annually. If it is elevated, work with your doctor to control it. 2.Find out if you have atrial fibrillation (AF). AF is a type of irregular heart beat. 3.If you smoke, stop.

17. National Stroke Association’s Stroke Prevention Guidelines (continued) 4. If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation. 5. If you have high cholesterol, work with your doctor to control it. 6. If you are diabetic, follow your doctor’s recommendations carefully to control your diabetes.

18. National Stroke Association’s Stroke Prevention Guidelines (continued) 7. Include exercise in the activities you enjoy in your daily routine 8. Enjoy a lower sodium (salt), lower fat diet 8.Work with your doctor if you have circulation problems 10. If you experience any stroke symptoms, seek immediate medical attention. Get to the hospital fast or call 911.

19. Reasons Patients Don’t Seek Immediate Treatment Don’t recognize symptoms Denial Think nothing can be done Worry about cost Think symptoms will disappear Fear hospitals

20. Acute Stroke Treatment Ischemic stroke (Brain Clot) Clot Buster: Tissue Plasminogen Activator (t- PA) Devices: Merci Retriever Hemorrhagic Stroke (Brain Bleed) Clipping Coiling

21. Stroke Recovery 10% of stroke survivors recover almost completely 25% recover with minor impairments 40% experience moderate to severe impairments requiring special care 10% require care within either a skilled-care or other long-term care facility 15% die shortly after the stroke

22. Types of Stroke Rehabilitation Physical Therapy (PT) –Walking, range of movement Occupational Therapy (OT) –Taking care of one’s self Speech Language Therapy –Communication skill, swallowing, cognition Recreational Therapy –Cooking, gardening, etc.

23. Life at Home for Stroke Survivors and Family Behavior Depression & Anger Emotional Liability One-sided Neglect Memory Loss Communication Problems

24. Life at Home for Stroke Survivors and Family Daily living skills Dressing and grooming Diet, nutrition and eating difficulties Skin care problems Pain Sexuality/Intimacy

25. Recovery Services Rehabilitation Unit in the Hospital In-patient Rehabilitation Facility Home Bound Therapy Home with Outpatient Therapy Long-term Care Facility Community-based Programs

26. Reduce the Impact of Stroke Stroke is a Brain Attack! –Preventable and treatable The “3 R’s” of Stroke –Reduce Risk –Recognize Stroke Symptoms –Respond immediately: Get to the hospital fast, or call 911. Every minute counts!

27. National Stroke Association Reduce the Incidence and Impact of Stroke Advocate Stroke Prevention and Public Education Promote Professional Education and Training Advance Stroke Research Serve as a Resource for Stroke Survivors and Caregivers

28. NSA Materials

29. National Stroke Association Toll-Free Information: 1-800-STROKES (787-6537) www.stroke.org