1. RM/ORM Risk Management in the ANG

2. Why should you implement Risk Management strategies on and off-duty?
RM Discussion
Why should you implement Risk Management strategies on and off-duty?
Speaker Notes:
Ask this question to start off the conversation about the importance of Risk Management.

3. Ground Mishap Statistics FY 09-13
USAF wide spent $306,113,584 on 43,569 reports
Total ANG Lost Workdays: 16,236 days
USAF Fatalities:
Personal Motor Vehicle (71% of all fatalities)
PMV-4 (Motor Vehicle): 89
PMV-2 (Motorcycle): 95
Sports, Rec, Fitness: 37
What specific strategies would you use to avoid PMV mishaps?
What specific strategies would you use to avoid sports related mishaps?
Speaker Notes:
Let the audience know that you will be starting with ground and aviation statistics that relate to human factor mishaps from FY
These are ground mishap statistics for FY
USAF spent $306,113,584 on 43,569 reports on total costs with injury from ground mishaps during FY USAF spent $86,192,516 in In the ANG, there were 16,236 total lost workdays from ground mishaps from FY This equates to a total loss of 44.5 years.
There were a total of 187 fatalities in FY from Personal motor vehicle accidents. This accounts for 71% of fatalities in the USAF. There were 89 that were PMV-4 (Motor Vehicle and 95 PMV-2 (Motorcycle) accidents. There were 37 fatalities from Sports, Rec, Fitness accidents.
There is a 1:10 ratio of on-and-off-duty ground fatalities.
Highest Cost of Mishap by Age: 53+
Ask them what specific strategies they would use for avoiding PMV and sports related mishaps?

4. Aviation Mishap Statistics FY 09-13
USAF wide total human factor related aviation mishap cost: $520,528,667
Total ANG human factor related aviation mishap cost: $31,439,991
Aviation Leading Human Factors Class A USAF Mishaps
Channelized Attention
Procedural Error
PC208 Complacency
Risk Assessment
Error Due to Misperception
What strategies can you implement to avoid these type of human factor
mishaps?
Speaker Notes:
These are statistics for aviation mishap statistics for FY
USAF spent $520,528,667 on human factor related mishaps with injuries during FY
The ANG includes $31,439,991 of that total costs with human factor related costs with injuries during FY
These are the top aviation leading human factors Class A Mishaps FY 09-13
Channelized Attention
Procedural Error
PC208 Complacency
Risk Assessment
Error Due to Misperception
Checklist Errors
Decision Making
All of these factors listed are human factors that could have been avoided and cost the ANG $31,439,991
Ask the audience what they can do to avoid human factor mishaps?

5. What is Risk Management?
Risk Management is a decision-making
process that:
Determines best course of action
Identifies risks & benefits
Maximizes capabilities while limiting risks
Increases overall mission effectiveness while preserving lives & precious resources
Speaker Notes:
Risk Management is a decision-making process that:
Systematically evaluates possible courses of action (COAs)
Identifies risks & benefits
Determines the best COA for any given situation.
Enables personnel to maximize capabilities while limiting risks through application of a simple, systematic process appropriate for all personnel & functions in both on- & off-duty situations
Increases an organization’s & individual’s ability to safely & effectively accomplish their mission/activity while preserving lives & precious resources

6. AF Risk Management Tenets
Risk is inherent in all missions, operations and activities
All personnel are responsible for utilizing RM concepts, tools & techniques
RM process is applicable on and off-duty
What are the pros and cons of using the Risk Management process in your daily tasks?
Speaker Notes:
Left Image: President Eisenhower D Day
Right Image: Bin Laden Raid
Go through the AF RM tenets:
Risk is inherent in all missions, operations and activities, both on- and off-duty but can be effectively mitigated if understood and appropriate action is taken
All personnel are responsible for utilizing RM concepts, tools & techniques.
The RM process applies to risk-related decisions not governed via separate requirements/guidelines
Ask them this discussion question: What are the pros and cons of using the Risk Management process in your daily tasks?

7. AF Risk Management Goals
Enhance mission effectiveness
Create a RM AF cultural mindset
Integrate RM into mission & activity planning
Identify opportunities to increase AF warfighting effectiveness
Ensure success at minimal cost of resources.
Speaker Notes:
Go through the AF RM goals:
Enhance mission effectiveness at all levels, while preserving assets, & safeguarding health & welfare
Create an AF cultural mindset in which every leader, Airman & employee is trained & motivated to manage risk in all their on-& off duty activities
Integrate RM into mission & activity planning processes, ensuring decisions are based upon risk assessments of the operation/activity
Identify opportunities to increase AF warfighting effectiveness in all environments, & ensure success at minimal cost of resources.

8. AF Risk Management Principles
Risk Management does not:
Mean inherent flexibility, initiative or accountability
Remove risk altogether
Take the place of any type of training
Override or supersede compliance with federally mandated standards
Speaker Notes:
Risk Management does not:
Mean inherent flexibility, initiative or accountability
Remove risk altogether or support a “Zero Defect” mindset
Take the place of training, practice, drills, rehearsals, tactics, techniques & procedures
Override or supersede compliance with federally mandated Department of Defense (DoD), OSHA standards, federal environmental cleanup standards, AF standards/criteria, or any risk-based statutory & regulatory requirements that apply & dictate the outcome of such requirements.

9. AF Risk Management Principles
AF RM Principles
Accept no unnecessary risks
Make risk decisions at the appropriate level
Integrate RM into operations, activities & planning at all levels
Apply the process cyclically & continuously
Speaker Notes:
Go though the AF risk management principles.
AF RM Principles
Accept no unnecessary risks
Make risk decisions at the appropriate level
Integrate RM into operations, activities & planning at all levels (on- and off-duty)
Apply the process cyclically & continuously

10. AF Risk Management Principles
Accept No Unnecessary Risks
Does the sum of the benefits exceed the sum of the costs?
Too much risk being accepted
What level of risk is unnecessary?
Can you think of a specific time when you accepted an unnecessary risk
on or off-duty?
Speaker Notes:
Accept No Unnecessary Risks
Even high-risk endeavors may be undertaken when there is a clear knowledge that the sum of the benefits exceeds the sum of the costs
If all the hazards are not identified, then it is possible that too much risk is being accepted
RM provides tools to determine which risk or what level of risk is unnecessary
Maintaining an effective, yet bold, risk-taking organization is always a challenge in peacetime.
Ask the audience if they can think of a specific time when they accepted an unnecessary risk?

11. Risk Management On and Off Duty
Integrate RM as early as possible
Must dedicate time & resources
Any amount of pre-planning is better than no planning at all
Cyclic process
Speaker Notes:
Go through techniques of how to integrate RM into planning.
Integrate RM into planning as early as possible
Commanders, supervisors & personnel must dedicate time & resources to incorporate RM into the planning process for all on- & off-duty operations/activities
Any amount of pre-planning that can be accomplished, even in a time-constrained environment, is better than no planning at all and can reduce costs and enhance RM’s overall effectiveness
Cyclic process that is used to identify and assess hazards, develop & implement control, evaluate outcomes & provide feedback to our Airmen

12. Deliberate Risk Management
Deliberate RM: Complete 5-Step RM process (Pre-planning)
Timeframe: Months to days
Resources: Abundant
Application: Applies to all pre-planned events; critical to large scale operation/activity success
Speaker Notes:
There are two Levels of Risk Management: Deliberate and Real time risk management.
Go through Deliberate RM first.
Deliberate RM: Complete 5-Step RM process (Pre-planning)
Timeframe: Months to days
Resources: Abundant
Application: Applies to all pre-planned events; critical to large scale operation/activity success

13. Deliberate Risk Management
Identify hazards
Assess hazards
Develop controls & make decisions
Implement controls
Supervise & evaluate
Speaker Notes:
Go through a summary of the deliberate risk management technique.
Identify hazards
Assess hazards
Develop controls & make decisions
Implement controls
Supervise & evaluate

14. Real Time Risk Management
Real Time ABCD Model (Execution Phase):
ABCD for quick recall of 5 step process
Timeframe: Real time
Resources: Limited
Application: Applies to all active operations/activities
Have been in a situation where they felt they could have been more prepared specifically with risk management strategies?
Speaker Notes:
Now we will through the real time risk management model. This is intended for real time situations in which you need to implement RM strategies.
Real Time (ABCD Model) (Execution Phase)
ABCD for quick recall of 5 step process
Timeframe: Real time
Resources: Limited
Application: Applies to all active operations/activities
Ask the audience if they have been in a situation where they felt they could have been more prepared specifically with risk management strategies?

15. Real Time Risk Management: A
Access the Situation
Identify & assess the hazards
Requires three stages of situational awareness:
Perception of what’s happening now
Integration of information & goals
Projection into the future
Tied to steps 1 & 2 of the Deliberate RM
Speaker Notes:
Access the Situation
Identify & assess the hazards associated with a particular operation/activity.
This requires individuals to access anticipated & emerging risks in Real-Time. Requires three stages of situational awareness in a relatively short time:
Perception of what’s happening now
Integration of information & goals
Projection into the future
Must be able to discern the situation and identify available controls/resources to mitigate the risk
Tied to Step 1 and Step 2 of the Deliberative RM process
Identify the Hazard
Access the Hazard

16. Real Time Risk Management: B
Balance control
Consider all available controls (resources)
Pre-planning for contingencies
PPE use & availability
Personal RM
Strong Wingman culture
Selection of control
Tied to Steps 3 & 4 of Deliberative process
Speaker notes:
Balance control
Consider all available controls (resources) available to ensure success and/or mitigate identified hazards
Once the risk assessment is made, individuals must consider available controls/resources to promote success
Pre-planning for contingencies can help increase available resources
Training associated with the operation/activity
PPE use & availability
Personal RM
Strong Wingman culture
Selection of control is linked to the ability to effectively communicate with team members & leadership to ensure all available options are utilized
Tied to Steps 3 & 4 of Deliberative process

17. Real Time Risk Management: C
Communicate
Various forms of RTRM communication:
Leadership communication
Team member communication
Internalized communication
Dynamic environments drive changes to perception & communication
Identification & awareness of issues
Speaker Notes:
Communicate
Communicate with leadership or others to discuss problems, intentions and possible alternatives.
In individual situations carefully consider personal actions before deciding upon and implementing a final course of action.
Various forms of RTRM communication:
Leadership communication
Team member communication
Internalized communication
Dynamic environments drive changes to perception & communication
Increased stress
Loss of situational awareness
Reduced communication & focus
Identification & awareness of above issues helps individuals to step back and reevaluate situation & options
“Who needs to know?”
“Who can assist?”
“Can we do this differently?”

18. Real Time Risk Management: D
Decide & Debrief
Make decision to continue, modify or abandon the operation/activity
May require modification or change to original RM plans
Who is ultimately accountable?
Feedback on RTRM actions:
Was our original assessment accurate?
How well did we utilize our controls/resources?
How do we improve for the future?
Speaker Notes:
Decide & Debrief
Make the decision to continue, modify or abandon the operation/activity based upon real-time circumstances and conditions.
Provide feedback on what did & did not work to ensure applicable lessons are passed on to others; the experience can help save lives!
The final consideration is to make the “Go or No-Go” decision based upon real-time conditions
Relies on taking immediate or near immediate action to mitigate risks
May require modification or change to original RM plans
Can and should these changes be made?
Who is ultimately accountable?
Consequences of actions to individuals, team members, the operation/activity?
Feedback on RTRM actions:
Was our original assessment accurate?
Were we lucky?
How well did we utilize our controls/resources?
How do we improve for the future?

19. RM: Additional Discussion
At your unit, is RM part of your planning process?
Where do you see RM regularly applied at your unit?
Do you think the RM principles apply "at home off-duty"?
Do you use "RM" at home? Examples?
Speaker Notes:
Ask your audience to go through a few additional discussion questions.
At your unit, is RM part of your planning process?
Where do you see RM regularly applied at your unit?
Do you think the RM principles apply "at home off-duty"?
Do you use "RM" at home? Examples?