1. Animals Exhibit Behavior
innate behavior - a behavior that is pre-programmed into an organisms genes, no learning is required
learned behavior - a behavior that is not pre-programmed into an organisms genes, learning this behavior is required. However, the ability to learn requires genes.
social behavior - a behavior that includes the interaction between organisms. Can be learned or innate.

2. Suckling Innate Behavior
an innate behavior where mammals receive milk from their mothers

3. Migration Innate Behavior.
an innate behavior where organisms move long distances seasonally to find food or bread
Immigration / Emigration

4. Hibernation Innate Behavior
an innate behavior where organisms sleep through the winter to conserve energy
This requires
storing food in
the den or
storing energy
as fat.
Slow metabolism

5. Estivation Innate Behavior
an innate behavior where organisms sleep through long hot dry times to conserve water and energy

6. Circadian Rhythms Innate Behavior
an innate behavior where organisms remain fixed to an internal clock.
Some animals are nocturnal.

7. Taxis Innate Behavior Moving towards something it needs to survive.
Phototaxis –
organisms
moving toward
the light.

8. Imprinting Learned Behavior or Innate Behavior?
The first thing a newborn sees will be imprinted as its “mother”.
The chicks will follow the “mother” everywhere.
Scientists can get
chicks to imprint
them as the
“mother”. The
chicks will follow
the scientist around.

9. Habituation Learned Behavior.
The organism stops responding to a stimuli in the environment.
The bear will be naturally afraid of humans, but
when it gets food
near humans and
comes into
contact frequently
it is no longer
afraid.

10. Habituation Learned Behavior.
The organism stops responding to a stimuli in the environment.
The chick sees a
shadow and dives
into the nest thinking
it is a raptor.
Over time it learns
to ignore some
shadows because
they are harmless.

11. Operant Conditioning Learned Behavior.
Associate an abnormal behavior with a reward or consequence.
Rat rings a bell and gets food when the green light is lit.
Rat gets
shocked when
the red light
is lit.

12. Classical Conditioning
Learned Behavior
Pavlov’s Dog
Associate an abnormal stimulus with a normal behavior.

13. Trial and Error Learned Behavior.
The organism keeps trying and failing until it learns to do it right.

14. Courtship Social Behaviors
Behaviors that animals do to impress a mate.
Male “Birds of Paradise” have many feathers and dances to court a mate.

15. Territorial Defense Social Behavior.
Animals will fight to keep other animals out of its territory.
This maintains the
food and mate
supply.
Male Siamese
fighting fish will
fight to the death.

16. Communication Social Behavior.
Pheromones – chemical signals that can be detected and used for communication.
Ants leave a pheromone trail for other ants to follow.
Dancing – bees dance to tell other bees where the good flowers are.
Sounds – Animals will use sounds to warn of danger, cry for a mother, or talk to each other.

17. How do innate behavior patterns function as adaptations for animals
How do innate behavior patterns function as adaptations for animals? Give some examples in your answers.

18. How are learned behaviors of greater adaptive value than innate behaviors? What is the value of learning?