1. Final Exam Review “Funny, these look just like my flashcards…wonder if those are important?”

2. Society, Art, Geography, Language, Religion, Economy, Politics, Customs 8 Elements of Culture

3. The mixing of two or more cultures together – may form a new culture Cultural Diffusion

4. The coexistence of elements from a variety of cultures within a single culture Cultural Diversity

5. Urban Setting, Writing system, Organized Economy, and Organized Government Elements of a Civilization

6. The change from hunting and gathering (nomadic) to herding and farming Neolithic Revolution

7. Egypt (Nile) Sumer (Tigris and Euphrates) India (Indus) China (Huang He) River Valley Civilizations

8. First written set of laws which came from the Babylonian’s – “eye for an eye” Hammurabi’s Code

9. Transportation, food supply, fertile soil, water for irrigation Why ancient civilizations developed by rivers

10. Worshipped spirits of nature (Africa) Animism

11. Nature spirits called Kami exist in all things (Japan) Shintoism

12. Caste system, polytheistic, reincarnation, Karma, Dharma (India) Hinduism

13. Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path, end worldly desires (Asia from India) Buddhism

14. Follow The Way of nature and accept the things that you cannot change (China) Taoism

15. 5 Relationships, filial piety, set up civil service exams (China) Confucianism

16. Monotheistic, suffered Diaspora, Ten Commandments, Old Testament only Judaism

17. Monotheistic, created by the birth and death of Jesus, Ten Commandments, whole Bible Christianity

18. Monotheistic, developed by Mohammed, Five Pillars of Faith Islam

19. Line of ruling families in China, belief that those families held a Mandate of Heaven Dynasty

20. As a result of mountainous terrain in Greece, these consisted of a city and its surrounding area City – States

21. Free men in Athens vote directly on all issues Direct Democracy

22. Blend of Greek, Egyptian, Persian and Indian culture created by Alexander the Great Hellenistic Culture

23. Roman government in which elected representatives decide on important issues Republican Democracy

24. 200 years of Roman Peace that began with Augustus Caesar – Golden age of Rome Pax Romana

25. Written laws of Rome, basis for our legal system today Twelve Tables

26. Justinian’s Code, Hagia Sophia, preserved Greek and Roman culture, Constantinople Byzantine Empire

27. Out of Mecca and into Asia, Africa and Europe, preserved and improved classic culture Muslim Empire

28. Feudal society, Code of Bushido, isolationist and ethnocentric Tokugawa Shogunate

29. Largest empire, Genghis and Kublai Khan, ruled China and Russia, Marco Polo Muslim Empire

30. Gold-Salt trade, Mansa Musa, Ghana-Mali- Songhai, Ibn Battuta, became Islamic West African Empires

31. Created complex civilizations apart from the rest of the world in Meso- America Inca – Maya - Aztec

32. Like the Code of Bushido in Japan, was a guide of behavior for knights in Middle Ages Europe Chivalry

33. Spread by fleas on rats, killed 1/3 of Europeans by human interaction, loss of faith in church Bubonic Plague

34. Locally run “government” system of Middle Ages – based on manorialism and rigid class system Feudalism

35. Huge churches with flying buttresses, stained glass windows, visually praises glory of God Gothic Architecture

36. Series of Holy Wars to reclaim Holy Land from Muslims, huge impact on trade, ends feudalism Crusades

37. Intellectual and artistic movement during Renaissance that focused on everyday life Humanism

38. Wealthy people who sponsored artists such as the Medici family in Florence Patrons

39. Most important invention in history, made books available to the masses Printing Press

40. Economic relationship between mother country and colonies – make money for mother country Mercantilism

41. Named after Columbus, global exchange of products: food, animals, language, diseases Columbian Exchange

42. Attempt by some Europeans to reform or change the Roman Catholic Church Reformation

43. When monarchs ruled with absolute power, supported by Divine Right Absolutism

44. Selling forgiveness of sins and salvation, the main reason Luther was upset with the Church Indulgences

45. Theory that the Earth travels around the sun, supported by Copernicus and Galileo Heliocentric Theory

46. A change in the way people looked for answers to life’s questions using science, not faith Scientific Revolution

47. Society viewed political ideas through natural laws instead of divine belief Enlightenment

48. Locke, Montesquieu, Rousseau, Voltaire Enlightenment Thinkers

49. Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, Descartes Scientific Revolution Thinkers